Factors influencing agitation during anesthesia recovery after laparoscopic hernia repair under total inhalation combined with caudal block anesthesia

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic hernia repair is a minimally invasive surgery,but patients may experience emergence agitation(EA)during the post-anesthesia recovery period,which can increase pain and lead to complications such as wound reopening and bleeding.There is limited research on the risk factors for this agitation,and few effective tools exist to predict it.Therefore,by integrating clinical data,we have developed nomograms and random forest predictive models to help clinicians predict and potentially prevent EA.AIM To establish a risk nomogram prediction model for EA in patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia surgery under total inhalation combined with sacral block anesthesia.METHODS Based on the clinical information of 300 patients who underwent laparoscopic hernia surgery in the Nanning Tenth People’s Hospital,Guangxi,from January 2020 to June 2023,the patients were divided into two groups according to their sedation-agitation scale score,i.e.,the EA group(≥5 points)and the non-EA group(≤4 points),during anesthesia recovery.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was used to select the key features that predict EA,and incorporating them into logistic regression analysis to obtain potential pre-dictive factors and establish EA nomogram and random forest risk prediction models through R software.RESULTS Out of the 300 patients,72 had agitation during anesthesia recovery,with an incidence of 24.0%.American Society of Anesthesiologists classification,preoperative anxiety,solid food fasting time,clear liquid fasting time,indwelling catheter,and pain level upon awakening are key predictors of EA in patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia surgery with total intravenous anesthesia and caudal block anesthesia.The nomogram predicts EA with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of 0.947,a sensi-tivity of 0.917,and a specificity of 0.877,whereas the random forest model has an AUC of 0.923,a sensitivity of 0.912,and a specificity of 0.877.Delong’s test shows no significant difference in AUC between the two models.Clinical decision curve analysis indicates that both models have good net benefits in predicting EA,with the nomogram effective within the threshold of 0.02 to 0.96 and the random forest model within 0.03 to 0.90.In the external model validation of 50 cases of laparoscopic hernia surgery,both models predicted EA.The nomogram model had a sensitivity of 83.33%,specificity of 86.84%,and accuracy of 86.00%,while the random forest model had a sensitivity of 75.00%,specificity of 78.95%,and accuracy of 78.00%,suggesting that the nomogram model performs better in predicting EA.CONCLUSION Independent predictors of EA in patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia repair with total intravenous anesthesia combined with caudal block include American Society of Anesthesiologists classification,preoperative anxiety,duration of solid food fasting,duration of clear liquid fasting,presence of an indwelling catheter,and pain level upon waking.The nomogram and random forest models based on these factors can help tailor clinical decisions in the future.

Regional Block Anesthesia in Breast Surgery: What Do We Know So Far?

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, and pain following mastectomy is a major post-surgical complication. This paper highlights the risk factors for chronic pain in breast surgery and evaluates various regional block techniques used to reduce post-operative pain, and minimize hospital stays in high-risk patients. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of novel regional anaesthesia techniques in an enhanced recovery context, and to assess their role in preventing or reducing chronic pain.

Postoperative Analgesia and Cesarean Section under General Anesthesia: Multicenter Study

Background: Neuraxial anesthesia with intrathecal morphine is the reference technique in cesarean section anesthesia for the management of postoperative analgesia. If there is a contraindication to this, general anesthesia is required. The objective of the study was to evaluate the analgesic effectiveness of 4 analgesic techniques performed during cesarean section under general anesthesia in two centers with different anesthetic practices (North Franche Comté Hospital and Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Training Hospital). Method: This is a retrospective and descriptive study over 2 years, from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. It involved evaluating the analgesic effectiveness and tolerance of morphine in the epidural catheter, wound infiltration, intravenous analgesia and Transversus Abdominous Plane block (TAP block) from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) until the 4th post-operative day. Results: Of the 354 cesarean sections performed, 84 (11.14%) received general anesthesia. The average age was 32.27 years. Acute fetal distress was the first indication for cesarean section (45.2%), followed by hemorrhagic placenta previa (10.7%) and prolapse of the cord (8.33%). Morphine in the epidural catheter was the most used (47.6%) followed by parietal infiltration (36.9%), intravenous analgesia (13.1%) and TAP block (2.38%). The analgesic effectiveness was comparable between the techniques from postoperative day 0 to day 4. No difference in side effects. Postoperative morphine consumption was significantly reduced (p = 0.011) in the infiltration (9 mg) and TAP block (9mg) groups compared to the epidural catheter (16 mg) and intravenous analgesia (17 mg). No difference in 02 rehabilitation criteria (ambulation, first bowel movement). No difference in the occurrence of chronic pain. Conclusion: In the event of a cesarean section under general anesthesia, there are effective and well-tolerated alternatives to neuraxial anesthesia, particularly regional anesthesia techniques (nerve blocks), particularly in countries with low availability of morphine.

Ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block anesthesia on the stress response and hemodynamics among lung cancer patients

BACKGROUND Thoracic surgery for radical resection of lung tumor requires deep anesthesia which can lead to an adverse inflammatory response,loss of hemodynamic stability,and decreased immune function.Herein,we evaluated the feasibility and benefits of ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block anesthesia,in combination with general anesthesia,for thoracic surgery for lung cancer.The block was performed by diffusion of anesthetic drugs along the paravertebral space to achieve unilateral multi-segment intercostal nerve and dorsal branch nerve block.AIM To evaluate the application of ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block anesthesia for lung cancer surgery to inform practice.METHODS The analysis was based on 140 patients who underwent thoracic surgery for lung cancer at our hospital between January 2018 and May 2020.Patients were randomly allocated to the peripheral+general anesthesia(observation)group(n=74)or to the general anesthesia(control)group(n=66).Patients in the observation group received ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block anesthesia combined with general anesthesia,with those in the control group receiving an epidural block combined with general anesthesia.Measured outcomes included the operative and anesthesia times,as well as the mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),and blood oxygen saturation(SpO;)measured before surgery,15 min after anesthesia(T1),after intubation,5 min after skin incision,and before extubation(T4).RESULTS The dose of intra-operative use of remifentanil and propofol and the postoperative use of sufentanil was lower in the observation group(1.48±0.43 mg,760.50±92.28 mg,and 72.50±16.62 mg,respectively)than control group(P<0.05).At the four time points of measurement(T1 through T4),MAP and HR values were higher in the observation than control group(MAP,90.20±9.15 mmHg,85.50±7.22 mmHg,88.59±8.15 mmHg,and 90.02±10.02 mmHg,respectively;and HR,72.39±8.22 beats/min,69.03±9.03 beats/min,70.12±8.11 beats/min,and 71.24±9.01 beats/min,respectively;P<0.05).There was no difference in SpO;between the two groups(P>0.05).Postoperative levels of epinephrine,norepinephrine,and dopamine used were significantly lower in the observation than control group(210.20±40.41 pg/mL,230.30±65.58 pg/mL,and 54.49±13.32 pg/mL,respectively;P<0.05).Similarly,the postoperative tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-6 levels were lower in the observation(2.43±0.44 pg/mL and 170.03±35.54 pg/mL,respectively)than control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block anesthesia improved the stress and hemodynamic response in patients undergoing thoracic surgery for lung cancer,with no increase in the rate of adverse events.

Effect of subarachnoid nerve block anesthesia on glutamate transporte GLAST and GLT-1 expressions in rabbits

Objective: To observe the effect of subarachnoid nerve block anesthesia on glutamate transporter glutamate-aspartate transporter(GLAST) and GLT-1 expressions in rabbits, and to investigate the effect of peripheral nerve anesthesia on the morphology and function of the spinal cord. Methods: Twenty healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group and control group; with 10 rabbits in each group. For spinal nerve anesthesia, 5 g/L of bupivacaine was used in the experimental group, and sterile saline was used in the control group. After 30 min of cardiac perfusion, GLAST and GLT-1 protein expression in spinal neurons were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. Results: GLAST and GLT-1 protein-positive cells increased in neurons in the experimental group, compared with the control group(P<0.05). Conclusions: After subarachnoid nerve block anesthesia, rabbit glutamate transporter GLAST and GLT-1 expression is increased; and spinal cord nerve cell function is inhibited.

Lumbar-Sacral Plexus Block Anesthesia versus General Anesthesia for Total Hip Arthroplasty: Case Control Study

Background: Peripheral block techniques for total hip arthroplasty have been used as an analgesic strategy, only a few studies described it as an anesthetic technique, so the perioperative performance and safety are poorly studied. Methods: 78 total hip arthroplasties were prospectively observed in our hospital. Divided into 2 groups: 1) General anesthesia;and 2) Lumbar sacral plexus block anesthesia. Variables measured in both groups were: demographics, conversion to general anesthesia, total opioid doses, surgical time, blood loss, postoperative pain, use and total dose of vasopressors drugs, transfusion and ICU transfer needs, postoperative ambulation time, and length of hospital stay. T student and chi-square tests were used upon the case. A significant difference was considered when a value of p < 0.05 was obtained. Descriptive statistics were performed in frequency, percentages, variance and standard deviation. Results: 3 patients (7.3%) anesthetized with combined lumbar sacral plexus block were converted to general anesthesia. When comparing peripheral nerve block and general anesthesia, less intraoperative (p = 0.000) and postoperative (p = 0.002) opioid consumption were noted, less postoperative pain in PACU (p = 0.002) and in the first 24 hours (p = 0.005), as well as earlier onset of ambulation (p = 0.008) and shorter hospital stay (p = 0.031). Conclusions: In our study, the lumbar and sacral plexus block anesthesia technique provided anesthetic conditions to perform hip joint arthroplasty and it was proved to be advantageous in comparison to general anesthesia.

Case Report: Rare Presentations of Accidental Subdural Block in Labor Epidural Anesthesia

The incidence of accidental injection or catheterization of the subdural space during performance of a neuroaxial block has recently increased. It can occur even when an experienced practitioner performs the neuraxial procedure. The presentation of numerous unexplainable clinical signs in the process of continuous epidural anesthesia, which do not fit the clinical picture of subarachnoid or intravascular injection, should envoke a high suspicion for unintentional subdural block. We report two cases of patients who achieved prolonged labor analgesia via epidural technique with only half the initial loading dose of local anesthetic. Both patients also had short episodes of hypotension. Additionally, one patient presented with severe hypoxemia and mild motor block of both upper and lower extremities. The other patient presented with transit unresponsiveness without motor block. Both patients rapidly responded to vasopressors. Desaturation in one patient, however, was persistent lasting for more than four hours. Her bedside chest X-ray was inconclusive “possible pulmonary edema” and the follow up Chest CT Scan on the second day revealed aspiration pneumonia. Based on the clinical findings, these two cases were suggestive of subdural block with cranial nerve involvement.

Combined Sciatic-Lumbar Plexus Block with General Anesthesia: Efficacy in Preventing Tourniquet-Induced Hemodynamic Changes

Background: Pneumatic arterial tourniquet is a utilized strategy in limb surgeries to provide bloodless field to facilitate surgical procedure. Be that as it may, arterial tourniquet has numerous injurious impacts including hemodynamic changes and tourniquet-induced pain which sometimes can be severe and intolerable. Objectives: Our primary aim was to assess the impact of performing “Lumbar Plexus Block and sciatic nerve block” with General Anesthesia (GA) on the degree of arterial tourniquet-induced hemodynamic effects. On the other hand, our secondary aims were: amount of postoperative analgesic prerequisites, patient satisfactory score and documented side effects. Settings and Design: Ain Shams University, Orthopedic operating theatre;a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Methods and Material: The physical status of 50 patients (both sexes) including I and II patients from American Society of Anesthesiologists, whose ages are from 20 - 40 years, is not so ideal when they are undergoing elective knee Arthroscopy. The duration lasts no more than ninety minutes under GA with application of tourniquet. Patients were allotted haphazardly to one of two groups. In Group C (Control group): Only GA. In Group B: LPB and sciatic nerve block were performed just before GA administration. Intraoperative hemodynamics was recorded at specific timings. Results: Incidence of tourniquet induced hypertension (TIH) was markedly less with Group B at: forty five, sixty, seventy five mins after tourniquet inflation and just before tourniquet deflation. Also, the total ketorolac consumption during first 24 hours of postoperative period was significantly less with Group B (p Conclusions: Combined Sciatic-Lumbar plexus blocks when combined with general anesthesia were very effective in attenuating TIH.

Comparison of Patient Satisfaction between Brachial Plexus Block (Axillary Approach) and General Anesthesia for Surgical Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures: A Historical Cohort Study

Background: Distal radius fracture surgery is performed under general (GA) or regional anesthesia with brachial plexus block (NB). Whether anesthesia type affects patient outcomes is unclear. This study retrospectively compared patient satisfaction between GA and NB after surgery. Methods: This was a historical cohort study of 80 (34 GA and 46 NB) patients who underwent volar plate fixation of distal radius fractures. Propensity score analysis was used to generate a set of matched cases (NB) and controls (GA), yielding 14 matched patient-pairs. The simplified patient satisfaction scale was compared for primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes were anesthesia and surgery duration, hospital stay length, adverse events, postoperative analgesic requirement, and wrist range of motion (ROM) 2 weeks and 3 months postoperatively. Results: After propensity score matching, patients in almost all cases in both groups were “Satisfied” (effect size: 0.1, p = 0.572), indicating little significant difference. Significant differences in adverse events and postoperative analgesic use observed before matching disappeared after matching. Anesthesia duration and hospital stay length were significantly shorter in the NB group (effect size: -1.27 and -0.77, p = 0.00074 and p = 0.0388, respectively), as was surgery duration (effect size: -0.84, p = 0.0122) after matching. Similar to before matching, wrist ROM significantly improved in the NB group (effect size: 1.11, p = 0.0279) in the early postoperative period, but the difference disappeared at 3 months postoperatively. Conclusions: Patient satisfaction between distal radius fracture surgery under GA and NB was similar. Nerve block could help shorten hospital stay length and surgery duration and improve postoperative functional recovery.

Peripheral Nerve Block Combined with Epidural Anesthesia for Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia Repair in a Patient with Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Report

Background: Invasive mechanical ventilation worsens prognosis in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To avoid complications in these patients, anesthesia should be carefully considered. Case presentation: A 78-year-old man with COPD presented with dyspnea and pain from the epigastric to the umbilical regions. He was diagnosed with left incarcerated inguinal hernia and underwent radical inguinal hernia repair and surgical ileus treatment. To avoid general anesthesia with tracheal intubation, epidural anesthesia was combined with peripheral nerve blocks. An epidural catheter was inserted from T12/L1, and ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric and genitofemoral nerve blocks were performed under ultrasound guidance. No post-surgery complications or pain symptoms were noted. Conclusions: General anesthesia would likely have been challenging due to the patient’s COPD;however, management of peritoneal traction pain is difficult using peripheral nerve block alone. By combining epidural anesthesia with peripheral nerve blocks, we safely performed a procedure in a patient with severe COPD while avoiding invasive positive pressure ventilation.

不同镇痛方法用于髋部或股骨干骨折患者椎管内麻醉摆放体位时镇痛效果的网状Meta分析

目的采用网状Meta分析系统评价不同镇痛方法用于髋部或股骨干骨折患者椎管内麻醉摆放体位时的镇痛效果。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、EMbase、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网、维普、万方,检索时间为建库至2022年8月,纳入髋部或股骨干骨折患者摆放体位和椎管内麻醉时实施镇痛的随机对照研究。由两名研究员独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和偏倚风险评价,采用Stata 17.0和RevMan 5.3软件进行统计分析。结果共纳入28篇文献,患者1773例。累计排序概率曲线下面积(SUCRA)显示,降低摆放体位时VAS疼痛评分PENG阻滞(94.4%)效果最佳,其次是FIB联合IVA(83.8%)和FIB(71.1%);降低椎管内麻醉时VAS疼痛评分PENG阻滞(98.2%)效果最佳,其次是FIB(71.1%)和FNB(55.6%);缩短椎管内麻醉操作时间PENG阻滞(84.1%)效果最佳,其次是FNB(70.7%)和FIB(68.5%);升高体位摆放质量评分PENG阻滞(99.1%)效果最佳,其次是FIB(73.1%)和FNB(52.9%)。结论神经阻滞或神经阻滞联合IVA可降低髋部或股骨干骨折患者体位摆放和椎管内麻醉时VAS疼痛评分、缩短麻醉操作时间和升高体位摆放质量评分。PENG阻滞对髋部或股骨干骨折患者摆放体位和椎管内麻醉时实施镇痛的效果最佳。

规范化超声引导神经阻滞技术穿刺要素的教学效果

目的 探讨规范化超声引导神经阻滞技术穿刺要素的教学效果。方法 选择2023年1月至6月首都医科大学宣武医院疼痛科60名进修医生为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组,各30名。试验组采用规范化超声引导穿刺要素教学,对照组采用传统方式教学。通过理论考试,模拟操作和问卷调查评价教学效果。结果 试验组理论考试得分高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组穿刺时间短于对照组,穿刺针显影评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组满意度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 规范化超声引导神经阻滞技术穿刺要素取得良好的教学效果,提高学生学习能力和实践能力。

弓状韧带上腰方肌阻滞复合全身麻醉在肾癌患者手术中的应用

目的探讨弓状韧带上腰方肌阻滞复合全身麻醉在肾癌患者手术中的应用效果。方法前瞻性纳入118例肾癌患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为2组,各59例。2组患者均行腹腔镜下根治性肾切除术治疗,对照组实施全身麻醉,观察组实施弓状韧带上腰方肌阻滞复合全身麻醉。比较2组术中血流动力学(心率、平均动脉压)、苏醒后疼痛程度[采用疼痛强度数字分级法(NRS)评估]变化情况,比较2组患者术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼使用量及术后24 h内镇痛泵按压次数,记录2组术后不良反应发生情况。结果2组T_(0)时心率及平均动脉压对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时的心率及平均动脉压均低于T_(0)时,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时心率及平均动脉压变化不明显,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但对照组T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时心率及平均动脉压波动较大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组苏醒后2、6、12 h NRS评分均呈上升趋势,至苏醒后24 h均呈下降趋势,但与对照组相比,观察组各时点NRS评分均较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,观察组术中丙泊酚及瑞芬太尼使用量较少,术后镇痛泵首次按压时间较长,术后24 h内镇痛泵按压次数较少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与单纯全身麻醉相比,肾癌手术患者术中使用弓状韧带上腰方肌阻滞复合全身麻醉可达到更好的麻醉效果,有利于维持血流动力学稳定性,减轻术后疼痛,延长术后镇痛时间,减少镇痛药物使用量,并降低术后不良反应发生率。

超声引导下腰丛神经阻滞联合静吸复合全身麻醉在老年髋关节置换术中的应用效果

目的:探讨超声引导下腰丛神经阻滞联合静吸复合全身麻醉在老年髋关节置换术中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年5月—2021年9月于肇庆市第一人民医院行髋关节置换术的老年患者50例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各25例。对照组行静吸复合全身麻醉,观察组行超声引导下腰丛神经阻滞联合静吸复合全身麻醉。比较两组麻醉效果。结果:观察组手术时间短于对照组、出血量少于对照组,深静脉血栓(DVT)发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术前(T_(0))、麻醉开始1 h、手术结束后1 h(T_(2))时凝血活酶生成时间(R-CK)、凝固时间(K)、凝血块强度(G)、血栓最大值(MA)、凝血综合指数(CL)、血栓最大值确定后30 min血凝块幅度减少速率(LY30)值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组T_(2)时的R-CK、K、G值低于T_(0),MA、CL、LY30值高于T_(0),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:超声引导下腰丛神经阻滞联合静吸复合全身麻醉在老年髋关节置换术中的应用效果较好,能够缩短手术时间,减少患者出血量,降低DVT发生率。

艾司氯胺酮联合超声引导下TPVB对胸腔镜全麻手术患者术后恢复的影响

目的探讨艾司氯胺酮联合超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞(TPVB)对胸腔镜全麻手术患者术后恢复的影响。方法选择2021年1月至2023年8月于郑州大学附属河南省胸医院接受胸腔镜手术的98例患者展开研究,按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各49例。对照组患者采用超声引导下TPVB联合全麻,观察组患者在对照组基础上联合艾司氯胺酮麻醉。比较两组患者的围术期情况、镇痛效果及躁动发生率,比较两组患者术后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h的视觉模拟评分(VAS),术前、术后48 h的血清β-内啡肽(β-EP)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平及术后并发症发生率。结果两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、拔管时间、麻醉恢复室停留时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者术后镇痛泵按压次数、术后舒芬太尼用量及躁动发生率分别为(4.58±1.37)次、(56.11±12.05)μg、6.12%,明显少(低)于对照组的(6.03±1.65)次、(67.36±13.29)μg、20.41%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h的VAS评分分别为(3.23±0.87)分、(3.04±0.75)分、(2.67±0.64)分、(2.23±0.59)分,明显低于对照组的(3.74±0.91)分、(3.51±0.69)分、(3.05±0.58)分、(2.94±0.63)分,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后48 h的血清β-EP、PEG2水平分别为(118.56±14.52)pg/mL、(18.74±2.30)pg/mL,明显低于对照组的(130.29±15.17)pg/mL、(22.63±2.18)pg/mL,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组和对照组患者的并发症总发生率分别为12.24%、8.16%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论司氯胺酮联合超声引导下TPVB在胸腔镜手术全麻患者中的应用效果较好,其有利于患者术后恢复,且并发症发生率低。

罗库溴铵用于帕金森病患者的神经肌肉阻滞效应

目的观察帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)与非PD患者罗库溴铵的神经肌肉阻滞效应。方法纳入年龄18~65岁,美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)Ⅰ~Ⅲ,接受丘脑底核-脑深部电刺激手术的PD患者(PD组)31例和行面神经减压的非PD患者(non-PD组)24例为研究对象。麻醉诱导单次给予罗库溴铵(0.6 mg/kg),采用四个成串刺激(train-of-four,TOF)监测肌松,记录罗库溴铵体内作用时间(the duration of 90%recovery of TOF,DURTOF 90%)、起效时间、临床作用时间、恢复指数和术毕2 h内严重呼吸系统并发症发生情况。结果与non-PD组比较,PD组DURTOF 90%和临床作用时间均显著延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组患者的起效时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PD患者的罗库溴铵DURTOF 90%与病程相关,病程越长,DURTOF 90%越长。2组患者术后均无严重呼吸系统并发症发生。结论PD患者应用罗库溴铵的DURTOF 90%和临床作用时间明显延长,且DURTOF 90%与病程呈正相关。

不同麻醉方式对老年全膝关节置换术早期预后的影响:一项单中心回顾性研究

目的 探讨不同麻醉方式对老年全膝关节置换术后早期预后的影响。方法 回顾性分析2018年10月至2021年9月在我院骨科行单侧全膝关节置换术病人的临床资料,根据麻醉方式分为全身麻醉组(GA组)、复合麻醉组(CA组)、外周神经阻滞组(PNB组)和腰麻组(SA组),与GA组和CA组比较,PNB组和SA组病人美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级,合并症比率更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。记录病人的一般资料、手术时间、麻醉时间、术后恢复室(PACU)观察时间和术后住院天数;记录低血压、血管活性药物泵注、术后24 h补救镇痛、舒芬太尼用量、术后炎性指标和48 h内并发症的发生率。结果 与GA组、CA组比较,PNB组和SA组病人低血压、低氧血症、血管活性药物泵注、急性心肌损伤、术后谵妄、术后恶心呕吐(PONV)、补救镇痛、入住ICU的发生率更低,舒芬太尼用量、炎性指标水平更低,术后PACU观察时间和住院时间缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与GA组比较,CA组术中舒芬太尼用量、术中低血压、血管活性药物泵注和补救镇痛率显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 与全身麻醉和复合麻醉相比,外周神经阻滞和腰麻是老年病人全膝关节置换术推荐的麻醉方式,可以改善早期预后。

超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞麻醉与硬膜外麻醉用于无痛分娩的效果和安全性比较

目的:比较无痛分娩镇痛中超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞麻醉(ESPB)与硬膜外麻醉的效果及安全性。方法:回顾性选取2022年6月至2023年6月入院的80例产妇,参考麻醉方式的不同分为A组(ESPB,40例)与B组(硬膜外麻醉,40例);比较两组产妇的第一产程、第二产程,新生儿Apgar评分(出生时、出生后5min),产妇不良反应(头痛、恶心呕吐、瘙痒、发热)与镇痛前、分娩完成时数字评定量表(NRS)评分。结果:产程:A、B组产妇第一产程比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组第二产程短于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Apgar评分:A、B组新生儿出生时、出生后5min Apgar评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不良反应:A、B组产妇不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。NRS评分:镇痛前,两组产妇NRS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);分娩完成时,两组产妇的NRS评分均明显低于镇痛前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组分娩完成时的NRS评分均低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:无痛分娩镇痛中超声引导下ESPB麻醉与硬膜外麻醉均具有良好效果,安全性高,且超声引导下ESPB麻醉可进一步缩短产妇第二产程时间,止痛效果更佳。

胸椎旁神经阻滞联合静吸复合全麻对老年腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者术后镇痛及认知功能的影响

目的观察胸椎旁神经阻滞(TPVB)联合静吸复合全麻对老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的术后镇痛效果及认知功能的影响。方法选取我院择期LC老年患者58例,按随机数字表法分为联合组和全麻组,全麻组(n=29)给予静吸复合全麻,联合组(n=29)给予TPVB联合静吸复合全麻。比较两组苏醒质量、术后48 h内补救镇痛情况、术后24 h内疼痛评分、术后3 d内认知功能恢复情况。结果联合组苏醒质量高于全麻组(P<0.05),术后患者静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)有效按压次数显著低于全麻组(P<0.05),两组患者补救镇痛率无显著性差异(P>0.05),术后24 h内VAS评分均显著低于全麻组(P<0.05),术后1 d认知功能发生率明显低于全麻组(P<0.05)。结论老年LC患者行TPVB联合静吸复合全麻有利于提高患者苏醒质量,辅助术后镇痛,患者认知功能恢复快,值得推荐。