Conversion factor analysis of self-balanced loading test of cast-in-situ piles based on analogue test method

Based on the characteristics of pile-soil interaction and the Mohr-Coulomb strength theory,a new method of determining the side friction at a pile-soil interaction is proposed.Combined with the actual engineering cases,the effectiveness of the analogue test method is verified by comparing it with the traditional anchor pile method and self-balanced method.Taking the self-balanced test of the bridge pile foundation in the Songhua River as an example,the conversion factor of sandy soil and weathered mudstone are confirmed by the analogue test method.The results show that the conversion factor of sandy soil and weathered mudstone in the Songhua River area should consider the geological conditions and the construction technology,etc.The standard values are relatively conservative.It is suggested that the engineering application should be properly revised.The recommended range of the conversion factor of sandy soil in this area is 0.65 to 0.85,and that of weathered mudstone is 1.0.

Comprehensive understanding of the superior performance of Sm-modified Fe_(2)O_(3)catalysts with regard to NO conversion and H_(2)O/SO_(2)resistance in the NH_(3)-SCR reaction

Sm-doped Fe_(2)O_(3)catalysts,with a homogeneous distribution of Sm in Fe_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles,were synthesized using a citric acid-assisted sol-gel method.Kinetic studies show that the reaction rate for NO_(x)reduction using the optimal catalyst(0.06 mol%doping of Sm in Fe_(2)O_(3))was nearly 11 times higher than that for pure Fe_(2)O_(3),when calculated based on specific surface area.Furthermore,the Fe_(0.94)Sm_(0.06)O_(x)catalyst maintains>83%NO_(x)conversion for 168 h at a high space velocity in the presence of SO_(2)and H_(2)O at 250℃.A substantial amount of surface-adsorbed oxygen was generated on the surface of Fe_(0.94)Sm_(0.06)O_(x),which promoted NO oxidation and the subsequent fast reaction between NO_(x)and NH_(3).The adsorption and activation of NH_(3)was also enhanced by Sm doping.In addition,Sm doping facilitated the decomposition of NH_(4)HSO_(4)on the surface of Fe_(0.94)Sm_(0.06)O_(x),resulting in its high activity and stability in the presence of SO_(2)+H_(2)O.

Conversion relationship of rainfall-soil moisture-groundwater in Quaternary thick cohesive soil in Jianghan Plain,Hubei Province,China

The scientific field test site of rainfall-soil moisture-groundwater conversion in Dabie Mountain Area–Jianghan Plain is located in the northern region of the Jianghan Plain,the transition zone between the Dabie Mountain Area and Jianghan Plain.It’s a great field test site to study the material and energy exchange among rainfall,soil moisture,and groundwater of the Earth’s critical zone in subtropical monsoon climate plain areas.This paper analyzed the connection between rainfall and volume water content(VWC)of soil at different depths of several soil profiles,and the dynamic feature of groundwater was discussed,which reveals the rainfall infiltration recharge of Quaternary Upper Pleistocene strata.The results show that the Quaternary Upper Pleistocene aquifer groundwater accepts a little direct rainfall recharge,while the lateral recharge is the main supplement source.There were 75 effective rainfall events among 120 rainfall events during the monitoring period,with an accumulated amount of 672.9 mm,and the percentages of effective rainfall amount and duration time were 62.50%and 91.56%,respectively.The max evaporation depth at the upper part in Quaternary cohesive soil was no less than 1.4 m.The soil profile was divided into four zones:(1)The sensitive zone of rainfall infiltration within 1.4 m,where the material and energy exchange frequently near the interface between atmosphere and soil;(2)the buffer zone of rainfall infiltration between 1.4 m and 3.5 m;(3)the migration zone of rainfall infiltration between 3.5 m and 5.0 m;and(4)the rainfall infiltration and groundwater level co-influenced zone below 5.0 m.The results revealed the reaction of soil moisture and groundwater to rainfall in the area covered by cohesive soil under humid climate in Earth’s critical zone,which is of great theoretical and practical significance for groundwater resources evaluation and development,groundwater environmental protection,ecological environmental improvement,drought disaster prevention,and flood disaster prevention in subtropical monsoon climate plain areas.

Surface characteristics of chemical conversion coating for Mg-Al alloy

The chemical conversion coating was formed on Mg alloy for low cost and harmlessness in environment by using the colloidal silica as the main component.The film formed at 298 K was thick,which was thought to be the combination of Si and O.In salt spray test,the ratio of black rust on the specimen that did not conducted chemical conversion treatment was five times or more than those of the chemical conversion treated specimen.The film of chemical conversion coating produced by alkali treatment process was thinner than the specimen produced in basic chemical conversion treatment solution.

Electrochemical characteristics and surface morphology in non-chromate chemical conversion coating for Zn-electroplated steel sheets

The corrosion protection property and morphology of colloidal silica conversion films as an alternative to chemical conversion coating(CCC) films were examined. The corrosion behavior was investigated in 3% NaCl solution using electrochemical techniques. Corrosion was implied by the appearance of red rust on the specimen surface. The results show that in 3% NaCl solution, red rust appears at 15-20, 55-70, and 75-85 d on Zn-electroplated steel, colloidal silica conversion-coated specimens, and chemical conversion-coated, specimens, respectively. In the salt spray test, the colloidal silica film provides better corrosion protection than CCC film, i.e., red rust appears at 96 h on the Zn-electroplated steel sheet, at 432 h on the CCC films, and at 888 h on silica conversion coating.

Research activities and recent progresses on synthesis gas conversion

Five catalytic processes and their catalysts will be introduced in my talk. Firstly,the demonstration test(3000 ton/a)results using a novel catalyst Co/SiO2 with egg-shell structure and the strategies for this catalyst preparation based on the issues from the mass transfer of produced wax from F-T synthesis will be discussed. Recent progresses on C2-oxygenate synthesis from syngas over a Rh/SiO2 catalyst and a 10 thousands ton/a demonstration test facility in China will be built in 2010 will be reported in the second section. A naphtha and diesel distillate which cut off the heavier end of S-F-A distribution direct synthesis with low methane selectivity from syngas over a Co/AC1 catalyst and a 10000 ton/a demonstration test with a bubble column slurry reactor will be talked about in this speech. A high α-alcohols of C2-C18 direct synthesis with more than 50 wt% selectivity and low methane and methanol selectivities from syngas over a Co2C/AC2 catalyst,a 3000 ton/a demonstration test with a bubble column slurry reactor and the primary fundamental understandings will be detailedly discussed in the forth section. In situ formation of homogeneous active sites on the surface of supported Rh heterogeneous catalysts and their application in hydroformylation of olefins will be introduced in fifth section.

西南地区东部夏季降水转化率特征及成因分析

利用格点化降水观测数据集(CN05.1)以及ECMWF再分析资料(ERA5),分析1961—2020年夏季西南地区东部(Eastern Southwest China,ESWC)的降水、水汽含量及降水转化率特征,并利用天气学分析方法初步探究地形分布对降水转化率空间分布差异的影响,最后利用中尺度数值模式WRF4.0(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)设计地形敏感性试验验证地形对西南地区东部夏季降水的作用。结果表明:(1)1961—2020年夏季西南地区东部的降水呈现东多西少的分布特征,但水汽含量却在其东南部和西北部存在两个大值区,水汽大值区降水转化率偏低,强降水区与水汽含量大值区分布存在明显差异,通过分析强降水区与水平风场及垂直速度场的形势配合发现地形是导致此差异的重要因素。(2)WRF模式能较好地模拟出西南地区东部夏季降水的空间分布特征,通过地形敏感性试验发现,区域内大娄山、方斗山及大巴山组成的西南-东北向山地地形分布对降水强度有显著影响,地形高度的降低将导致区域东南部降水量显著减少。(3)敏感性试验中将区域地形高度分别降低一半和去除地形后,区域东南部的降水在月时间尺度中将分别减少9.89%和19.90%。地形高度的改变也会引起区域垂直速度、水平风场、水汽输送及水汽辐合量发生改变,当地形高度降低后,上升运动及西南风明显减弱,水汽输送强度降低,水汽辐合量减少,不利于降水形成。

基于FPGA的单光子时间数字转换器设计

针对单光子计数器对高速飞行光子时间测量的高分辨率要求,传统的TDC在时间测量上存在误差较大的不足。本文设计了一种利用FPGA内部逻辑延迟单元Carry4级联构建延迟链的TDC。该方法首先使用子链平均的方式进行数据采样,避免数据“气泡”。其次,结合码密度测试和bin-by-bin校准将各级延迟单元宽度校准至接近均匀宽度,提高系统的测量精度。最后,通过Vivado软件仿真并烧录至ZYNQ7000进行板级测试,实验结果表明,该TDC能够在3 ns的动态时间范围内实现时间分辨率10.91 ps,差分非线性(DNL)范围为[-0.75,1.01]LSB,积分非线性(INL)范围为[-1.74,2.19]LSB。

某核心筒收进水瓶型超高层结构设计关键问题研究

某超高层建筑位于武汉市汉阳区一线滨江区域,整体造型为下大上小逐渐收分的水瓶型,主体结构高度249m,屋面上设51m高塔冠,地上建筑总高度300m。建筑师要求外框柱贴幕墙边布置,导致塔楼大部分柱均为斜柱,在竖向荷载作用下将对楼面体系产生水平分力,设计中通过在楼面梁设置抗拉钢筋及型钢承担水平拉力。核心筒墙体在17、43层进行了转换收进,通过合理的分析及措施,确保了墙体传力路径的合理性。对主体结构进行了风洞试验并进行了相关论证,减小了设计风荷载,节约了结构造价。对结构进行了施工模拟、收缩徐变分析、墙体有限元分析及塔冠分析,结果表明结构设计安全合理。

大型飞机结构强度试验姿态转换与控制

针对以往大型飞机姿态转换过程存在潜在的胶布带脱落、局部失稳以及多种提升设备不协调等风险问题,提出一种大型飞机结构强度试验姿态转换与控制方法。通过设计位移提升装置和全浮动支持平台,确保飞机姿态转换系统安全可靠;应用协调加载控制系统,提出多点协调的位移提升控制方案,实现飞机姿态平稳转换和精准控制;研究飞机姿态实时测量算法,开发可视化监控系统,实现飞机姿态多维变量实时监控。通过全要素测试,验证了所提方法的合理性。试验结果表明:某大型飞机的姿态转换过程实现了多维度可视化监控,与传统方法相比,效率提升了约35%,可靠性及安全性大幅提升。

平板型电极对热离子能量转换特性的测试技术研究

为开展热离子能量转换器基础性能数据的研究,基于平板型电极热离子能量转换基础试验装置建立了针对电极对热电转换特性的测试技术,通过开展W-Mo电极对的热离子发电测试,对所建立的测试技术进行了验证及评价,并分析了热离子发电参数对输出特性的影响规律。结果表明:所建立的测试技术可准确测量发射极有效功函数值;利用热离子基础试验装置测得的W-Mo电极对的最大输出功率密度为5.6 W/cm^(2),对应的发电参数为发射极温度1800 K,铯壶温度577 K,输出电压0.7 V。

光热转换纳米容器的制备及其对环氧涂层自修复性能的影响

以金属有机框架NH_(2)-UiO-66为基础,采用“一锅法”负载缓蚀剂BTA与光热材料TiN,合成后再包覆一层与环氧树脂有较好相容性的聚多巴胺,合成了一种具有光热转换性能的纳米容器PDA@(NH_(2)-UiO-66@BTA/TiN),以达到提高光热性能、阻止缓蚀剂不必要释放的作用。对所得的纳米容器进行形貌表征以及缓蚀剂缓释效果测试,而后将其添加在环氧涂层中进行自修复以及电化学腐蚀测试。结果表明:复合材料具有八面体结构,粒径均匀,聚多巴胺包覆在纳米容器外层后,PDA@NH_(2)-UiO-66@BTA/TiN外壳变厚,外层的聚多巴胺和内层的光热材料TiN能够有效提高纳米容器光热性能,在光照下能够促进缓蚀剂的释放,同时在无光照情况下能够一定程度上阻止内部缓蚀剂的释放。PDA@(NH_(2)-UiO-66@BTA/TiN)作为填料加入环氧树脂后可提高涂层的自修复性能和防腐性能,划痕处的自修复效率达到98.62%,且涂层在光照进行自修复后仍具有较好的防护能力,在3.5%Na Cl溶液中浸泡20 d后阻抗模值依然维持在10~7Ω·cm^(2)以上,且金属基本表面基本没有腐蚀产物。将制备的PDA@(NH_(2)-UiO-66@BTA/TiN)纳米容器添加至环氧涂层中,可显著提升涂层的自修复性和防腐性。

自平衡试桩理论解析转换方法及工程应用

提出一种基桩承载力自平衡测试的解析转换方法,采用有限差分法建立上、下段桩各微段控制方程,通过编程求解上、下桩身各微段处的内力及变位量,代入精确转换公式,将自平衡试桩结果转换为类似传统静载测试荷载(Q)-位移(s)曲线形式,并求解其极限承载力。结合广西来宾裕达梧桐苑3根钻孔灌注桩自平衡法测试工程,应用该解析转换方法对测试结果进行转换。研究表明,3根试桩内力均表现为离加载端较近的土层承担的荷载较大,轴力由加载端向两端衰减程度逐渐减小,且侧摩阻力变化特性呈现双曲线分布。就单桩承载力而言,简化转换方法偏于保守,而解析转换方法考虑了桩侧各层土的性质差异,相比精度可提高约12%。该解析转换方法能准确地反映出上、下段桩身内力分布规律以及桩侧土层承载特性,且可以高效准确地实现承载力的转换,在基桩承载力自平衡测试工程领域具有广泛应用前景。

驱梅汤联合多西环素对梅毒患者免疫炎症反应及外周血单核细胞TLR2、Foxp3 mRNA的影响

目的探讨驱梅汤联合多西环素对梅毒患者免疫炎症反应及外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)Toll样受体2(TLR2)、叉头框蛋白3(Foxp3)mRNA水平的影响。方法选取2016年12月至2020年12月邢台市第二医院收治的107例梅毒患者作为研究对象。采用随机信封法分为常规组(n=53)和实验组(n=54)。常规组采用多西环素治疗,实验组采用多西环素联合驱梅汤治疗。比较两组梅毒滴度快速血浆反应素试验(RPR)转阴率、临床疗效、T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))、PBMCs TLR2、Foxp3 mRNA相对表达量及不良反应发生情况。结果实验组治疗后3、6个月RPR转阴率高于常规组(P<0.05);实验组总有效率高于常规组(P<0.05);治疗30 d后实验组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)高于常规组(P<0.05);治疗30 d后实验组PBMCs TLR2、Foxp3 mRNA相对表达量低于常规组(P<0.05);实验组不良反应发生率低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论驱梅汤联合多西环素治疗梅毒患者能提高转阴率,疗效确切,且安全性较高,这可能与抑制PBMCs TLR2、Foxp3 mRNA表达有关。

单位涌水量的换算方法对比与讨论

《煤炭矿井防治水设计规范》中规定评价含水层富水性,是利用以孔径91 mm、抽水水位降深10 m为准的钻孔单位涌水量来进行评价,而在应用过程时常面临抽水孔径和抽水水位降深不统一的问题。在传统的单位涌水量的换算方法中,通常对3次抽水试验资料进行拟合修正降深,之后进行井径的换算,并且为方便计算假定R_(91)与R_(孔)相同,其计算误差有待于进一步验证。本研究基于前人3次抽水试验实测数据,提出首先采用迭代计算进行井径的换算,并分别计算R_(91)和R_(孔),之后采用MATLAB软件进行Q-S曲线的拟合展开分析。探究结果表明:提出的方法能够分别计算出R_(91)和R_(孔),两种方法计算的单位涌水量分别为0.148 L/(s·m)和0.1303L/(s·m),结果表明将R_(91)与R_(孔)等效处理,会存在一定的误差。

储能PCS叠层母线研究

该研究以储能变流器(PCS)叠层母排就如何降低电感为研究对象,进行了PCS及电感原理、叠层母排导体及绝缘材料选型介绍。通过电容端子排布、电容端子间距、IGBT是否偏心、母排层数等因素对电感的影响进行仿真研究。最后,对叠层母排及组装成子模块进行电气测试。结果表明:电容端纵向布置,N极靠内,电容引脚间距减小,IGBT居中布置且将3层极板改为2层极板,N极板与负极板分布在同一层,电感最优,为5.13 nH,电感降低29%。叠层母排局放测试,局放值为0.1 pC(1 kV,AC)。直流耐压测试,漏电流为0 mA(3 kV,DC)。叠层母排测试电感为5.3 nH,与仿真值保持一致。子模块测试电感为15.06 nH,满足要求。

快速温度变化试验箱能效测试方法探讨

快速温度变化试验箱(以下简称“试验箱”)作为现代材料性能测试和产品可靠性评估的关键设备,其能效性能不仅直接与经济成本紧密相连,更对环境可持续性产生着深远的影响。本文全面而深入地探讨了试验箱的能效测试方法,详尽地阐述了测试条件、测试设备以及具体的测试流程,本研究旨在为评估试验箱在温度变化过程中的能量转化效率提供坚实的数据支撑,进而为提升试验箱的能源利用效率提供有力的理论指引和实践路径。

输电角钢铁塔试验与有限元分析对比方法研究

目前,国内设计研究人员进行了大量的真型铁塔试验,但这些试验大多侧重于对铁塔整体进行承载能力的验证,而对主要受力构件在试验加载情况下的实测内力与理论计算内力进行对比分析的不多,并且在已有的对比分析文献中,构件的试验结果与有限元分析计算结果出入较大的情况比较多。有鉴于此,本文对铁塔主要受力构件进行了理论计算与试验结果的对比方法研究,分析了不同类型构件应力、应变的分布特点,提出了换算内力对比法,将试验应变实测值换算成试验内力值,与有限元分析的理论计算内力值进行对比,得出了较为满意的结果。这一方法对于提升试验成果应用价值,帮助设计人员深刻认识结构传力途径,进一步优化结构设计具有重要意义。

涡流器流量试验不确定度评定及最优公式验证

对现有涡流器流量试验系统实测质量流量进行不确定度评定,发现实测质量流量(W_(a))的扩展不确定度(U_(cw))为3.91%,k=2.626,置信水平为99%,其中环境因素是最大的不确定度分量(u_(ρ)=1.447%)。为此,提出了3种换算公式来减小环境因素的影响,以提高试验精度。对3种换算公式的不确定度传播率公式和试验统计数据结果进行计算和分析,发现3种换算公式均可将试验精度提升到1.0%以内,可满足试验精度要求。换算公式B的扩展不确定度数值最小(U_(SB)=0.582%,k=2.632,置信水平为99%),不确定度大小约是换算前的1/6,因此,使用换算公式B换算后的结果误差更小、精度更高,可为涡流器合格品评定提供可靠的试验数据支撑,具有较好的工程应用价值。

基于单线振动台的角振动试验系统研究

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