Research on Protection and Development of Traditional Ancient Towns in Southern Sichuan of China—A Case Study of Luocheng Ancient Town in China

Through the field study on Luocheng Town that is a traditional ancient town in Southern Sichuan,the paper has concluded existing resources and current situation of it.After the illustration of the general situation and protection value of Luocheng ancient town,it has analyzed the protection situation and existing problems,and considered that its landscape and environment has been seriously destroyed and architectures have been damaged gravely,protection capitals are lacked and the publicity of ancient towns protection is insufficient.In view of above problems,constructive suggestions have been proposed for the protection and development of ancient towns.It should conduct reasonable protection and planning,adjust functional structure of ancient towns,retain the completeness and integrity of ancient towns,and enhance and improve residents' protection consciousness,so as to promote the protection and sustainable development of traditional ancient towns in Southern Sichuan.

Spatial Protection and Development of Traditional Mountain Settlements from the Perspective of Self-organization : A Case Study of Anju Ancient Town in Tongliang District, Chongqing

Through literature research, field research and urban design analysis methods, based on the self-organization theory, the evolution characteristics of the settlement space of Anju Ancient Town with significant characteristics of traditional mountain settlements were analyzed, and then its internal and external influencing factors were summarized. Finally, appropriate protection and development strategies were proposed, such as reasonably planning functional zones, breaking through the single structure, and creating a good living cultural environment. The innovation of this study is that it integrates the self-organization theory into the cognition of traditional mountain settlement space, and discusses the connection between the mountain settlement space and the traditional regional context under the modern development concept, so as to seek the benign protection and reasonable development of traditional mountain settlement space.

Intangible Protection of Environmental Spaces in Ancient Towns and Its Significance: a Case Study of Ancient Qijiang Town in Sichuan

The well-preserved small historic cities and towns in China that have went through thousands of years of vicissitudes play a signifi cant role in studying the town history and architectural spaces,and inheriting behavioral cultures of the locals.However,driven by economic profi ts,the current protection and development of ancient towns focus on ancient images,but neglect behavioral cultures and spiritual connotations,lose their evolution sequence and the relationship between tangible and intangible characters.Protection of ancient towns,as the author asserts,means not simple restoration and simulation of ancient buildings,or blind pursuit of new approaches,but equal importance to repairing architectural forms,protecting the environmental spaces,and intangible behavioral cultures and spiritual connotations of the locals that have been or will be lost in the history.It is the signifi cance of protecting ancient town environment and its history and culture.

Integrated Development of the Tourism and Protection of Ancient Towns

Local color is not only the cultural counter in the competition between cities,but the main cultural element that attracts foreign tourists.In recent years,many cities have regarded tourism development as a major mean of reviving ancient towns.The excavation of local culture,material reconstruction of local characteristics,and the resurgence and"reproduction"of local industries have become an important work in the tourism development of ancient towns.Apart from the discussion of the protection,inheritance,and touristification of tangible cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage,this paper demonstrated the possibility of the integration and production capacity of local characteristic industry resources and analyzed the impact of the integrated development on the lifestyle and living atmosphere of residents in the ancient towns.In this paper,ways to realize the integrated development of the tourism and protection of ancient towns were included as follows:(1)to ensure the principal status of local residents and give full play to their initiatives;(2)to protect the local traditional way of life and improve the public service system;(3)to choose the appropriate development pattern and achieve the diversified development;(4)to improve service facilities in tourism and adjust the structure of tourism products.

Research Progress of Water Environment Protection in Historical and Cultural Towns and Villages

This study reviews research papers on the protection of water environment in historical and cultural towns and villages,summarizes present research tendencies from the perspectives of definition,classification and selection of water environment in historical and cultural towns and villages,influence of water environment on these towns and villages,proposes suggestions for improvement,and concludes characteristics and deficiencies of these researches,in order to provide references for future water environment protection in similar sites.

Research on Protection and Utilization of Architectural Cultural Heritage in Canal Towns:A Case Study of Daokou Ancient Town

Architectural heritage is an important part of China’s brilliant national culture.As the carrier of material and spiritual civilization in a specific region and historical period,architectural heritage has witnessed people’s daily life,cultural customs and spiritual civilization activities.Taking Daokou Ancient Town on the riverside of the Grand Canal as an example,this paper analyzes the location,development trend,external traffic,architecture and cultural heritage value of the ancient town,and finds that there are problems such as economic depression,prominent constructive destruction,improper restoration of historical blocks and lack of public space through field investigation and visits.Some protection and utilization strategies and suggestions for stimulating economic development,overall planning,overhauling historical blocks and reshaping public space are put forward,in order to provide reference significance and help for the protection of architectural cultural heritage of Daokou Ancient Town.

Protection and Development Strategies of Historic Town——A Case Study of the Ancient Daxu Town,Guilin,China

Historic town was stressed as an important base of succeeding local cultures and characteristics,features and modes of protecting and developing historic towns in China were studied and summarized.By taking the Ancient Daxu Town for an example,the protection of this ancient town was introduced,and deficiencies of its development were pointed out as:loss of "original" behaviors of the locals,commercial acts replacing "original" folk customs,incomplete tourist facilities,shabby traditional settlements and so on.In view of this,strategies for protecting and exploring the ancient town were proposed:properly making protection,construction and tourism planning,determining the direction of functional shift,realizing organic renovation of the old town,enhancing the planning and construction of tourist facilities,promoting the sustainable development of the ancient town;expanding the chain of tourism industry,strengthening regional integration;encouraging the locals to participate into the protection and development;applying the operation mode of "supervised by government,operated by enterprises,participated by locals".

Protection and Rural Tourism Development of Ancient Wuji Town in Hengdong County of Hunan Province,China

Wuji Town,which is located by the east of Mt.Hengshan(one of the Five Mountains in China),and the side of Mishui River(a principal east-west water transport in ancient central and southern regions of Hunan),once was an important commercial town and a political,economic and cultural center in the lower and middle reaches of Mishui River due to the particular historical opportunities.Its tourist resources are characterized by "integrated natural scenery and ancient town,highly concentrated scenic spots,prosperous business in the history,row upon row of stores and workshops,numerous temples and ancestral halls,and various festivals".It was proposed that the protection and rural tourism development of Wuji Town should be based on consciousness raising,unification of concepts,scientific planning,application of integrated protection means,and development of regional clusters on the basis of famous mountain and city.

The Research on Protection of Historical and Cultural Towns and Villages in China

After the discussion of the protection process and significance for historical and cultural towns and villages and the introduction of survey and theoretical researches on them,five modes had been divided for the protection of historical and cultural towns and villages in China,which were original appearance protection,renovated utilization protection,removal protection,antique imitation development and real estate development.It had pointed out problems existing in historical and cultural villages' protection,which were that policies and regulations were incomplete and protective measures were laggard;leaders decided blindly and neglected experts' opinions;immediate interest had been highlighted and sustainable development been overlooked,capitals were lacked and management was disordered,and the publicity was insufficient and the masses had no high protection consciousness.On this basis,it had discussed the protection of historical and cultural towns and villages in the future,emphasized the completion of regulatory system and management mechanism,enhance capital investment and publicity education,and deeply explore material cultural heritages and non-material cultural heritages in historical and cultural villages,finally further studying the theories and cases.

Preliminary Study of Ancient Town Protection and Rural Tourism Development of Caoshi Town in Hengdong County,Hunan Province

The typical style and features of mountains and waters in Caoshi Ancient Town,have hitherto been well preserved. Caoshi Ancient Town boasts superior base of the natural eco-environment and deep-rooted background of regional culture,where mountains,waters,shoals,towns and other landscape elements are merged harmoniously,the transportation and geographical conditions have been fundamentally changed. Ancient towns,old temples,ancient forests,ancient wells and ancient piers are unique in different ways,with characteristics of tourism resources such as long history and ancient folklore. It should seize the historical opportunity of China vigorously developing rural tourism based on the construction of the new socialist countryside,to make characteristic agricultural economy gain ground; assume the leading role to drive the development of tourism economy in surrounding areas; correctly handle the relationship between development and protection to walk the path of sustainable development of tourism.

Exploration of the “Living” Protection of Historic Blocks in South of the Yangtze River——A Case Study of Ancient Shajiabang Town, Changshu City

Historic blocks that focus only on protection of tangible constructed environment have shown various disadvantages and gradually lost their originality, according to the investigation. Protection of historic blocks should attach more importance to maintaining original lifestyles and community customs, protecting intangible contents and cultural diversity. The authors proposed that protection of historic blocks should follow the principle of "putting protection and repair on the top priority, using reasonably" and stress the "living" protection. There are three patterns of "living" protection, specifically, joint participation of local residents, construction of education base, moderate tourism development. Vitality of local economy can be enhanced and social humanistic environment protected effectively by improving the locals' living environment, so as to show true care for the people living in the historic block, and bring historic blocks to the real life.

Protection and Renovation Strategies for Ancient Town Architectural Space Design from the Perspective of Place Spirit Theory:A Case Study of Hekou Ancient Town,Yanshan County of Jiangxi Province

The protection and renovation of ancient town space design has been widely concerned by all walks of society and professionals of all disciplines.However,in the process of design protection and renovation,there are various serious problems such as lack of the core functions are weak,loss of historical context protection,and disappearance of architectural space design features.As an important commercial transportation hub town in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Hekou Ancient Town has become increasingly weak.From the perspective of the place spirit(Genius Loci)theory,this paper followed the design principle of"use function enhancement,spatial feature extension and life situation experience",and elaborated the strategies of space protection and renovation of Hekou Ancient Town design from three aspects:spatial pattern,landscape restoration and landscape node reconstruction,in the hope of enhancing the depth of the inheritance and development of the spiritual culture of ancient towns in China.

Exploration of the Protective Development Model of Ancient Towns in Metropolitan Suburbs: A Case Study of Xinchang Ancient Town in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai

The protection of ancient towns has become a crucial link in the coordinated regional development in China.On the basis of the field investigation,this paper took Xinchang Ancient Town in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai for example to analyze the existing problems in the protection and development of ancient towns,such as narrow economic base,loss of aboriginal culture and vague orientation of urban-rural function,and proposed a protective development model stressing the synergetic development of culture,economy and ecology.That model was designed to enhance local economic competitiveness through the multi-industry linkage,encourage the mass participation,reshape local cultural identity,improve regional ecological environment and optimize the function of Xinchang Ancient Town so that the protection of ancient towns is integrated into the top-level design of the regional comprehensive development.

Protection and Inheritance of Native Culture in the Landscape Design of Characteristic Towns

Chinese culture has a long history. Native culture, as an important part of China's traditional culture heritage, is rich in variety. In characteristic towns, native culture has strong local characteristics, and its protection and heritage has great value. This paper aimed to inherit traditional culture, protect the local characteristics of the towns, endow the town landscape with a unique cultural value, enhance people's cultural cohesion and identity of local culture and create characteristic towns with strong cultural characteristics.

Strategies to Protect Ancient Towns with Intangible Cultural Heritage Based on AVC Theory:A Case Study of Xuwan Town,Jinxi County

Intangible cultural heritage is not only the essence of ancient town culture,but the core content of ancient town protection.In this paper,Xuwan Town in Jinxi County of Jiangxi Province was taken for example for explore the impact of woodblock printing on the spatial pattern of ancient towns and analyze the problems in their development,and strategies to protect ancient towns with intangible cultural heritage were put forward to provide references for the protection and heritage of ancient towns.

Study on Architectural Landscape in Ancient Townships of West Sichuan——A Case Study of Huanglongxi Town in Chengdu City of China

Through the field investigation of a typical ancient town in west Sichuan,Huanglongxi Town in Shuangliu County of Chengdu City,Fengshui orientations,characteristics of folk dwellings,the Hakkas buildings and stilt-building culture in the study area were analyzed from the perspectives of geographical location,overall layout and residential culture.The representative layouts of ancient Fengshui doctrines were stressed,such as "carrying the yin at its back and the yang in front,backing on mountains and facing water","four gods at four directions"(Azure Dragon in the left,White Tiger in the right,Black Tortoise at back and Vermilion Bird in front).Moreover,primitive architectural style and rhythm of the continuous rows of buildings,"seven streets and nine lanes",and overhanging eaves in the ancient Huanglongxi Town were demonstrated.The study is of great referential value for researches on architectural landscapes of ancient towns in west Sichuan,and modern architectural landscape designs.

Research on Monitoring and Early-warning Standards of Ancient and Famous Trees Protection in the Humble Administrator's Garden

Based on the current situation and symptoms of the trees' growth in the Humble Administrator's Garden,this paper put forward corresponding monitoring and early-warning standards and technical measures of the ancient and famous trees protection in the Humble Administrator's Garden specifically.The aim of doing this is to establish a scientific basis for the protection of the ancient and famous trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden by setting up systematic fundamental data,dynamic protection standard grades and technique measures of protecting the trees.The main symptom of trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden is the erosion and decay of the tree trunks.Fifteen tree trunks need technical protection,which holds 65.22% of the total sum of trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden.Therefore,much more emphasis should be paid in strengthening technical protection procedures of monitoring and early warning of the tree trunks in the future protection of the ancient and famous trees in the garden.Besides,the rejuvenation technique of rooting zone and rooting system,tree pruning technique as well as tree supporting measures according to the specific condition and symptom of the trees should be concerned with in order to protect the ancient and famous trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden in a more scientific and effective way.

Research on Development Mode of Solid Ancient Towns Based on Cultural Reproduction——A Case Study of Zouma Ancient Town in China

The paper had pointed out hollow ancient town was the result of urbanization and desire; and analyzed that hollowness made ancient towns degenerate in nature, economy and social function, seriously blocking the sustainable development of economic society of ancient towns. Based on the connotation and idea of cultural reproduction, in terms of application of basic theories of cultural ecology and restoration ecology, it had established tourism development of solid ancient towns, which had been analyzed specifically from the perspectives of representation of ancient towns'scene, cultural realization and cultural promotion. By taking Zouwa Ancient Town in the west of the main urban area of Chongqing City for example, it had discussed tourism development practice of ancient towns, emphasized making Zouma scene reappear from the aspects of pattern protection, restoration and treatment of ecological environment, ancient towns' protection and cultural facilities' construction, experiencing and publicizing Zouma culture. It also highlighted taking historical and cultural heritages as the theme of tourist products, and proposed development mode of solid ancient towns, realizing reproduction of cultural heritage.

Research on Characteristic Landscape of Ancient Towns in Sichuan of China——A Case Study of Luodai Ancient Town in China

By taking Luodai Ancient Town in Longquanyi District of Chengdu City for example,from the perspective of geological location,historical cultural characteristic and layout,the paper had analyzed layout feature of the ancient town,and emphasized that the ancient people had paid attention to spiritual belief of geomantic omen.By taking "near the mountain and by the river" and "Yin at the back and Yang in front" as important reference,it had analyzed manifestation of geomantic omen in Luodai ancient town,and highlighted the composition feature,scientificness and practicality of "one street and seven lanes" as the traditional layout.Hakka residence and guild buildings were the most characteristic representations of Luodai ancient town.It stressed that Hakka residence was a unique architectural style forming by integrating local natural condition,national belief,and traditional construction technology;and guild building was the characteristic product of fellow townsman contact in Ming and Qing Dynasty.It has selected "WU Family House",Guangdong Guild,Jiangxi Guild and Huguang Guild to analyze architectural characteristics in ancient towns,so as to further study characteristic landscape in Luodai ancient town.

Study on Tourist Attractiveness of Ancient Villages and Towns Based on Cognition of Visitors

Through survey of visitors,relevant data had been acquired.By aid of factor analysis method,computation model of comprehensive tourist attractiveness of ancient villages and towns was established,which had certain theoretical and practical guidance value to rural tourism resources development and market development.