Rationalising animal research synthesis in orthopaedic literature

Systematic reviews in orthopaedic literature are frequently criticised for offering inconsistent conclusions.On top of that,high-quality randomized human evidence on crucial orthopaedic topics is more often than not lacking.In this situation,pooling animal literature could offer an excellent insight into unanswered critical clinical questions,thus potentially improving healthcare.In this paper,we sought to present the rationale and basic principles governing meta-analysis of animal research.More specifically,we elaborated on the available evidence-based methods to achieve a scientifically sound animal data synthesis.In addition,we discussed result interpretation,strength of recommendations and clinical implications based on the results of these meta-analytic modalities.

Britain Seeks Compromise on Animal Research

利用动物进行药物活体试验似乎一直被人们认为是天经地义的。然而在英国,人们已经开始注意保护the welfare of lab animals,这方面的极端分子甚至对有关实验室的研究工作人员发动了攻击,毁坏有关设施。面对这一局面,英国政府正在努力采取措施,希望情况能够有所改善。

Impact of systems modelling on agronomic research and adoption of new practices in smallholder agriculture

An analysis of the impact of simulation modelling in three diverse crop-livestock improvement projects in Agricultural Research for Development（AR4D） reveals benefits across a range of aspects including identification of objectives, design and implementation of experimental programs, effectiveness of participatory research with smallholder farmers, implementation of system change and scaling-out of results.In planning change, farmers must consider complex interactions within both biophysical and socioeconomic aspects of their crop and animal production activities.For this, whole-farm models that include household models of food, workload and financial requirements have the most utility and impact.The analysis also proposes improvements in design and implementation of AR4 D projects to improve the utility of simulation modelling for securing positive agronomic and livestock outcomes and lasting legacies.

Quality of reporting and adherence to the ARRIVE guidelines 2.0 for preclinical degradable metal research in animal models of bone defect and fracture:a systematic review

In vivo testing is crucial for the evaluation of orthopedic implant efficacy and safety.However,the translation and reproducibility of preclinical animal experiments are not always satisfactory,and reporting quality is among the essential factors that ensure appropriate delivery of information.In this study,we assessed the reporting quality of in vivo investigations that examined the use of degradable metal materials in fracture or bone defect repair.We employed scientific databases,such as PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang,VIP and Sinomed to screen for in vivo investigations on fracture or bone defect repair using degradable metal materials,and extracted both epidemiological and main characteristics of eligible studies,and assessed their reporting quality using the ARRIVE guidelines 2.0.Overall,263 publications were selected,including 275 animal experiments.The overall coincidence rate of Essential 10(22 sub-items)and Recommended Set(16 sub-items)were 42.0%and 41.5%,respectively.Based on our analysis,the reporting quality of the published in vivo investigations examining fracture/bone defect repair with degradable metal materials was low,and there was a lack of transparent,accurate and comprehensive reporting on key elements of the experimental design and other elements that are meant to avoid bias.

Evaluation of animal biosafety webinar series for professionals working in animal facilities across Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic

Experimental research with animals can help the prevention,cure,and alleviation of human ailments.Animal research facilities are critical for scientific advancement,but they can also pose a higher risk than other biomedical laboratories.Zoonosis,allergic reactions,bites,cuts,and scratches by animals are all substantial concerns that can occur in animal facilities.Furthermore,human error and unexpected animal behavior pose a risk not just to humans,but also to the environment and the animals themselves.The majority of biosafety and biosecurity training programs focus on clinical and biomedical laboratories dealing with human safety factors,with little emphasis on animal biosafety.The current virtual training was designed to improve biosafety and biosecurity capabilities of animal laboratory personnel,researchers,and veterinarians from different regions of Pakistan.The results revealed that understanding was improved regarding triggers for risk assessment in addition to annual and regular reviews(56%to 69%),biosecurity(21%to 50%),decontamination(17%to 35%),safe handling of sharps(21%to 35%),Dual Use Research of Concern(DURC)(17%to 40%),Personal Protective Equipment(PPE)usage by waste handlers(60.9%to 75%),waste management(56%to 85%),animal biosafety levels(40.57%to 45%),and good microbiological practices and procedures(17%to 35%).To bring human and animal laboratories up to the same level in terms of biosafety and biosecurity,it is critical to focus on areas that have been overlooked in the past.Training programs focusing on animal biosafety should be conducted more frequently to strengthen bio risk management systems in animal research facilities.