Composition of Trans-anethol and Other Aromatic Volatiles in Anisated Alcoholic Beverages by Head-Space GC-MS Chromatography

Aniseed distillates, like ouzo in Greece, raki in Turkey, pastis in France, and arak in Syria, are very popular in Mediterranean countries. This flavoured alcoholic beverage is produced by extraction and distillation of fermented grape pomaces with herbal seeds from aromatic plants like Pimpinella anisum L., Foeniculum vulgate, Illicium verum and other plants which are also characterized by the presence of congeners which arise during fermentation process. Trans-anethol and its isomer cis-anethol are the main volatiles and are responsible for aroma properties of these traditional aniseed distillates. The aim of this research work was to find the concentration of special aromatic agent, trans-anethol and cis-anethol and also the major aromatic substances which are responsible for the aromatic quality. The majority of their identified components are isolated by extraction and distillation from different commercial brands and homemade samples. The constituents were identified by GC-MS （gas chromatography-mass spectometry） in this traditional spirit. The major constituents in distilled ouzo extract were also trans-anethol.

Determination and pharmacokinetic study of p-hydroxyphenethyl anisate following intravenous and oral administration in rats by RP-HPLC method

In the present study,we developed a rapid and specific reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic(RP-HPLC)method for the quantification of p-hydroxyphenethyl anisate(HPA),one of the main bioactive constituents of the roots and rhizomes of Notopterygium incisum and N.franchetii,in rat plasma after an intravenous(20 mg/kg,i.v.)and an intragastrical(200 mg/kg,i.g.)administration to rats,respectively.The method involved a plasma clear-up step using liquid-liquid extraction by EtOAc,followed by RP-HPLC separation and detection.Separation of HPA was performed on an analytical DiamonsilTM ODS C18 column with the mobile phase of MeOH-H2 O at ratios of 75:25(v/v)for i.v.and 70:30(v/v)for i.g.administration.The flow-rate was 1.0 mL/min,and UV detection was performed at 256 nm.The calibration curves were linear over the ranges of 0.05-5.0μg/mL(r2=0.9984)for i.v.and 0.5-10.0μg/mL(r2=0.9995)for i.g.administration in rat plasma.The extraction recoveries were in the range of82.01%-87.97%.The intra-and inter-day precisions were between 1.71%and 3.99%,with accuracies ranging from 91.22%to110.5%.The absolute bioavailability of an orally administered HPA in rats was about 48.17%.The developed method was suitable for the determination and pharmacokinetic study of HPA in rat plasma.

中子单粒子效应数据获取系统设计与实现

单粒子效应是一种威胁航天器安全的空间环境效应,为了航天事业的发展,对该效应进行模拟实验尤为重要,中国散裂中子源(CSNS)建设的大气中子辐照谱仪(ANIS)为该实验提供了先进的中子单粒子效应测试与科研平台。基于Qt开发了中子单粒子效应测试系统的数据获取系统软件,应用于ANIS谱仪,通过该软件能够实现对测试系统的配置和监测、数据存储和显示等。通过在实验室和ANIS谱仪的实验结果表明,该数据获取系统软件稳定可靠,可以满足ANIS谱仪单粒子效应测试需求。

Aqueous suspension of anise “Pimpinella anisum” protects rats against chemically induced gastric ulcers

AIM： To substantiate the claims of Unani and Arabian traditional medicine practitioners on the gastroprotective potential effect of a popular spice anise, ＂Pimpinella anisum L.＂ on experimentally-induced gastric ulceration and secretion in rats. METHODS： Acute gastric ulceration in rats was produced by various noxious chemicals including 80% ethanol, 0.2 mol/L NaOH, 25% NaCI and indomethacin. Anti-secretory studies were undertaken using pylorusligated Shay rat technique. Levels of gastric non-protein sulfhydryls （NP-SH） and wall mucus were estimated and gastric tissue was also examined histologically. Anise aqueous suspension was used in two doses （250 and 500 mg/kg body weight） in all experiments. RESULTS： Anise significantly inhibited gastric mu- cosal damage induced by necrotizing agents and indomethacin. The anti-ulcer effect was further confirmed histologically. In pylorus-ligated Shay rats, anise suspension significantly reduced the basal gastric acid secretion, acidity and completely inhibited the rumenal ulceration. On the other hand, the suspension significantly replenished ethanol-induced depleted levels of gastric mucosal NP-SH and gastric wall mucus concentration. CONCLUSION： Anise aqueous suspension possesses significant cytoprotective and anti-ulcer activities against experimentallynduced gastric lesions. The anti-ulcer effect of anise is possibly prostaglandin-mediated and/orthrough its anti-secretory and antioxidative properties.

Chiral Synthesis of 13-Acetyl-12-hydroxy-podocarpane-8,11,13-triene-7-one

An enantioselective synthetic route to (+)-13-acetyl-12-hydroxy-podocarpane-8,11,13-triene-7-one 1a and (-)-13-acetyl-12-hydroxy-podocarpane-8,11,13-triene-7-one 1b was developed from (S)-(-)-alpha -cyclocitral 8a and (R)-(+)-alpha -cyclocitral 8b.

GCC编译器到Trimedia的移植

重点分析介绍了GCC编译器源代码的结构和程序的主要函数功能.并据此提出了移植GCC编译器到多媒体处理器Trimedia的一个方案及介绍了其实现的重点.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Cadmium(Ⅱ) Complex [Cd(H_2O)(CH_3OC_6H_4COO)_2]_n

At room temperature, the reaction of Cd(NO3)24H2O and anisic acid in an ethanol solution affords the cadmium (Ⅱ) complex [Cd(H2O)(CH3OC6H4COO)2]n. The crystal is of monoclinic, empirical formula C16H16O7Cd, Mr = 432.69, space group C2/c with parameters: a = 34.211(2), b = 6.030(2), c = 7.611(3) ? = 95.619(5)? V = 1562.5(9) ?, Z = 4, Dc = 1.831 g/cm3, = 1.434 mm-1, F(000) = 856, R = 0.0215 and wR = 0.0456. 1121 reflections with I ≥ 2s(I) were considered to be observed. Each cadmium atom is seven-coordinate in a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometry. The Cd (Ⅱ) center is doubly bridged with the neighboring Cd centers by anisate ligands to form a four-membered ring with a repeating unit of CdOCdO-. The extended structure and hydrogen-bonding patterns displayed in the complex were studied.

Screening and Identification of Strains Converting Trans-anethole to Anisic Acid

[Objectives] This study was conducted to isolate and screen the bacteria that can convert trans-anethole to anisic acid from star anise and its environmental samples, and identify the bacteria. [Methods] According to the traditional microbial culture method, with trans-anethole as the sole carbon source, through enrichment culture and separation and purification, preliminary screening by thin layer chromatography and re-screening by high-performance liquid chromatography, strains that degraded trans-anethole to produce anisic acid were obtained, and 16 S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic tree construction were performed for genetic analysis. [Results] Eleven strains that degraded trans-anethole to produce anisic acid were obtained, among which strain NT2 that produced anisic acid with a relatively high efficiency was initially identified as Pseudomonas sp. The strain’s trans-anethole degradation rate was 45.41%, and the molar production rate and cumulative concentration of anisic acid were 21.80% and 1.96 g/L, respectively. [Conclusions] Strain NT2 has a strong ability to degrade trans-anethole to produce anisic acid, and can enrich strain resources for degradation of trans-anethole to anisic acid through microbial conversion.

The Effect of the Supplemental Different Levels of Anise Seeds （Pimpinella anisum） in Diet on Broiler Performance

This experiment was conducted at the poultry farm, poultry research station, state board of agriculture research, ministry of agriculture to study the effect of supplemental anise seed on broiler diets. A total of 640 of one-day old unsexed broiler chicks （Cobb） were used in this study. They were randomly distributed to four treatments. Anise seeds were supplemented at the levels of 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% compared with the control group for 49 days. The results showed： there was a significant （P 〈 0.05） increase in the rate of body weight for the two treatments 0.6% and 0.4% of the anise seeds compared with 0.2% and control treatments, body weight gain take the same direction, like in body weight, the highest treatment was 0.6% followed by treatment 0.4% as well as the feed consumption has increased in these treatments than in 0.2% and control treatments, so about feed conversion ratio the treatment 0.6% of the anise seeds recorded the best feed conversion ratio compared with other treatments. Significant decreased in mortality and significant increased in production index by increasing the level of anise seeds in feed. Dressing percentage increased significantly for all treatments using anise seeds and treatment 0.6% recorded highest dressing percentage, from the other hand percentage of abdominal fat decreased significantly by increasing anise seed levels and no significant difference in the percentages of liver, gizzard and heart were recorded in this study. About carcass cuts, the weights of primary cuts （thigh, drum stick, breast） relative to body weight recorded significant increase in the treatments using anise seeds at the expense of secondary cuts （neck, wings, back）. There was a significant decline （P 〈 0.05） for total bacterial （E. coli and Staphylococci） in small intestine in all level of anise seeds （0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%） in ration while the decline of two types of bacteria in colon recorded in 0.4% and 0.6% treatments compared with 0.2~/0 and control treatments. Conclude from this study the possibility of using anise seeds at all levels used in the experiment and the best level that can be used to get the best performance of the positive results of broiler chickens is 0.6%.