Intangible Protection of Environmental Spaces in Ancient Towns and Its Significance: a Case Study of Ancient Qijiang Town in Sichuan

The well-preserved small historic cities and towns in China that have went through thousands of years of vicissitudes play a signifi cant role in studying the town history and architectural spaces,and inheriting behavioral cultures of the locals.However,driven by economic profi ts,the current protection and development of ancient towns focus on ancient images,but neglect behavioral cultures and spiritual connotations,lose their evolution sequence and the relationship between tangible and intangible characters.Protection of ancient towns,as the author asserts,means not simple restoration and simulation of ancient buildings,or blind pursuit of new approaches,but equal importance to repairing architectural forms,protecting the environmental spaces,and intangible behavioral cultures and spiritual connotations of the locals that have been or will be lost in the history.It is the signifi cance of protecting ancient town environment and its history and culture.

The Analysis of Pingyao Ancient Town Street Spaces and View Spots Reachability by Space Syntax

The Pingyao ancient town is one of the four largest ancient cities in China. This study analyzes street spaces characteristic and view spots reachability of the Pingyao ancient town using space syntax. Then, it is concluded that the integration and reachability of street spaces are relatively higher in the northern ancient town;the accessibility among street spaces is relatively higher in the northeastern ancient town;and most of the ancient town street spaces are very open. Furthermore, the reachability of 14 view spots and their 4 corresponding street spaces is relatively higher in the 20 view spots and their 9 corresponding street spaces. Finally, some suggestions are presented to the tourism development of Pingyao ancient town based on the above conclusions.

Protection and Renovation Strategies for Ancient Town Architectural Space Design from the Perspective of Place Spirit Theory:A Case Study of Hekou Ancient Town,Yanshan County of Jiangxi Province

The protection and renovation of ancient town space design has been widely concerned by all walks of society and professionals of all disciplines.However,in the process of design protection and renovation,there are various serious problems such as lack of the core functions are weak,loss of historical context protection,and disappearance of architectural space design features.As an important commercial transportation hub town in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Hekou Ancient Town has become increasingly weak.From the perspective of the place spirit(Genius Loci)theory,this paper followed the design principle of"use function enhancement,spatial feature extension and life situation experience",and elaborated the strategies of space protection and renovation of Hekou Ancient Town design from three aspects:spatial pattern,landscape restoration and landscape node reconstruction,in the hope of enhancing the depth of the inheritance and development of the spiritual culture of ancient towns in China.

Study on Landscape Restoration in City Memory Space: A Case Study of Temple of Lord Fan Wenzheng in Ancient Huishan Town

Against the background of rapid urbanization, city memories have been gradually lost. In view of this, historic blocks and ancient buildings are taken as the key points of restoring collective memory spaces of cities, and Temple of Lord Fan Wenzheng in ancient Huishan Town, Wuxi City as a typical case to define tangible landscape elements in memory spaces. By analyzing the process of restoring buildings, pavements, waters, stone layouts and plants in the temple, practical means of restoring tangible landscapes in city memory spaces were summarized, so as to provide references for protecting original town landscapes, repairing damaged memory spaces, and inheriting city memories.

Spatial Analysis of Settlement Landscapes in Ancient Xianshi Town, Zigong City of Sichuan Province

Organization forms, components, spatial scales and configuration principles of settlement landscapes in ancient Xianshi Town, Zigong City of Sichuan Province were investigated and analyzed. Specifically, overall layout and organization forms were elaborated; spatial components of settlement landscapes were discussed from the perspectives of exterior open landscape space, interior enclosed landscape space, and transitional landscape space; factors influencing the scale of streets, lanes and buildings were introduced, spatial scales of major streets and buildings in the town were calculated; and finally configuration principles of settlement landscapes in the town were proposed from the perspectives of rhythm and sense, symmetry and balance, diversity and unification. And it was concluded that settlement landscapes in ancient Xianshi Town have achieved the harmony between human and nature in terms of both organization of overall spaces and design of partial spaces.

Spatial Morphology Anatomy of Heijing Ancient Town in Chuxiong,Yunnan

Based on historical evolution of Heijing,this paper analyzed the landscape features of natural landscape,general structure and man-made architecture in Heijing.Meanwhile,it revealed its historical position as a place with thousands years of salt production as well as its solid economic financial resources.This article described and analysed the ancient town's space forms and the feelings from three space areas which are the natural environment,the artificial building and the spiritual cultural.The final conclusion hoped to supply a referent value in knowing well of the Heijing town and studying its construction and development as the role of an important commercial town in Ming and Qing dynasty.

物理环境介入下游览路径空间品质对游客行为影响探讨——以合肥市三河古镇为例

探析人本尺度下古镇游览路径多维空间品质和物理环境对游客行为的综合影响机制,以三河古镇为例,利用卷积神经网络、Open CV、sDNA量化路径空间品质;通过实地测量、空间插值获取物理环境数据;实时录像获取游客行为。构建分层回归模型对多维空间品质、物理环境与游客行为进行解释,总结各因子作用程度和作用方式。研究表明:夏季游客四类行为均受到多维空间品质和物理环境的直接或间接影响;观赏、休憩和购物行为主要受多维空间品质影响,步行行为主要受物理环境影响。为古镇街道空间场景优化提供依据,推动特色小镇中古镇旅游产业健康发展。

杨柳青古镇水岸空间夏季热环境特性研究

为掌握古镇水岸空间的热环境特性,以杨柳青古镇南运河沿岸街区为研究对象,通过对环境参数进行现场实测,分析太阳辐射、下垫面类型、空间围合形式、水体布局以及植被组合方式等因素对热环境的影响程度和作用规律。结果显示:杨柳青古镇水岸空间夏季呈现出高温低湿的热环境特征;夏季在有无遮阳条件下的环境温度相差较大,正午时平均辐射温度大幅增加是导致水岸空间舒适度下降的主要原因;绿化组合与建筑阴影在景观要素中的降温效果最好。根据以上结论提出杨柳青古镇水岸空间热环境改善对策。

基于分形理论的赤水河中下游传统古镇街巷空间地界面形态研究

随着城镇化进程的推进,传统古镇日趋衰落,如何保护和延续其独特的街巷空间形态已引起广泛关注。地界面作为构成传统古镇整体形态肌理的“骨架”,记录了古镇的历史发展、文化传承以及居民的生活记忆。然而,经过长期的局部更新,古镇街巷空间地界面的尺度失去了控制,致使街巷空间形态的识别率逐渐降低。鉴于传统古镇街巷空间的复杂性和地域性,文章基于分形理论的方法,结合数理统计学对古镇街巷空间地界面的形态特征和演变规律进行量化解析,研究所得的分析结果和量化指标可为传统古镇街巷空间地界面形态的保护提供数据支撑和判断依据。

基于多元数据的大理沙溪古镇空间演变研究

山区历史城镇受自然和社会因素影响,往往难以平衡保护和发展的矛盾。文章选择保护实践卓有成效的云南省大理白族自治州剑川县沙溪古镇,从空间及功能2个方面对其演变的规律进行分析和归纳。首先,利用空间句法对集镇的空间形态演变特征进行分析;其次,通过核密度分析城镇功能演变特征;再次,与规划用地布局进行对照,归纳沙溪空间演变的动力机制。最后得到如下结论:1)21世纪以来,沙溪古镇的空间演变分为3个阶段特征;2)沙溪古镇的空间形态变化体现出从单核集聚到双核扩展再到城乡一体化的趋势;3)沙溪古镇的空间功能变化滞后于空间形态变化,应促进新建镇区用地功能的多样化,使功能与空间协调发展。

基于空间句法的罗城古镇街巷空间结构解读

本文基于空间句法理论,完善罗城古镇街巷空间的量化研究。选取关键性指标,对古镇的街巷空间结构进行解读。结果显示:1.船型街是罗城古镇的线状空间组构核心,以船型街为代表的主街空间活力高,街道功能属性多元,反映其场所记忆;2.历史文化节点多围绕船型街进行布置,反映了古镇历史、经济、文化活动的状况;3.罗城古镇的空间组织和生长逻辑受商业活动的影响重大,二者相互促进,形成如今的空间格局。最后,文章提出了保持风貌、再现场景的旅游开发策略。

商贸文化视角下龙溪口古镇商业空间类型及其特征研究

龙溪口古镇位于潕水流域少数民族聚集区,明清时期掀起多次移民热潮,当地建筑营造受到多元文化的影响,尤以商贸文化影响为甚,因此形成了一个以汉族为主,侗、苗等其他少数民族杂居的古镇。该文从商贸文化视角切入,梳理古镇贸易形成的商业环境与古镇商业活动类型。通过对古镇的贸易型、生产型、服务型、集会型、文化型、运输型商业空间类型的归类,并分析不同功能性质的商业空间特征,进一步总结其商业空间形态特征,以期为传统商贸古镇的保护与发展奠定基础。

碛口古镇场所精神的空间营造策略

碛口古镇作为古代辉煌的商贸重镇,随着商业的衰败逐渐没落,成为黄河边上即将消失的活遗址。在城市化加速发展的当下,对于这一“失落的空间”,如何使其焕发生机,成为重中之重。场所精神是事物内在独特的精神特性,是人们能够栖居于此的基础。文章以碛口古镇为例进行分析,采用“场所精神”的空间营造方法,从整体场地规划到文化传承再生,试图提出一种营造策略,以期为古镇的保护与发展提供一定的参考。

空间句法视角下的犍为清溪古镇街巷空间结构分析

乐山市犍为清溪古镇位于西南丝绸之路重要支线——“沐源川道”上,古时是重要的驿站古镇。而古镇的街巷空间结构作为其“骨架”,具有特殊的地域文化与自然地理特征,同时承载着重要的历史信息。文章以犍为清溪古镇为例,通过运用空间句法量化方法对古镇的街巷空间进行量化分析,对古镇的规划建设提出参考建议。

浙江省古镇消防安全现状与对策研究

古镇历史悠久,其消防安全现状与现代消防安全技术要求存在显著差距。通过分析浙江省古镇消防车道、防火间距、建筑安全疏散、建筑耐火等级、消防设施、电气火灾隐患等方面的问题,探讨了浙江省古镇消防安全的矛盾与冲突,提出了相应的消防安全措施,并结合具体案例,进一步阐述了浙江省古镇消防安全的现状与对策。

同里古镇空间活力特征及影响因素探析

江南古镇具有重要的景观文化价值与旅游开发价值。研究古镇空间活力有利于揭示人群的聚集规律,从而合理配置古镇功能业态,调控人流时空分布,优化居民与游客在古镇中的体验。文章以同里古镇为例,基于百度热力图工具所提供的动态大数据,经ArcGIS软件可视化处理后,对古镇工作日与周末典型时段的空间活力特征展开研究,发现古镇活力空间呈现出“东西双核成带、南北纵向延伸、周末西核三中心组团”的分布特征;同时,以滨水空间分布与旅游业态分布作为主要指标,探究影响古镇空间活力的重要因素。在此基础上,提出旅游发展下古镇景观动态保护、科学管理的优化策略,为江南古镇的景观保护与旅游可持续发展提供新的思路与借鉴。

空间生产视角下旅游对上海召稼楼古镇空间变迁的影响研究

历史城镇独特的文化遗产旅游价值吸引了众多的游客,召稼楼古镇作为典型的江南水乡集镇,自2010年正式作为景区开放以来接待了大量游客。借助空间生产理论对旅游开发前后的召稼楼古镇空间变迁进行深入分析,从“空间实践”“空间的表征”和“表征的空间”3个维度探究召稼楼古镇空间受旅游影响的变化,并梳理多方力量博弈的空间演变动力机制。协调古镇空间关系并平衡利益相关方是召稼楼发展的基础,未来应发挥居民在古镇发展中的主体作用,通过规划手段达到空间协调利用的目标,实现社区利益与古镇旅游的协同。

空间生产视域下“古”镇旅游的地方营造——以恩施土家女儿城为例

“古”镇是对古镇的模仿与仿制,“古”镇旅游是以“古”镇为空间载体展开的一系列相关旅游活动。该研究将“古”镇旅游的地方营造置入空间生产理论的视域之下,以恩施土家女儿城为案例地,借助扎根理论的编码范式揭示“古”镇旅游地方营造的空间生产逻辑和影响因素。研究表明,空间生产视域下“古”镇旅游地方营造的构成要素为空间定位、规划与设计、管理结构、权力结构、物质空间、宏观环境、文化生产、商业生产、旅游生产、资本循环、日常生活和空间价值,其中,权力结构、文化生产和资本循环是“古”镇空间生产的内生动力;文化生产、商业生产和旅游生产是“古”镇旅游地方营造的三大空间生产类型;“古”镇旅游地方营造的空间生产通过空间表征、空间实践和表征空间三元空间维度的互动实现。该研究可为其他仿古旅游目的地的管理实践提供参考和借鉴。

历史文化型特色小镇空间重构研究——以和顺古镇特色小镇为例

2016年以来,特色小镇建设极大地推进了我国新型城镇化和乡村振兴的进程,其中历史文化型特色小镇建设成效尤为突出。随着文化旅游产业的高速发展,历史文化型特色小镇的生产空间、生活空间和生态空间出现了不同程度的重构。论文采用ArcGIS土地利用转移矩阵分析、PRA参与性农村评估和高清遥感影像相结合的方法,以云南省腾冲市和顺古镇特色小镇为例,通过剖析其土地利用转移过程,系统地研究了特色小镇在“三生空间”层面的重构现象。研究发现,和顺古镇特色小镇物质空间重构总体呈现“三生空间”功能复合,空间藩篱打破延展的重构特征,传统单一空间在内部需求和外部动力的作用下被重构成三类新型复合空间。从实践层面看,在历史文化型特色小镇的建设中应重构出具有本地特色的空间特征,该案例对落实乡村振兴战略具有参考价值。

宜宾市龙华古镇文脉解析及公共空间修补对策研究

历史文化名镇是物质和文化历史性积淀的产物,具有独特的空间格局。随着现代化生活的渗透,古镇的空间结构和历史文化受到影响,古镇面临失去原有地方特色的境遇。文章以文脉为视角进行切入,通过文献考证与实地调研等方法,对宜宾龙华古镇文脉的显性和隐性要素进行梳理分析,总结出以文脉修补为导向的公共空间更新策略,旨在探讨现代化进程中传统名镇的保护方案,实现龙华古镇从公共空间修复到地域文化振兴的发展和延续,以期促进宜宾市历史名镇的保护与可持续发展。