Evaluation of Functional and Radiological Outcome of Arthroscopic-Assisted Anatomical Coracoclavicular (CC) and Acromioclavicular (AC) Ligament Reconstruction in Chronic AC Joint Dislocation

Introduction: Acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation is a common shoulder injury, comprising 9% - 12% of shoulder girdle injuries. Optimal management remains challenging, with treatment decisions guided by the Rockwood classification system. Controversies surround grade III injuries, necessitating further classification. Non-operative treatment has shown favorable outcomes, while surgical interventions vary. Anatomical coracoclavicular reconstruction (ACCR) has demonstrated biomechanical advantages over traditional methods. Arthroscopic techniques offer advantages, minimizing deltoid detachment and allowing concurrent pathology identification. This study evaluates the outcomes of arthroscopic-assisted ACCR in chronic AC joint dislocation. Surgical Technique: Arthroscopic-assisted ACCR involves meticulous portal placement, tendon graft harvesting, diagnostic arthroscopy, and coracoid exposure. The clavicle tunnels were made to mimic the conoid and trapezoid ligament positions, using FibreTape#2 loop and Dog Bone Button for correct placement against the coracoid base, and passing the semitendinosus graft through to reconstruct the conoid ligament, reduction done and graft follow through for anatomical reconstruction. Methods: A retrospective cohort study at Hospital Kuala Lumpur analyzed 35 patients undergoing arthroscopic-assisted ACCR for Rockwood grade III - V AC joint dislocations. Inclusion criteria encompassed trauma ≥ 3 weeks prior, no prior shoulder injuries, and ≥12-month follow-up. Functional and radiological assessments utilized ASES scores and coracoclavicular distances, respectively. Statistical analysis employed descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: The mean age was 38.9 years (SD 11.26), and 34 of 35 patients were male. Grade IV injuries were predominant (37.1%). Waiting time for surgery averaged 234.9 days. Functional improvement was substantial postoperatively (ASES: 55.5 to 88.9). Radiological outcomes demonstrated reduced coracoclavicular distances and maintained reduction. No significant correlation was observed between injury grade and outcomes. Conclusion: Arthroscopic-assisted ACCR for chronic AC joint dislocation yields significant functional and radiological improvement, irrespective of injury grade. Waiting time for surgery exhibits minor impact on outcomes, emphasizing the procedure’s efficacy. Concomitant injuries do not impede success, highlighting the versatility of this approach in managing shoulder instability. The study contributes valuable insights into the nuanced management of chronic AC joint dislocations and supports the adoption of arthroscopic-assisted ACCR as a viable treatment option.

Arthroscopic anatomical reconstruction of lateral collateral ligaments with ligament advanced reinforcement system artificial ligament for chronic ankle instability

BACKGROUND Recently,the use of ligament advanced reinforcement system(LARS)artificial ligament,a new graft which has several unique advantages such as no donor-site morbidity,early recovery and no risk of disease transmission which has been a significant breakthrough for anatomical ligament reconstruction.Growing studies suggested that the special design of the LARS ligament with open fibers in its intra-articular part was believed to be more resistant to torsional fatigue and wearing.However,the safety and efficacy of LARS artificial ligament for ankle joint lateral collateral ankle ligament reconstruction has not been defined to date.AIM To evaluate the clinical results of all-arthroscopic anatomical reconstruction of ankle joint lateral collateral ligaments with the LARS artificial ligament for chronic ankle instability.METHODS Twenty-two patients with chronic lateral instability underwent anatomical reconstruction of the lateral collateral ligaments of ankle with LARS artificial ligament.The visual analogue score(VAS),American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score(AOFAS score)and Karlsson score were used to evaluate the clinical results before and after surgery.RESULTS A total of 22 patients(22 ankles)were followed up for a mean of 12 mo.All patients reported significant improvement compared to their preoperative status.The mean AOFAS score improved from 42.3±4.9 preoperatively to 90.4±6.7 postoperatively.The mean Karlsson score improved from 38.5±3.2 preoperatively to 90.1±7.8 postoperatively.The mean VAS score improved from 1.9±2.5 preoperatively to 0.8±1.7 postoperatively.CONCLUSION All-arthroscopic anatomical reconstruction of the lateral collateral ligaments with LARS artificial ligament achieved a satisfactory surgical outcome for chronic ankle instability.

Biomechanical comparison of single-tunnel double-bundle and single-bundle reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament

Objective To compare the difference in stability of the knee joint after single-tunnel double-bundle and single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.Methods Six formalin-soaked specimens of the human knee with retained

Research progress on preparation of lateral femoral tunnel and graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injury is one of the most common types of sports injuries.People’s need to participate in sports and desire for a high quality of life promotes the continuous development of ACL reconstruction technology.Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction has been recognized as an effective method for the treatment of ACL injuries.This review analyses and summarizes the advantages and limitations of each surgical procedure for arthroscopic ACL reconstruction reported in the relevant literature so as to promote the future development of more relevant techniques.

Magnetic resonance imaging after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction:A practical guide

Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) reconstruction is one of the most common orthopedic procedures performed worldwide. In this regard, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) represents a useful pre-operative tool to confirm a disruption of the ACL and to assess for potential associated injuries. However, MRI is also valuable postoperatively, as it is able to identify, in a non-invasive way, a number of aspects and situations that could suggest potential problems to clinicians. Graft signal and integrity, correct tunnel placement, tunnel widening, and problems with fixation devices or the donor site could all compromise the surgical outcomes and potentially predict the failure of the ACL reconstruction. Furthermore, several anatomical features of the knee could be associated to worst outcomes or higher risk of failure. This review provides a practical guide for the clinician to evaluate the post-surgical ACL through MRI, and to analyze all the parameters and features directly or indirectly related to ACL reconstruction, in order to assess for normal or pathologic conditions.

Tailored classification of portal vein thrombosis for liver transplantation:Focus on strategies for portal vein inflow reconstruction

Portal vein thrombosis(PVT)is currently not considered a contraindication for liver transplantation(LT),but diffuse or complicated PVT remains a major surgical challenge.Here,we review the prevalence,natural course and current grading systems of PVT and propose a tailored classification of PVT in the setting of LT.PVT in liver transplant recipients is classified into three types,corresponding to three portal reconstruction strategies:Anatomical,physiological and non-physiological.Type I PVT can be removed via low dissection of the portal vein(PV)or thrombectomy;porto-portal anastomosis is then performed with or without an interposed vascular graft.Physiological reconstruction used for type II PVT includes vascular interposition between mesenteric veins and PV,collateral-PV and splenic vein-PV anastomosis.Non-physiological reconstruction used for type III PVT includes cavoportal hemitransposition,renoportal anastomosis,portal vein arterialization and multivisceral transplantation.All portal reconstruction techniques were reviewed.This tailored classification system stratifies PVT patients by surgical complexity,risk of postoperative complications and long-term survival.We advocate using the tailored classification for PVT grading before LT,which will urge transplant surgeons to make a better preoperative planning and pay more attention to all potential strategies for portal reconstruction.Further verification in a large-sample cohort study is needed.

Delayed reconstruction of lateral complex structures of the ankle

Lateral ankle instability is one of the most common and well-recognized conditions presenting to foot and ankle surgeons.It may exist as an isolated entity or in conjunction with other concomitant pathology,making it important to appropriately diagnose and identify other conditions that may need to be addressed as part of treatment.These associated conditions may be a source of chronic pain,even when the instability has been appropriately treated,or may lead to failure of treatment by predisposing the patient to ankle inversion injuries.The primary goal of this editorial is to provide a brief summary of the common techniques used in the delayed reconstruction of lateral ankle ligamentous injuries and present a method we have successfully employed for over 15 years.We will also briefly discuss the diagnosis and treatment of the more common associated conditions,which are important to identify to achieve satisfactory results for the patient.We present the outcomes of 250 consecutive reconstructions performed over the last 10 years and describe our operative technique for addressing lateral ankle ligamentous injuries.

Reconstruction of Humeral Head Defect in Locked Posterior Dislocation Shoulder. A Case Series of Nine Patients

Locked posterior dislocation shoulder is uncommon and frequently missed injury. It account for 2% - 4% of all shoulder dislocations. It is commonly associated with osseous defects in humeral head articular surface known as reverse Hill-Sachs lesion. Numerous surgical procedures invented to repair this defect with variable outcomes but evidence based management strategies are lacking. Among these procedures are: transfer of lesser tuberosity or subscapularis tendon, rotational osteotomy of humerus, osteochondral grafts. Salvage procedure as hemiarthroplasty or total shoulder arthroplasty used in huge non-constructable defect or very old neglected dislocation. In our case series, we treated 9 cases (2 females) of locked posterior shoulder dislocation with antero-medial humeral head defects ranging between 30% - 50% of head size. Open reduction of dislocation followed by transfer of the lesser tuberosity together with subscapularis tendon for reconstruction of the humeral head defect. The transfer was fixed with Ethibond suture size 5-0 (Ethicon, Inc. Somerville, New Jersy). The mean follow-up period was 14.5 months (range, 12 - 25 months). Seven cases had no pain or restriction of activities of daily living. No patient had symptoms of instability of the shoulder. According to UCLA Shoulder rating scale, there were 3 cases rated excellent, 4 cases rated good, one case rated fair and one case rated poor. It is concluded that reconstruction of the humeral head defect provides good pain relief, stability and function for patients with a locked posterior dislocation where the defect involves between 30% - 50% of the articular surface circumference. Our technique is simple, cheap and there is no need for second operation for hardware removal.

MULTIDETECTOR CT STUDY OF ANATOMICAL VARIANTS OF ETHMOID SINUS

Objective To evaluate the significance of multidetector CT 3D reconstruction technique inshowing anatomy of ethmoid sinus, at the same time, anatomic variations of ethmoid sinus and its clinical significance were also discussed. Methods 250 cases of ethmoid sinuses were scanned transversally by multidetector scaner, coronal and sagittal views were reconstructed. Results Coronal and sagittal views were good enough to make diagnosis. 5 kinds of common ethmoid sinus variations were seen, including pneumatization of ethmoid bulla (56. 5% ) , Onodi air cell(26% ) , Haller cell(6. 5% ) ,low ethmoid foveolas(4. 3% )and over intromigratiny lamella papyracea (6. 5% ). Conclusion The coronal and other special views of ethmoid sinus are showed clearly by 3D reconstruction which can provide detailed image informations for functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Experimental Study on Anatomic Reduction of Lateral Pterygoid Muscle(Simulated Manipulation Fracture Reduction)and Condylar Free Reduction for Condylar Fracture

[Objectives]To compare the fracture healing of keeping lateral pterygoid muscle anatomic reduction(simulated manipulation fracture reduction)with condylar free reduction in the treatment of condylar fractures.[Methods]Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups to mandibular condylar neck fracture model was established.one team keep the lateral pterygoid muscle,the other excise it.Cervical vascular perfusion was done with ink before animals executed after operation 2,4,6 and 8 weeks.Bilateral anteroposterior and mediolateral condylar diameters measured.Changes of operation side condylar proliferating layer,microvessel number and bone parameters were observed and analyzed after slices and HE staining.[Results]The mediolateral condylar diameters of operation side were significantly smaller than health side in condylar free reduction group at the 4,6,8 weeks(P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference in the anteroposterior condylar diameters at each time point(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the anteroposterior and mediolateral condylar diameters of the anatomic reduction lateral pterygoid muscle group compared between the operation side and health side(P>0.05).The number of microvessel in condylar free reduction group were smaller than those in anatomic reduction lateral pterygoid muscle group(P<0.05).There were significant differences in BV/TV,Tb.Th,Tb.Sp between the condylar free reduction group and the anatomic reduction lateral pterygoid muscle group(all P<0.05),and the Tb.N were significantly differences between two groups at the 4,6,8 weeks(P<0.05).[Conclusions]When the condyle is fractured it should keep lateral pterygoid muscle(manipulation fracture reduction)as possible,which is important in the fracture healing and functional recovering of mandibular.

术中透视优化前交叉韧带重建术中股骨骨道定位的效果分析

目的:比较前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)断裂进行解剖重建手术中,采用透视方法定位骨道位置前、后股骨骨道的分布情况。方法:2019年7月至2022年6月,收集在我科进行关节镜下ACL单束解剖重建手术的患者46例,其中男34例,女12例,左膝27例,右膝19例,平均年龄31.8±4.9岁。股骨骨道初次定位时依据术者经验进行定位,然后根据透视结果调整股骨侧骨道的定位位置。在股骨侧位视图上绘制矩形框,根据骨道中心点在此矩形框的深-浅方向及高-低方向上所占比例而定位骨道位置,比较初次定位及透视定位后,股骨骨道位置在各方向的分布情况及骨道位置良好程度。结果:透视定位前、后骨道位置在x轴情况:偏后7例调整为4例(9%),正常29例调整为36例(78%),偏前10例调整为6例(13%);y轴情况:偏高30例调整为19例(41%),正常14例调整为27例(59%),偏低2例调整为0例(0%)。初次定位时股骨骨道位置良好11例(24%),透视定位调整后骨道位置良好25例(54%)。结论:ACL单束解剖重建手术中,采用术中透视进行股骨骨道定位,有助于改善股骨侧骨道位置分散情况。

内蒙古地区样本髋关节置换假体位置数字化评估

目的测量内蒙古地区髋关节置换术后假体位置参数,了解假体位置分布及解剖重建率。方法纳入内蒙古地区四家三级医院179例髋关节置换术后首次X线资料(年龄30~70岁),影像资料以JEPG格式导入Mimics21.0软件,采用多人重复测量取平均值的方法测量6项参数,包括髋臼假体外展角、前倾角、髋关节旋转中心垂直位置和水平位置、股骨偏心距及双下肢长度差异;比较术侧与健侧髋关节旋转中心位置、股骨头偏心距的差异,统计以上6项参数的解剖重建率。结果观察者间及观察者自身的组内相关系数为0.84~0.99,可靠性较好。健侧股骨头偏心距与术侧差异无统计学意义;术侧髋关节旋转中心垂直位置、水平位置与健侧相比,向内上方偏移,差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。髋臼假体外展角、前倾角、髋关节旋转中心垂直位置、水平位置、股骨头偏心距及双下肢长度差异的解剖重建率分别为79.90%、77.70%、43.02%、60.34%、60.30%、79.30%。结论本研究统计内蒙古地区髋关节置换术假体位置的分布情况,认为术后较难达到完全的解剖重建,其中髋关节旋转中心垂直位置、水平位置及股骨偏心距的解剖重建率偏低,需改进手术方法缩小两侧的差异。

磁共振成像影像导航及靶区选择在经颅磁刺激治疗中的应用

背景:在经颅磁刺激临床实际应用中,是否能准确瞄准刺激脑区可影响经颅磁刺激的实际治疗效果。近年来,随着神经导航系统、移动式增强现实技术的发展,以及多种不同模态磁共振成像数据分析方法的出现,刺激靶区定位的准确性和靶区选择的优化有望得到进一步的提高。目的:综述基于磁共振成像的影像导航定位原理及在经颅磁刺激中的应用,归纳不同模态磁共振成像数据分析在指导经颅磁刺激靶区选择上的作用。方法:应用计算机在PubMed、中国知网和万方数据库检索相关文献,以“transcranial magnetic stimulation,coil positioning,neuronavigation,augmented reality,magnetic resonance imaging,经颅磁刺激,线圈定位,神经导航,增强现实,核磁共振成像,原理”为主要检索词,最终纳入63篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:①传统经颅磁刺激线圈放置方法中,“5 cm规则”、国际脑电10-20定位法最为常用,这些方法具有简便、经济的优点,但过于依赖操作者的经验,存在不同操作者的技术差异。②基于立体定向技术发展而来的神经导航系统是目前可视化程度及准确度最高的辅助经颅磁刺激线圈放置的引导方式,它通过MRI数据采集、脑三维重建、头模配准及立体几何定位等步骤来实现可视化定位,具有较高的临床治疗及科研应用价值,但因其设备较为昂贵,目前在医疗机构中尚未普及。③对于不同层次的医疗单位,移动式移动式增强现实技术不失为一种经济、高效的神经导航系统替代方案,它通过磁共振成像数据采集、构建二维/三维图像、虚拟图像与真实脑图像叠加来实现头皮下脑组织可视化定位,具有直观性强、成本低廉的优势,可在基层医疗单位推广应用。④尽管相对脑电10-20定位策略,可视化定位的临床疗效优越性目前尚未充分体现,但随着研究者对人脑多种不同模态磁共振成像扫描数据的挖掘,有望进一步优化经颅磁刺激治疗靶区选择的策略,提高经颅磁刺激治疗应答率和个性化程度,这在将来是极具潜力和挑战的研究方向。

喙锁韧带重建术治疗肩锁关节脱位的研究进展

随着现代骨科学的发展,喙锁韧带修复重建在肩锁关节脱位手术中的应用成为学者们讨论的焦点。采用自体或异体肌腱重建及利用人工植入物重建是实现喙锁韧带重建的主流方法,两者各有其独特处与弊端,故临床上最佳的手术方式尚无定论。本文通过探究几种常见的喙锁韧带重建手术方法及其利弊,认为喙锁韧带解剖重建术的发展会更加注重生物力学特点的还原及人工植入物的生物相容性,此外,在关节镜的辅助下,包括传统方法在内的手术方法也将会得到改善与创新。

经皮微创解剖锁定钢板与切开复位重建钢板在锁骨中段粉碎性骨折中的应用效果对比

目的对比分析经皮微创解剖锁定钢板与切开复位重建钢板在锁骨中段粉碎性骨折内固定术中的应用效果。方法选取2020年1月至2022年1月驻马店市第一人民医院收治的90例锁骨中段粉碎性骨折患者作为研究对象,按照不同治疗方法将其分为微创组(45例)和传统组(45例),微创组患者采用经皮微创解剖锁定钢板内固定治疗,传统组患者采用切开复位重建钢板内固定治疗,对比观察两组患者围手术期相关指标、骨折愈合时间、临床疗效、肩关节及上肢功能、不良事件发生情况。结果微创组患者手术时间、住院时间、骨折愈合时间均明显短于传统组(t=5.069、3.494、4.007,P均<0.001);术后3个月,微创组患者中显效37例、有效7例、无效1例,与传统组患者的显效29例、有效14例、无效2例无明显差异(Z=-1.886,P=0.059);术后6个月,微创组患者Neer肩关节功能评分量表(Neer)评分明显高于传统组,上肢功能障碍评定量表(DASH)评分明显低于传统组(t=11.247、2.599,P<0.001、P=0.011);微创组患者不良事件发生率为6.7%,明显低于传统组患者的不良事件发生率22.2%(χ^(2)=4.406,P=0.036)。结论与切开复位重建钢板内固定相比,锁骨中段粉碎性骨折患者应用经皮微创锁定钢板内固定治疗的临床效果更佳,术后肩关节及上肢功能恢复效果更好,不良事件发生率更低。

解剖钢板内固定系统和重建钢板固定治疗锁骨中段骨折的效果分析

目的探讨与分析解剖钢板内固定系统和重建钢板固定治疗锁骨中段骨折的效果。方法选择2019年1月—2022年10月在苏州市吴江区第五人民医院入院并接受手术治疗的88例锁骨中段骨折患者作为研究对象,根据1:1随机掷骰子原则把88例患者分为解剖组44例与重建组44例。重建组给予重建钢板固定治疗,解剖组给予解剖钢板内固定系统治疗,记录与观察两组的治疗效果。结果两组术中出血量、手术时间、切口长度对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),解剖组术后住院时间、术后切口愈合时间、术后骨折创面愈合时间与重建组对比有显著减少(P<0.05)。解剖组术后3个月的肩峰下撞击征、植入物松动、肩关节炎、切口感染、静脉血栓等并发症发生率为4.55%,重建组为20.45%,解剖组与重建组对比有明显降低(P<0.05)。解剖组术后3个月的骨折复位质量优良率为97.73%,显著高于重建组的84.09%(P<0.05)。解剖组术后3个月的总体疗效优良率为95.45%,与重建组的相比有显著提高81.82%(P<0.05)。两组术后3个月的Constant and Murley评分明显高于术前1 d(P<0.05),且解剖组术后3个月的Constant and Murley评分明显高于重建组(P<0.05)。结论相对于重建钢板内固定系统,解剖钢板内固定系统治疗锁骨中段骨折能促进患者的康复与骨折愈合,降低患者的并发症发生率,也能提高骨折复位质量,改善患者的总体疗效与肩关节功能。

喙锁韧带不同重建方法治疗肩锁关节脱位的有限元分析

目的:建立喙锁韧带单束重建、双束解剖重建及双束完全解剖重建有限元模型,比较其位移及受力情况,为喙锁韧带完全解剖重建临床应用提供理论依据。方法:选取1位志愿者,年龄27岁,身高178 cm,体重75 kg,行肩关节CT扫描,运用Mimics17.0、Geomagic studio 2012、UG NX 10.0、Hypermesh14.0、Abaqus 6.14软件建立喙锁韧带单束重建、双束解剖重建及双束完全解剖重建三维有限元模型,各模型分别向前载荷、向后载荷及向上载荷的载荷,记录并比较在主要受力方向上锁骨远端中点的最大位移以及不同载荷情况下重建装置的最大等效应力。结果:施加向前载荷、向后载荷,双束完全解剖重建锁骨远端中点的向前最大位移及向后最大位移最低,分别为7.76 mm和7.27 mm;施加向上载荷,双束解剖重建锁骨远端中点向上最大位移最低,为5.12 mm;施加向前、向后及向上3种不同载荷,双束重建的重建装置最大等效应力均低于单束重建;双束完全解剖重建斜方韧带重建装置最大等效应力较双束解剖重建低,为73.29 MPa,但锥状韧带重建装置的最大等效应力高于双束解剖重建。结论:喙锁韧带双束完全解剖重建能够提高肩锁关节的水平稳定性,降低斜方韧带重建装置的应力,可作为治疗肩锁关节脱位的较好方法。

两种股骨隧道止点在单束前交叉韧带解剖重建术中的应用效果比较

目的 通过二次关节镜检查移植物的情况比较两种股骨隧道止点在单束前交叉韧带(ACL)解剖重建术中的应用效果。方法 按照股骨隧道止点不同将行单束ACL解剖重建术的患者分为A组[选择前内侧束(AM束)的解剖中点作为股骨隧道止点,38例]和B组[选择AM束与后外侧束(PL束)的交界点作为股骨隧道止点,35例]。术后12个月拆除胫骨门型钉时行二次关节镜检查,记录两组移植物的情况。采用Lysholm评分评价膝关节功能恢复情况。结果 患者均获得随访,时间12~24个月。两组均未发生移植物断裂等并发症。术后12个月,移植物松弛率A组明显低于B组(P<0.05);移植物的张力及滑膜覆盖分型情况A组明显优于B组(P<0.05)。术后12个月Lysholm评分两组均明显高于术前(P<0.05),且A组明显高于B组(P<0.05)。结论 单束ACL解剖重建时,与选择AM束与PL束的交界点作为股骨隧道止点相比,选择AM束的解剖中点更利于移植物的滑膜覆盖和张力的良好保持,可为膝关节提供良好的前向及旋转稳定性,进而延缓关节软骨及半月板的退变。

基于CT技术的成年人腰椎间盘及终板解剖参数研究

目的:应用CT三维重建技术测量健康成年人腰椎间盘及椎体终板的解剖参数,为临床应用及腰椎间盘假体的个体化设计提供基本数据。方法:对2019年9月至2020年12月在新疆医科大学第二附属医院影像中心住院或门诊就诊腰椎正常椎间盘及椎体终板的解剖参数进行测量,男女各200例,年龄20~60(40.61±11.22)岁,测量节段为L_(1)-S_(1)椎间盘,测量指标包括椎间盘轴位前后径和横径、矢状位前中后高度、冠状位左右高度、椎间隙角度及各椎体上下终板的横径和前后径。结果:(1)在性别上,男性L_(1)-S_(1)椎间盘轴位前后径和横径、矢状位前中后高度、冠状位左右高度、椎间隙角度的解剖参数均大于女性(P<0.05),男性L_(1)-S_(1)椎体上下终板的解剖参数大于女性(P<0.001)。(2)在矢位前中后高度比较中,男性和女性L_(1)-L5各椎间盘矢位高度均为中高>前高>后高(P<0.001),而L5S_(1)椎间盘矢位高度为前高>中高>后高(P<0.001)。(3)在冠状位左右高比较中,男性和女性L_(1)-S_(1)椎间盘冠状位左右高度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(4)男性和女性L_(1)-S_(1)各椎间隙夹角均随椎体节段的增加而增大。(5)男性L_(1)-S_(1)椎体上下终板的前后径及横径均大于女性(P<0.001)。结论:在成人腰椎间盘假体的设计中应考虑性别差异。各节段腰椎间盘的解剖参数随椎体序列的增加而变化,在人工椎间盘的设计中应考虑不同椎间盘的解剖参数,从矢位的高度变化判定椎间盘的设计应为楔形。

基于三维测量的颞浅动脉干解剖学研究

目的通过三维测量方法测量颞浅动脉干解剖学参数,为相关临床操作提供解剖学参考。方法选取2021年1月至2021年6月于遵义医科大学附属医院行头颅CTA检查的70例影像学原始图像,患者年龄30~79岁,平均60.0岁,其中女性32例,男性38例。通过专业医学三维重建软件(mimics)进行颞浅动脉重建后,测量颞浅动脉主干解剖参数:颞浅动脉干长度(AB)、C型弯曲的长度(CD)、水平测量的外耳道和颞浅动脉干之间的距离(EF)、C型弯曲弯曲度。结果在三维可视化模型上进行三维测量,男性与女性测量结果无统计学差异。不同年龄组测量结果无统计学差异。66%颞浅动脉干颧弓处出现C型弯曲;C型弯曲长度与弯曲度呈线性相关y=0.82788x-0.02919。89%C型弯曲处有分支血管发出;C型弯曲处发出的分支7%为颞中动脉,64%为颧眶动脉,29%为颞中动脉和颧眶动脉。70例数据中1侧颞浅动脉顶支缺如,1侧颞浅动脉额顶支分叉点位于颧弓处,分叉点处于C型弯曲中点。结论三维立体可视化可以精准地进行颞浅动脉干解剖学测量,为相关临床操作提供解剖学参考。