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Recent Study of Drag Embedment Plate Anchors in China 被引量:7
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作者 Haixiao Liu 《Journal of Marine Science and Application》 2012年第4期393-401,共9页
Experimental and theoretical studies of drag embedment plate anchors recently carried out in Tianjin University are summarized in this research paper, which involve a series of important topics relevant to the study o... Experimental and theoretical studies of drag embedment plate anchors recently carried out in Tianjin University are summarized in this research paper, which involve a series of important topics relevant to the study of drag anchors. The techniques for measuring the trajectory and movement direction of drag anchors in soils, the techniques for measuring the moving embedment point and reverse eatenary shape of the embedded drag line, the penetration mechanism and kinematic behavior of drag anchors, the ultimate embedment depth of drag anchors, the movement direction of the anchor with an arbitrary fluke section, the reverse catenary properties of the embedded drag line, the interaetional properties between drag anchor and installation line, the kinematic model of drag anchors in seabed soils, and the analytical method for predicting the anchor trajectory in soils will all be examined. The present work remarkably reduces the uncertainties in design and analysis of drag embedment plate anchors, and is beneficial to improving the application of this new type of drag anchor in offshore engineering. 展开更多
关键词 drag embedment plate anchor vertically loaded plate anchor VLA drag-in plate anchor drag anchor ultimate embedment depth movement direction kinematic model penetration mechanism kinematic behavior
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Variation analysis of ultimate pullout capacity of shallow horizontal strip anchor plate with 2-layer overlying soil based on nonlinear M-C failure criterion 被引量:5
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作者 ZHAO Lian-heng TAN Yi-gao +2 位作者 NIE Zhi-hong YANG Xin-ping HU Shi-hong 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第11期2802-2818,共17页
Based on the nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and an associated flow rule,a kinematic admissible velocity field of failure mechanism of the 2-layer soil above a shallow horizontal strip anchor plate is constru... Based on the nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and an associated flow rule,a kinematic admissible velocity field of failure mechanism of the 2-layer soil above a shallow horizontal strip anchor plate is constructed.The ultimate pull-out force and its corresponding failure mechanism through the upper bound limit analysis according to a variation principle are deduced.When the 2-layer overlying soil is degraded into single-layer soil,the model of ultimate pullout force could also be degraded into the model of single-layer soil.And the comparison between results of single-layer soil variation method and those calculated by rigid limit analysis method proves the correctness of our method.Based on that,the influence of changes of geotechnical parameters on ultimate pullout forces and failure mechanism of a shallow horizontal strip anchor with the 2-layer soil above are analyzed.The results show that the ultimate pull-out force and failure mechanism of a shallow horizontal strip anchor with the 2-layer soil above are affected by the nonlinear geotechnical parameters greatly.Thus,it is very important to obtain the accurate geotechnical parameters of 2-layer soil for the evaluation of the ultimate pullout capacity of the anchor plate. 展开更多
关键词 shallow strip anchor plate 2-layer soil ultimate pullout capacity variation analysis nonlinear failure criterion
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Upper bound analysis of ultimate pullout capacity of shallow 3-D circular plate anchors based on nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion 被引量:7
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作者 ZHAO Lian-heng TAN Yi-gao +2 位作者 HU Shi-hong DENG Dong-ping YANG Xin-ping 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第9期2272-2288,共17页
Based on the nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and the associated flow rules,the three-dimensional(3-D)axisymmetric failure mechanism of shallow horizontal circular plate anchors that are subjected to the ultim... Based on the nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and the associated flow rules,the three-dimensional(3-D)axisymmetric failure mechanism of shallow horizontal circular plate anchors that are subjected to the ultimate pullout capacity(UPC)is determined.A derivative function of the projection function for projecting the 3-D axisymmetric failure surface on plane is deduced using the variation theory.By using difference principle,the primitive function of failure surface satisfying boundary condition and numerical solution to its corresponding ultimate pullout capacity function are obtained.The influences of nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb parameters on UPC and failure mechanism are studied.The result shows that UPC decreases with dimensionless parameter m and uniaxial tensile strength increases but increases when depth and radius of plate anchor,surface overload,initial cohesion,geomaterial density and friction angle increase.The failure surface is similar to a symmetrical spatial funnel,and its shape is mainly determined by dimensionless parameter m;the surface damage range expands with the increase of radius and depth of the plate anchor as well as initial cohesion but decreases with the increase of dimensionless parameter m and uniaxial tensile strength as well as geomaterial density.As the dimensionless parameter m=2.0,the numerical solution of UPC based on the difference principle is proved to be feasible and effective through the comparison with the exact solution.In addition,the comparison between solutions of UPC computed by variation method and those computed by upper bound method indicate that variation method outperforms upper bound method. 展开更多
关键词 shallow circular plate anchors ultimate pullout capacity variation analysis nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion upper bound limit analysis
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Two-Dimensional Large Deformation Finite Element Analysisfor the Pulling-up of Plate Anchor 被引量:8
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作者 王栋 胡玉霞 金霞 《China Ocean Engineering》 SCIE EI 2006年第2期269-278,共10页
Based on mesh regeneration and stress interpolation from an old mesh to a new one, a large deformation finite element model is developed for the study of the behaviour of circular plate anchors subjected to uplift loa... Based on mesh regeneration and stress interpolation from an old mesh to a new one, a large deformation finite element model is developed for the study of the behaviour of circular plate anchors subjected to uplift loading. For the deterruination of the distributions of stress components across a clay foundation, the Recovery by Equilibrium in Patches is extended to plastic analyses. ABAQUS, a commercial finite element package, is customized and linked into our program so as to keep automatic and efficient running of large deformation calculation. The quality of stress interpolation is testified by evaluations of Tresca stress and nodal reaction forces. The complete pulling-up processes of plate anchors buried in homogeneous clay arc simulated, and typical pulling force-displacement responses of a deep anchor and a shallow anchor are compared. Different from the results of previous studies, large deformation analysis is of the capability of estimating the breakaway between the anchor bottom and soils. For deep anchors, the variation of mobilized uplift resistance with anchor settlement is composed of three stages, and the initial buried depths of anchors affect the separation embedment slightly. The uplift bearing capacity of deep anchors is usually higher than that of shallow anchors. 展开更多
关键词 finite elements plate anchor CLAY large deformation uplift bearing capacity
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Six-Degree-of-Freedom Measurement of Plate Anchors in Centrifuge by Magnetometers 被引量:1
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作者 SHU Shuang CHEN Chuan +1 位作者 CHEN Hao-ran LAI Ying 《China Ocean Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2022年第6期871-879,共9页
The six-degree-of-freedom movement of an offshore plate anchor is essential to evaluate anchor performance.As an emerging technology,magnetometer has shown its potential in measuring the six-degree-of-freedom movement... The six-degree-of-freedom movement of an offshore plate anchor is essential to evaluate anchor performance.As an emerging technology,magnetometer has shown its potential in measuring the six-degree-of-freedom movement of offshore anchors under 1-g model laboratory tests.The paper presents the feasibility of adopting a magnetometer system in geotechnical centrifuge testing.Interference factors that may affect the measuring accuracy of the magnetometer system are investigated.The results demonstrate that the magnetometer system can accurately catch the anchor movement in the soils with the restrictions of:(1)the model anchor was made with stainless steel;(2)the system was placed at least 30 cm away from the side wall of soil model tank;(3)started the measurement when the artificial acceleration by centrifuge was stable. 展开更多
关键词 MAGNETOMETER offshore plate anchors centrifuge testing TRAJECTORY orientation
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Free-Fall Penetration Behaviors of A New Dynamically Installed Plate Anchor in Marine Clay 被引量:1
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作者 LAI Ying HUANG Yun-han +1 位作者 CHEN Chuan ZHU Bin 《China Ocean Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2020年第6期795-805,共11页
A new dynamically installed plate anchor, the Flying Wing Anchor~?, has been developed as a sustainable anchor concept for deep-water offshore wind turbines. The anchor is firstly installed by free-fall penetration an... A new dynamically installed plate anchor, the Flying Wing Anchor~?, has been developed as a sustainable anchor concept for deep-water offshore wind turbines. The anchor is firstly installed by free-fall penetration and then followed by drag embedment. If the anchor is subjected to environmental loads, it dives deeper to mobilize a higher capacity. This study presents a series of free-fall penetration tests with model anchors in different weights to assess the anchor behavior during the free-fall penetration performance in one-layer soil with a constant shear strength profile. Anchor velocities and embedment depths were measured by a magnetometer. An energy-based model and a force-based model were calibrated against the test results of model anchors with different weights. Based on the calibrated force-based model, a series of design charts were developed to estimate the embedment depth of anchors in different sizes and with different impact velocities in various marine clays. The framework to plot design charts presented herein can be potentially applied to other dynamically installed anchors to predict embedment depth in engineering practice. 展开更多
关键词 dynamic anchor dynamic installation plate anchor scale effect design chart
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Limit analysis of ultimate uplift capacity and failure mechanism ofshallow plate anchors in multi-layered soils 被引量:1
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作者 LYU Cheng WANG Zhu-hong +1 位作者 ZENG Zheng-qiang ZHANG Xiao 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第6期2049-2061,共13页
Considering the fact that in some complex cases,plate anchors are buried in multi-layered geotechnical materials,the ultimate dynamic analysis was performed to investigate the uplift capacity and failure mechanism of ... Considering the fact that in some complex cases,plate anchors are buried in multi-layered geotechnical materials,the ultimate dynamic analysis was performed to investigate the uplift capacity and failure mechanism of shallow strips and circular plate anchors in multi-layered soils.The nonlinear strength criterion and non-associated flow rule of geotechnical materials were introduced to investigate the influence of nonuniformity on the pullout performance and failure mechanism of shallow plate anchors.The expressions of the detaching curves or surfaces were obtained to reflect the failure mechanism,which can be used to figure out the ultimate uplift capacity and failure range.The results are generally in agreement with the numerical simulations and previous research.The effects of various parameters on the ultimate uplift capacity and failure mechanism of plate anchors in multi-layered soils were investigated,and it is found that the ultimate uplift capacity and failure range of shallow anchors increase with the increase of initial cohesion and dilatancy coefficient,but decrease with the unit weight,axial tensile stress and nonlinear coefficient. 展开更多
关键词 limit analysis dilatancy coefficient ultimate uplift capacity plate anchors multi-layered soils
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Experimental study on the stability of plate anchors in clay under cyclic loading 被引量:1
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作者 Long Yu Qi Zhou Jun Liu 《Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters》 CAS CSCD 2015年第2期93-96,共4页
Although the bearing capacity of plate anchors in clay has been studied extensively, the results considering the effects of offshore cyclic loading are relatively rare. In the present study, 1g model tests are carried... Although the bearing capacity of plate anchors in clay has been studied extensively, the results considering the effects of offshore cyclic loading are relatively rare. In the present study, 1g model tests are carried out to investigate the effect of cyclic loading on the bearing capacity of plate anchors in clay. The ultimate pullout capacity of plate anchors in clay decreases as the accumulated plastic shear strain grows due to the strain-softening of clay under cyclic loading. The load-displacement curves of these tests are presented and the effects of overburden stress and cyclic loading amplitude on the strain-softening behavior are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 plate anchor Clay Cyclic loading Strain softening
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Uplift of Symmetrical Anchor Plates by Using Grid-Fixed Reinforced Reinforcement in Cohesionless Soil
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作者 Hamed Niroumand Khairul Anuar Kassim 《China Ocean Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2014年第1期115-126,共12页
Uplift response of symmetrical anchor plates with and without grid fixed reinforced (GFR) reinforcement was evaluated in model tests and numerical simulations by Plaxis. Many variations of reinforcement layers were ... Uplift response of symmetrical anchor plates with and without grid fixed reinforced (GFR) reinforcement was evaluated in model tests and numerical simulations by Plaxis. Many variations of reinforcement layers were used to reinforce the sandy soil over symmetrical anchor plates. In the current research, different factors such as relative density of sand, embedment ratios, and various GFR parameters including size, number of layers, and the proximity of the layer to the symmetrical anchor plate were investigated in a scale model. The failure mechanism and the associated rupture surface were observed and evaluated. GFR, a tied up system made of fiber reinforcement polymer (FRP) strips and end balls, was connected to the geosynthetic material and anchored into the soil. Test results showed that using GFR reinforcement significantly improved the uplift capacity of anchor plates. It was found that the inclusion of one layer of GFR, which rested directly on the top of the anchor plate, was more effective in enhancing the anchor capacity itself than other methods. It was found that by including GFR the uplift response was improved by 29%. Multi layers of GFR proved more effective in enhancing the uplift capacity than a single GFR reinforcement. This is due to the additional anchorage provided by the GFR at each level of reinforcement. In general, the results show that the uplift capacity of symmetrical anchor plates in loose and dense sand can be significantly increased by the inclusion of GFR. It was also observed that the inclusion of GFR reduced the requirement for a large L/D ratio to achieve the required uplift capacity. The laboratory and numerical analysis results are found to be in agreement in terms of breakout factor and failure mechanism pattern. 展开更多
关键词 grid fixed reinforced (GFR) PLAXIS fiber reinforcement polymer (FRP) uplift response anchor plate
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Finite element analysis of anchor plates using non-coaxial models
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作者 Yunming Yang H.S.Yu 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE 2010年第2期178-187,共10页
The non-coaxial model simulating the non-coincidence between the principal stresses and the principal plastic strain rates is employed within the framework of finite element method(FEM) to predict the behaviors of a... The non-coaxial model simulating the non-coincidence between the principal stresses and the principal plastic strain rates is employed within the framework of finite element method(FEM) to predict the behaviors of anchors embedded in granular material.The non-coaxial model is developed based on the non-coaxial yield vertex theory,and the elastic and conventional coaxial plastic deformations are simulated by using elasto-perfectly plastic Drucker-Prager yield function according to the original yield vertex theory.Both the horizontal and vertical anchors with various embedment depths are considered.Different anchor shapes and soil friction and dilation angles are also taken into account.The predictions indicate that the use of non-coaxial models leads to softer responses,compared with those using conventional coaxial models.Besides,the predicted ultimate pulling capacities are the same for both coaxial and non-coaxial models.The non-coaxial influences increase with the increasing embedment depths,and circular anchors lead to larger non-coaxial influences than strip anchors.In view of the fact that the design of anchors is mainly determined by their displacements,ignoring the non-coaxiality in finite element numerical analysis can lead to unsafe results. 展开更多
关键词 finite element analysis non-coaxial models anchor plates ultimate pulling capacities principal stress rotations
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Dynamic Installation Behaviors of A New Hybrid Plate Anchor in Layered Marine Clay
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作者 LAI Ying ZHU Bin +1 位作者 CHEN Chuan HUANG Yun-han 《China Ocean Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2021年第5期736-749,共14页
Layered soil profiles create challenges for foundation installation and detrimentally affect the foundation performance.This research explored the free-fall penetration behavior of a new dynamically installed plate an... Layered soil profiles create challenges for foundation installation and detrimentally affect the foundation performance.This research explored the free-fall penetration behavior of a new dynamically installed plate anchor,the Flying Wing Anchor?,in layered soil profiles.This new concept anchor combines the advantages of low-cost installation of torpedo piles and high efficiency of plate anchors.Anchor is initially installed through free-fall like a torpedo pile,and followed by drag embedment like a plate anchor.The methodology is to perform free-fall penetration tests with a model anchor in a variety of test beds containing marine clays with different profiles of undrained shear strength versus depth.A calibrated prediction model accounting for the effects of strain-rate and stiff layer produces results similar to those from the model test.The design curves were developed based on the calibrated analytical model,and are valuable to estimate the impact velocity thresholds of prototype anchor to penetrate through stiff layers.The free-fall penetration tests indicated that the penetration ability of FWA?increases with the increased impact velocity.This new dynamically embedded plate anchor can penetrate through the stiff layers that would cause problems for the conventional plate anchor,such as the drag embedded anchor,plowing on the top of stiff layer instead of breaking into it.Therefore,the new dynamically embedded plate anchor can provide a possible solution for layered soil profiles in deep water. 展开更多
关键词 layered soils PENETRATION hybrid anchors dynamically installed anchors plate anchors
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Elasto-plasticity and pore-pressure coupled analysis on the pullout behaviors of a plate anchor
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作者 Cun Hu Fu-Ping Gao 《Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters》 CAS CSCD 2015年第2期89-92,共4页
A numerical method is proposed for the elasto-plasticity and pore-pressure coupled analysis on the pull- out behaviors of a plate anchor. The bounding-surface plasticity (BSP) model combined with Blot's consol- ida... A numerical method is proposed for the elasto-plasticity and pore-pressure coupled analysis on the pull- out behaviors of a plate anchor. The bounding-surface plasticity (BSP) model combined with Blot's consol- idation theory is employed to simulate the cyclic loading induced elasto-plastic deformation of the soil skeleton and the accompanying generation/dissipation of the excess pore water pressure. The suction force generated around the anchor due to the cyclic variation of the pore water pressure has much effect on the pullout capacity of the plate anchor. The calculated pullout capacity with the proposed method (i.e., the coupled analysis) gets lower than that with the conventional total stress analysis for the case of long-term sustained loading, but slightly higher for the case of short-term monotonic loading. The cyclic loading induced accumulation of pore water pressure may result in an obvious decrease of the stiffness of the soil-Plate anchor svstem. 展开更多
关键词 plate anchor Bounding-surface plasticity model Pore pressure Coupled analysis
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Experimental evaluation of mechanically stabilized earth walls with recycled crumb rubbers 被引量:9
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作者 Matin Jalali Moghadam Amirali Zad +1 位作者 Nima Mehrannia Nader Dastaran 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 CSCD 2018年第5期947-957,共11页
Traditional techniques for treatment of waste rubber, such as burning, generate some highly non- degradable synthetic materials that cause unrepairable environmental damages by releasing heavy metals, such as arsenic,... Traditional techniques for treatment of waste rubber, such as burning, generate some highly non- degradable synthetic materials that cause unrepairable environmental damages by releasing heavy metals, such as arsenic, chromium, lead, manganese and nickel. For this, scrap tires are used as light- weight alternative materials in many engineering applications, such as retaining wall backfilling. In the present study, 90 laboratory models were prepared to evaluate the stability of mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls with plate anchors. Then, the bearing capacity and horizontal displacements of the retaining walls were monitored by exerting a static loading to investigate the effects of adding different contents (5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt% and 20 wt%) of recycled crumb rubber (RCR) to the fill of a mechanically stabilized retaining wall with plate anchors. To visualize the critical slip surface of the wall, the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique was employed. Results showed that the circular anchor plates almost continually provided a higher bearing capacity and wall stability than the square plates. Moreover, the backfill with 15 wt% RCR provided the maximum bearing capacity of the wall. Increasing the weight percentage of RCR to 20 wt% resulted in a significant reduction in horizontal displacement of the wall, which occurred due to the decrease in lateral earth pressure against the whole walls. An increase in RCR content resulted in the decrease in the formation of failure wedge and the expansion of the wall slip surface, and the failure wedge did not form in the sand mixtures with 15 wt% and 20 wt% RCRs. 展开更多
关键词 Mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) wall plate anchor Recycled crumb rubber (RCR) Particle image velocimetry (PIV)
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