Based on ancient documents and archaeology,this paper studied the general situation and landscape conditions of ancient Xuzhou in the pre-Qin period,including regional changes,economic development,and gardening activi...Based on ancient documents and archaeology,this paper studied the general situation and landscape conditions of ancient Xuzhou in the pre-Qin period,including regional changes,economic development,and gardening activities and characteristics of Xu-style gardens.The study found that ancient Xuzhou had been inhabited by human beings as early as 6,000 years ago,and villages and kingdoms had gradually formed.When Yu the Great ruled the country(also known as Jiuzhou,or nine states),Xu was one of the nine states,known as Xuzhou.Local natural geographical environment was superior,the transportation was convenient,economy and society was relatively developed,thus by the Zhou Dynasty,ancient Xuzhou region had already had a large number of early garden forms.This period was the incubation period of Xu-style garden.展开更多
Thirty-nine trace elements of the Song-Yuan period (960—1368 AD) porcelain bodies from Cizhou, Jizhou and Longquanwu kilns were analyzed with ICP-MS, a tech-nique rarely used in Chinese archaeometry, to investigate i...Thirty-nine trace elements of the Song-Yuan period (960—1368 AD) porcelain bodies from Cizhou, Jizhou and Longquanwu kilns were analyzed with ICP-MS, a tech-nique rarely used in Chinese archaeometry, to investigate its potential application in such studies. Trace element composi-tions clearly reflect the distinctive raw materials and their mineralogy at the three kilns and allow their products to be distinguished. Significant chemical variations are also ob-served between Yuan and Song-Jing dynasties samples from Cizhou as well as fine and coarse porcelain bodies from Longquanwu. In Cizhou, porcelains of better quality which imitate the famous Ding kiln have trace element features distinctive from ordinary Cizhou products, that indicates geochemically distinctive raw materials were used and which possibly also underwent extra refining prior to use. The dis-tinct trace element features of different kilns and the various types of porcelains from an individual kiln can be inter-preted from a geochemical perspective. ICP-MS can provide a large amount of valuable information about ancient Chi-nese ceramics as it is capable of analyzing >40 elements with a typical of precision < 2%.展开更多
The use of glaze ash was an important technique in ancient Chinese ceramics-making.In 1987, through excavation at the Guantai kiln-site of Cizhou ware in Cixian county, Hebei, a ruined kiln (designated No. 1) was foun...The use of glaze ash was an important technique in ancient Chinese ceramics-making.In 1987, through excavation at the Guantai kiln-site of Cizhou ware in Cixian county, Hebei, a ruined kiln (designated No. 1) was found to be the vestiges of a kiln for firing glaze ash as )udged by its structure and the remaining deposits of the firewood and slaked lime alternately piled in it. This discovery transferred the reliable date of the first use of glaze ash in China to an earlier period, i.e. to Emperor Huizong' s reign, Northern Song dynasty. The application of glaze ash greatly expanded the limits of selecting raw materials for making glaze. At the Cizhou Kilns, the glaze made by means of glaze ash must have imitated that on the white porcelain of Ding ware. The firewood used for formulating glaze ash was in great variety, reflecting the initial form without the standardization of material selection. In addition, the discovery evidences that there was certain division of labor in the production at the Cizhou Kilns of the late Northern Song period.展开更多
文摘Based on ancient documents and archaeology,this paper studied the general situation and landscape conditions of ancient Xuzhou in the pre-Qin period,including regional changes,economic development,and gardening activities and characteristics of Xu-style gardens.The study found that ancient Xuzhou had been inhabited by human beings as early as 6,000 years ago,and villages and kingdoms had gradually formed.When Yu the Great ruled the country(also known as Jiuzhou,or nine states),Xu was one of the nine states,known as Xuzhou.Local natural geographical environment was superior,the transportation was convenient,economy and society was relatively developed,thus by the Zhou Dynasty,ancient Xuzhou region had already had a large number of early garden forms.This period was the incubation period of Xu-style garden.
文摘Thirty-nine trace elements of the Song-Yuan period (960—1368 AD) porcelain bodies from Cizhou, Jizhou and Longquanwu kilns were analyzed with ICP-MS, a tech-nique rarely used in Chinese archaeometry, to investigate its potential application in such studies. Trace element composi-tions clearly reflect the distinctive raw materials and their mineralogy at the three kilns and allow their products to be distinguished. Significant chemical variations are also ob-served between Yuan and Song-Jing dynasties samples from Cizhou as well as fine and coarse porcelain bodies from Longquanwu. In Cizhou, porcelains of better quality which imitate the famous Ding kiln have trace element features distinctive from ordinary Cizhou products, that indicates geochemically distinctive raw materials were used and which possibly also underwent extra refining prior to use. The dis-tinct trace element features of different kilns and the various types of porcelains from an individual kiln can be inter-preted from a geochemical perspective. ICP-MS can provide a large amount of valuable information about ancient Chi-nese ceramics as it is capable of analyzing >40 elements with a typical of precision < 2%.
文摘The use of glaze ash was an important technique in ancient Chinese ceramics-making.In 1987, through excavation at the Guantai kiln-site of Cizhou ware in Cixian county, Hebei, a ruined kiln (designated No. 1) was found to be the vestiges of a kiln for firing glaze ash as )udged by its structure and the remaining deposits of the firewood and slaked lime alternately piled in it. This discovery transferred the reliable date of the first use of glaze ash in China to an earlier period, i.e. to Emperor Huizong' s reign, Northern Song dynasty. The application of glaze ash greatly expanded the limits of selecting raw materials for making glaze. At the Cizhou Kilns, the glaze made by means of glaze ash must have imitated that on the white porcelain of Ding ware. The firewood used for formulating glaze ash was in great variety, reflecting the initial form without the standardization of material selection. In addition, the discovery evidences that there was certain division of labor in the production at the Cizhou Kilns of the late Northern Song period.
