Combining prognostic value of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and tumor size reduction ratio in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a common cancer with increasing morbidity and mortality due to changes of social environment.AIM To evaluate the significance of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9)and tumor size changes pre-and post-neoadjuvant therapy(NAT).METHODS This retrospective study was conducted at the Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment,Chongqing University Cancer Hospital.This study specifically assessed CA19-9 levels and tumor size before and after NAT.RESULTS A total of 156 patients who completed NAT and subsequently underwent tumor resection were included in this study.The average age was 65.4±10.6 years and 72(46.2%)patients were female.Before survival analysis,we defined the post-NAT serum CA19-9 level/pre-NAT serum CA19-9 level as the CA19-9 ratio(CR).The patients were divided into three groups:CR<0.5,CR>0.5 and<1 and CR>1.With regard to tumor size measured by both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,we defined the post-NAT tumor size/pre-NAT tumor size as the tumor size ratio(TR).The patients were then divided into three groups:TR<0.5,TR>0.5 and<1 and TR>1.Based on these groups divided according to CR and TR,we performed both overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)analyses.Log-rank tests showed that both OS and DFS were significantly different among the groups according to CR and TR(P<0.05).CR and TR after NAT were associated with increased odds of achieving a complete or near-complete pathologic response.Moreover,CR(hazard ratio:1.721,95%CI:1.373-3.762;P=0.006),and TR(hazard ratio:1.435,95%CI:1.275-4.363;P=0.014)were identified as independent factors associated with OS.CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that post-NAT serum CA19-9 level/pre-NAT serum CA19-9 level and post-NAT tumor size/pre-NAT tumor size were independent factors associated with OS in patients with PDAC who received NAT and subsequent surgical resection.

Targeted anti-cancer therapy: Co-delivery of VEGF siRNA and Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) via cRGD-modified lipid nanoparticles for enhanced anti-angiogenic efficacy

Anti-tumor angiogenesis therapy, targeting the suppression of blood vessel growth in tumors, presents a potent approach in the battle against cancer. Traditional therapies have primarily concentrated on single-target techniques, with a specific emphasis on targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor, but have not reached ideal therapeutic efficacy. In response to this issue, our study introduced a novel nanoparticle system known as CS-siRNA/PEITC&L-cRGD NPs. These chitosan-based nanoparticles have been recognized for their excellent biocompatibility and ability to deliver genes. To enhance their targeted delivery capability, they were combined with a cyclic RGD peptide (cRGD). Targeted co-delivery of gene and chemotherapeutic agents was achieved through the use of a negatively charged lipid shell and cRGD, which possesses high affinity for integrin αvβ3 overexpressed in tumor cells and neovasculature. In this multifaceted approach, co-delivery of VEGF siRNA and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) was employed to target both tumor vascular endothelial cells and tumor cells simultaneously. The co-delivery of VEGF siRNA and PEITC could achieve precise silencing of VEGF, inhibit the accumulation of HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions, and induce apoptosis in tumor cells. In summary, we have successfully developed a nanoparticle delivery platform that utilizes a dual mechanism of action of anti-tumor angiogenesis and pro-tumor apoptosis, which provides a robust and potent strategy for the delivery of anti-cancer therapeutics.

Progress of Immunotherapy Combined with Anti-Angiogenesis Therapy in Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is the most prevalent and fatal cancer in China and even around the world, and many patients are found in the late stage of lung cancer. For the treatment of advanced lung cancer, in addition to traditional chemotherapy modalities, many emerging treatments are increasingly significant, such as immunotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapy, and targeted therapy. An increasing number of studies have now shown that anti-angiogenic therapy improves the immune microenvironment by enhancing tumor immunity through normalization of tumor vessels. Immunization combined with anti-angiogenic therapy can exert synergistic effects and improve the prognosis of patients. This article summarizes the extent of benefit, current clinical study data, and future prospects of immunotherapy combined with anti-angiogenic agents in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.

Antitumor activity of miR-188-3p in gastric cancer is achieved by targeting CBL expression and inactivating the AKT/mTOR signaling

BACKGROUND Altered miR-188-3p expression has been observed in various human cancers.AIM To investigate the miR-188-3p expression,its roles,and underlying molecular events in gastric cancer.METHODS Fifty gastric cancer and paired normal tissues were collected to analyze miR-188-3p and CBL expression.Normal and gastric cancer cells were used to manipulate miR-188-3p and CBL expression through different assays.The relationship between miR-188-3p and CBL was predicted bioinformatically and confirmed using a luciferase gene reporter assay.A Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to associate miR-188-3p or CBL expression with patient survival.A nude mouse tumor cell xenograft assay was used to confirm the in vitro data.RESULTS MiR-188-3p was found to be lower in the plasma of gastric cancer patients,tissues,and cell lines compared to their healthy counterparts.It was associated with overall survival of gastric cancer patients(P<0.001),tumor differentiation(P<0.001),lymph node metastasis(P=0.033),tumor node metastasis stage(I/II vs III/IV,P=0.024),and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage(I/II vs III/IV,P=0.03).Transfection with miR-188-3p mimics reduced tumor cell growth and invasion while inducing apoptosis and autophagy.CBL was identified as a direct target of miR-188-3p,with its expression antagonizing the effects of miR-188-3p on gastric cancer(GC)cell proliferation by inducing tumor cell apoptosis and autophagy through the inactivation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.The in vivo data confirmed antitumor activity via CBL downregulation in gastric cancer.CONCLUSION The current data provides ex vivo,in vitro,and in vivo evidence that miR-188-3p acts as a tumor suppressor gene or possesses antitumor activity in GC.

白细胞介素-38对乳腺癌患者CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞功能的影响

目的探讨白细胞介素-38(IL-38)在乳腺癌患者中的表达及其对CD8^(+)T细胞功能的调控作用。方法纳入2020年7月—2022年9月在新乡医学院第一附属医院就诊的44例乳腺癌患者、25例乳腺良性肿瘤患者和20例对照者。分离所有受试者的血浆和外周血单个核细胞,分离乳腺癌患者肿瘤组织中的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞,纯化CD8^(+)T细胞。应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血浆IL-38蛋白水平,应用实时定量PCR检测组织IL-38 mRNA相对表达量。使用重组人IL-38刺激乳腺癌患者外周血和肿瘤组织分离的CD8^(+)T细胞,建立CD8^(+)T细胞与乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7的共培养系统,通过测定乳酸脱氢酶水平计算靶细胞死亡比例,ELISA法检测培养上清中穿孔素、颗粒酶B、干扰素-γ和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,流式细胞术检测CD8^(+)T细胞的免疫检查点分子表达。结果乳腺癌患者血浆IL-38水平(74.23±19.88 pg/mL)高于乳腺良性肿瘤患者(62.87±16.27 pg/mL,P=0.018)和对照者(61.77±12.75 pg/mL,P=0.013)。乳腺癌患者肿瘤组织中IL-38 mRNA相对表达量显著高于癌旁组织(1.57±0.22 vs.1.00±0.18,P<0.001)。外周血和肿瘤浸润CD8^(+)T细胞诱导靶细胞死亡比例、穿孔素和颗粒酶B分泌在直接接触共培养组中的水平高于间接接触共培养组(P<0.05),但干扰素-γ和TNF-α分泌水平在直接接触共培养组和间接接触共培养组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在直接接触共培养组内,靶细胞死亡比例、穿孔素、颗粒酶B、干扰素-γ、TNF-α在IL-38刺激组中的水平低于无刺激组(P<0.05)。在间接接触共培养组内,靶细胞死亡比例、干扰素-γ、TNF-α在IL-38刺激组中的水平亦低于无刺激组(P<0.05),但穿孔素和颗粒酶B水平在间接接触共培养组内的IL-38刺激组和无刺激组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CD8^(+)T细胞中免疫检查点分子表达水平在无刺激组和IL-38刺激组之间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者中高表达的IL-38可能参与诱导CD8^(+)T细胞功能衰竭。

人LIGHT和HSV-TK-EGFP基因共转染的MSCs抗肿瘤免疫的体内研究

目的研究与单纯疱疹病毒的糖蛋白D竞争结合单纯疱疹病毒进入介导物(herpes virus entry mediator,HVEM)的淋巴毒素类似物(homologous to lymphotoxins,exhibits inducible expression,and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for HVEM,a receptor expressed by T lymphocytes,LIGHT)基因和单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶(herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase,HSV-TK)基因共转染的骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)在体内的抗肿瘤免疫功能。方法将pIRES2-LIGHT基因和HSV-TK-EGFP基因共转染小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs/LT组),以转染空载体和转染HSV-TK-EGFP基因的骨髓间充质干细胞作对照。流式细胞仪检测LIGHT分子和HSV-TK-EGFP分子在稳定转染的骨髓间充质干细胞上的表达。体内迁移实验观察MSCs/LT在小鼠体内迁移情况。观察更昔洛韦注射前后MSCs/LT对荷瘤小鼠体内肿瘤的治疗作用。ELISA法检测小鼠肿瘤组织中IFN-γ,IL-2和IL-10的水平。结果流式细胞仪检测发现,MSCs/LT能稳定高表达LIGHT分子。MSCs/LT有特异地向肿瘤组织趋化的特性。MSCs/LT和MSCs/T有较好的抑制肿瘤生长的能力,但在更昔洛韦诱导后,MSCs/LT的抗肿瘤效应下降甚至消失。同时,MSCs/LT可促使T细胞进入肿瘤组织,并促进T细胞分泌IL-2、IFN-γ,抑制IL-10分泌(P<0.05)。结论共转染人LIGHT和HSV-TK-EGFP基因的骨髓间充质干细胞能稳定高表达LIGHT分子,能特异性地向荷瘤小鼠体内肿瘤组织趋化并抑制肿瘤的生长,这种体内抗肿瘤功能可能与促进T淋巴细胞IL-2、IFN-γ等细胞因子的分泌,改善局部免疫抑制环境有关。

miR-34a和米铂共载阳离子脂质体的构建及抗肿瘤活性研究

目的 构建共载miR-34a和米铂阳离子脂质体,以协同增效,用于肿瘤的化疗。方法 采用薄膜分散法制备米铂阳离子脂质体(MCL),将MCL与miR-34a共孵育,构建共载miR-34a和米铂的阳离子脂质体(MCL/miR-34a)。以粒径及多分散系数、电位、米铂含量和抗肿瘤活性为指标,对辅助磷脂(DOPE、DOPC、DMPC、DSPC、PC-98T)的种类、阳离子磷脂DOTAP/DOPE比、N/P、DSPE-mPEG2000及胆固醇用量进行筛选;选用磺酰罗丹明B染色法在细胞(人乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231、人肝癌细胞系HepG2、人口腔表皮样癌细胞系KB和人胰腺癌细胞系As PC-1)水平评价MCL/miR-34a的抗肿瘤活性。结果 构建的MCL/miR-34a粒径均匀[(200±23)nm]且分布窄(PDI=0.242±0.01)、电位适宜[(45±8)m V]、包封率高(miR-34a的包封率99.2%,米铂的包封率99.8%),细胞水平上抗肿瘤活性显著优于单药米铂或mi R-34a。结论 成功构建的MCL/miR-34a可显著提高miR-34a和米铂的体外抗肿瘤活性,为核酸药物与小分子化疗药物共同递送提供新策略。

PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在转移性结直肠癌中的应用研究进展

结直肠癌是目前全球常见恶性肿瘤之一,近年来其发病率和死亡率逐年上升。由于早期结直肠癌具有症状隐匿的特点,多数患者初诊时已发展为中晚期。对于IV期的转移性结直肠癌(mCRC),手术辅以放化疗治疗mCRC患者的5年生存率较低。随着近年来免疫学的发展,程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)/程序性死亡受体-配体1(PD-L1)抑制剂已在多种恶性肿瘤的治疗中取得突破性进展,能提高部分mCRC患者尤其是错配修复缺陷/微卫星高度不稳定型患者的疗效,并获得指南的推荐;但对于临床上占比达90%以上的错配修复完整/微卫星稳定型mCRC患者,应用PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂治疗效果差,但也有不同临床研究报道了部分该类型的mCRC能获得一定的受益。该文围绕PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂的抗肿瘤机制以及不同类型mCRC患者的PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂临床应用进展和研究现状作一综述,探究PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂联合治疗的可行性,以期为错配修复完整/微卫星稳定型患者获益和优化PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在mCRC治疗中的用药方案提供参考。

土鳖虫化学成分和药理作用的研究进展及其质量标志物(Q-Marker)的预测分析

土鳖虫是我国传统中药,分布于河南、河北、江苏、湖南等地,具有破血逐瘀、续筋接骨的功效。土鳖虫中化学成分种类丰富,主要包括蛋白质及多肽类、氨基酸类、脂肪酸类、生物碱、无机元素、核苷类等。现代药理研究表明,土鳖虫具备抗凝血并防止血栓形成、调节血脂的作用,此外,还具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、增强免疫力、抗氧化等作用。近年来,土鳖虫等动物类中药在临床应用方面备受关注。本文对土鳖虫化学成分和药理作用的研究现状进行总结,在此基础上分析功效作用与化学成分之间的联系,发现蛋白质及多肽类成分与抗凝血、调血脂作用关联紧密,生物碱类成分与抗菌抗炎作用相关。并从传统功效、现代药理、化学成分可测性、中药配伍等角度预测分析其质量标志物(quality marker,Q-Marker),初步确定土鳖虫活性肽组分、纤溶活性蛋白、脂肪酸类成分、生物碱、核苷类成分等可作为其质量标志物。中药质量标志物的研究为鉴定土鳖虫的真假优劣提供依据,也为后续开发土鳖虫新剂型、制定质量标准提供理论基础。

重组鼠过氧化物还原酶-5体内抗胰腺癌作用研究

目的:探讨鼠源重组过氧化物还原酶-5(mPRDX5)在小鼠体内是否具有抗肿瘤活性,从而进一步确证PRDX5的抗肿瘤活性和作用机制。方法:通过体外异源表达和纯化获得高纯度的mPRDX5。小鼠左侧腋背部皮下接种胰腺癌Pan02细胞建立荷瘤小鼠模型。小鼠随机分为PBS(溶剂对照)组、GEM(吉西他滨)50.0 mg/kg组和mPRDX510.0 mg/kg组,每组10只,检测小鼠肿瘤相关指标。结果:与PBS组比较,GEM组荷瘤小鼠体质量降低明显,mPRDX5组小鼠体质量有一定程度的增加。PBS组肿瘤生长良好,根据肿瘤体积计算,与PBS组相比,GEM组、mPRDX510.0 mg/kg组在D7肿瘤生长抑制率分别为87.07%和52.82%;按瘤重计算,与PBS组相比,GEM组、mPRDX510.0 mg/kg组在D7肿瘤生长抑制率分别为95.39%和48.33%。对PBS组和mPRDX5组小鼠肿瘤组织中的巨噬细胞极化状态进行分析,发现相较于PBS组,mPRDX5组小鼠肿瘤组织中表达CD86的M1型巨噬细胞显著增加,而表达CD206的M2型巨噬细胞显著减少。结论:mPRDX5在小鼠体内具有显著的抗胰腺癌活性,且活性的发挥是通过促进肿瘤微环境中的巨噬细胞向M1型极化实现。

新型4,6-二取代吡啶并嘧啶类化合物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

目的设计、合成4,6-二取代吡啶并嘧啶类化合物并进行抗肿瘤活性研究。方法参考MNKs激酶小分子抑制剂的构效关系,结合计算机虚拟对接评价结果,设计了4,6-二取代吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶类化合物。以6-氯-2-氰基-3-硝基吡啶为原料,经还原、水解、环合、氯代反应得到关键中间体4,6-二氯吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶,然后经亲核取代反应在4位引入取代苯胺,再经Suzuki偶联、酰化以及脱保护等反应得到目标化合物。考察了化合物对MNK1和MNK2激酶的抑制活性及体外肿瘤细胞增殖抑制活性。结果22个4,6-二取代吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶类化合物均未见文献报道,其中化合物12r和12u对MNK2表现出显著的抑制活性,其IC_(50)值分别为0.5μmol·L^(-1)和0.1μmol·L^(-1)。化合物12u对人结肠癌HCT-116的细胞增殖具有抑制作用,其GI_(50)值为0.71μmol·L^(-1)。结论4,6-二取代吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶类化合物具有一定的MNK2抑制活性,其中化合物12u与先导化合物B21活性相当,对人结肠癌细胞HCT-116的增殖抑制活性优于B21。

Anti-tumor effect of matrine combined with cisplatin on rat models of cervical cancer

Objective:To observe the anti-tumor effect of matrine combined with cisplatin on U14 rat models of cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 80 female Kunming rats were used to establish U14 rat models of cervical cancer and then divided into groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,with 20 rats in each.For Group Ⅰ,the control group,injection of normal saline was given around the tumors.For Group Ⅱ,injection of 2 mg/kg cisplatin was given around the tumors.For Group Ⅲ,injection of 75 mg/kg matrine was given around the tumors while the combined injection of matrine and cisplatin was given for Group Ⅳ with the same doses as Groups Ⅱand Ⅲ.The animals were sacrificed 10 d after the injection and tumors were taken out for the comparisons of tumor weights after injection and calculation of anti-tumor rates,while thymus and spleen were taken for thymus index and spleen index.Blood in eyeball was collected for determination of changes in serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels.Sections of tumor issue were prepared and morphological changes in tumor tissue cells were observed by using immunohistochemistry technique.Results:After injection,the thymus index and spleen index in Groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in Groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P<0.05)while the two indexes in Group Ⅱ were significantly lower than Group Ⅰ(P<0.05).The tumor weights in Groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ were significantly smaller than those in Groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ(P<0.05) with significantly higher anti-tumor rates than Groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ(P<0.05).The serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels in Groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly lower than Group Ⅱ(P<0.05) and the two indicators in Group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in Group Ⅳ(P<0.05).The observation under the histological microscope showed densely arranged tumor cells in Group Ⅰ,growing as a crumby structure and diffuse appearance,with hyperchromatic and large nuclei,and abundant cytoplasm.In the case of Group Ⅱ,it showed less tumor cells,with extensive degenerative necrosis,sparse arrangement and karyopyknosis as well as karyoclasis.For Group Ⅲ,necrosis of tumor cells in different sizes and heterogeneous color in nuclei were observed.For Group Ⅳ,the number of tumor cells was significantly smaller than Groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ and the tumor cells presented an appearance of crumby structure as cancer nests,with more proliferation of connective tissue.Conclusions:The treatment of matrine combined with cisplatin can significantly improve the anti-tumor effect on U14 rats with cervical cancer,which can be a new option for the treatment for cervical cancer.

3D-QSAR Studies on the Anti-tumor Activity of N-Aryl-salicylamide Derivatives

In the present work,comparative molecular field analysis(CoMFA)techniques were used to perform three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship(3D-QSAR)studies on the anti-tumor activity(pHi,i=1,2,3,4)of N-aryl-salicylamide derivatives against four cancer cell lines,including A549,MCF-7,SGC-7901,and Bel-7402.12 compounds were randomly selected as the training set to establish the prediction models,which were verified by the test set of 5 compounds containing template molecule.The contributions of steric and electrostatic fields to pH1,pH2,pH3,and pH4 were 23.8% and 76.2%,20.1% and 79.9%,18.7% and 81.3%,and 14.3%and 85.7%,respectively.The cross-validation(Rcv 2)and non-cross-validation coefficients(R2)were 0.826 and 0.963 for pH1,0.867 and 0.974 for pH2,0.941 and 0.989 for pH3,and 0.797 and 0.961 for pH4,respectively.The CoMFA models were then used to predict the activities of the compounds,and it was found that the models had strong stability and good predictability.Based on the CoMFA contour maps,some key structural factors responsible for the anticancer activity of the series of compounds were revealed.The results provide some useful theoretical references for understanding the mechanism of action,designing new N-aryl-salicylamide derivatives with high anti-tumor activity,and predicting their activities.

盐酸安罗替尼联合多西他赛对肺癌大鼠血小板凝聚、EGFR-STAT3信号通路及抑瘤作用研究

目的探究盐酸安罗替尼联合多西他赛对肺癌大鼠血小板凝聚、EGFR-STAT3信号通路及抑瘤作用。方法选取清洁级雄性Wistar大鼠50只,分为健康组、模型组、盐酸安罗替尼组、多西他赛组、联合组,平均10只/组,除健康组外其余均建立肺癌模型,建模后健康组与模型组大鼠采用等量生理盐水灌胃干预,多西他赛组在大鼠静脉注射多西他赛0.3mg/kg。盐酸安罗替尼组采用盐酸安罗替尼1.2 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)灌胃干预,联合组予以静脉注射0.3mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)多西他赛注射液同时盐酸安罗替尼1.2 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)灌胃,干预30d。采用血小板聚集凝血因子分析仪对血小板凝聚率进行检测,HE染色观察肺部病理变化,对比肿瘤体积变化,免疫印迹及PCR分别检测表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、信号转导与转录激活因子3(STAT3)蛋白及mRNA。结果与健康组比较,模型组大鼠的血小板聚集率、肿瘤体积、肺组织中EGFR、STAT3蛋白及mRNA均显著升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,盐酸安罗替尼组和多西他赛组血小板聚集率、肿瘤体积、肺组织中EGFR、STAT3蛋白及mRNA均显著降低(P<0.05);与盐酸安罗替尼组和多西他赛组比较,联合组血小板聚集率、肿瘤体积、肺组织中EGFR、STAT3蛋白及mRNA均显著降低(P<0.05)。结论盐酸安罗替尼联合多西他赛在肺癌的治疗中对改善血小板凝聚、调节EGFR-STAT3信号通路以及抑制肿瘤生长等方面均具有一定积极效用。

Nrf2/HO-1信号通路对消化道恶性肿瘤影响的研究

消化道恶性肿瘤包括胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌等,该类疾病给患者造成了严重的身心健康损害,是人类医学进步必须克服的难题。核转录因子红系2相关因子2(Nrf2)/血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)信号通路对消化系统恶性肿瘤的各种细胞和动物模型中的氧化损伤、铁死亡、焦亡、诱导细胞自噬及促进血管生成有关键作用。随着生物科学技术的进步,使用先进技术提取天然化合物和药物对该信号通路的调节在临床前研究中显示出潜在的抗肿瘤价值。本文就Nrf2/HO-1信号通路对消化道肿瘤影响的最新研究进展进行简单的综述。

MHSP65-TCL疫苗对不同病理类型三阴性乳腺癌治疗效果的差异

目的评估及比较改良后的结核分枝杆菌热休克蛋白65-肿瘤细胞裂解物(MHSP65-TCL)疫苗对不同类型三阴性乳腺癌的疗效和差异。方法首先,生物信息学分析不同病理类型三阴性乳腺癌肿瘤微环境中免疫细胞浸润活化情况;其次,分析三阴性乳腺癌细胞中RACK1、Bcl-2、CTNNBL1等细胞活化因子,及细胞凋亡诱导因子PDL1、HMGB1、Fas-L在三阴性乳腺细胞中的丰度及其影响免疫细胞活化的信号通路。进而,在制备MHSP65-TCL去除TCL中的PDL1或增加TCL中Bcl-2,再通过体内外抗肿瘤实验,检测、比较两种方法治疗不同类型三阴性乳腺癌效果的差异。结果蛋白表达丰度的检测,MDA-MB-453细胞中HMGB1的表达量是最高的,但Bcl-2表达最低,结合各类型三阴性乳腺癌淋巴浸润,体外杀伤实验以及体内动物实验,3种不同类型的三阴性乳腺癌细胞尤其是LAR型细胞系MDA-MB-453,主要依赖HMGB1抑制免疫细胞。从TCL中去除HMGB1可以更为有效地提高MHSP65-TCL的抗肿瘤效果。结论阐明MHSP65-TCL疫苗对各类型三阴性乳腺癌疗效差异及机制,并建立起一种三阴性乳腺癌治疗的新方法。

含吡唑酮基团的喹唑啉衍生物的合成及其作为EGFR/VEGFR-2双靶标酪氨酸激酶抑制剂

双靶标酪氨酸激酶抑制剂在克服药物抗性和减少药物毒副作用方面具有重要作用,本文设计并合成了含有吡唑酮基团的喹唑啉衍生物作为EGFR/VEGFR-2双靶标酪氨酸激酶抑制剂。目标化合物由喹唑啉中间体和吡唑酮中间体通过亲核取代反应合成。喹唑啉中间体以2,3,4-三羟基苯甲酸为原料,通过酯化、硝化、还原、氯化和环化等反应合成;吡唑酮中间体以4-取代苯基肼盐酸盐为原料,通过甲基化和氧化等反应合成。目标化合物通过^(1)H NMR、^(13)C NMR和HR-MS进行结构鉴定。分别采用ADP-Glo激酶活性检测方法和CCK-8法测定了目标化合物对EGFR和VEGFR-2的抑制活性以及对Hela细胞、A549细胞、HUVEC细胞的抗增殖活性,其对EGFR和VEGFR-2抑制活性IC_(50)值为10~899 nM,15~712 nM;对部分在分子水平测定表现出较高活性的化合物进行了抗增殖活性测定,所选定的化合物对人肺癌A549细胞的半抑制浓度IC_(50)值为10~267 nM,对人脐静脉内皮细胞HUVEC的半抑制浓度IC_(50)值为11~433 nM,对人宫颈癌细胞Hela细胞几乎没有表现出抑制活性。对在细胞和分子水平测试均表现出良好活性的化合物5l通过分子对接研究发现其能够很好地结合在EGFR激酶和VEGFR-2激酶的活性口袋中。本研究为发现EGFR和VEGFR-2双靶标小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂奠定了良好的基础。

Autoimmune hepatitis and anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy:A single center report of 8 cases

This article describes cases of anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α-induced autoimmune hepatitis and evaluates the outcome of these patients in relation to their immunosuppressive strategy. A retrospective analysis of medical records was performed in our center, in order to detect cases of autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) associated with anti-TNF biologic agents. We describe and analyze eight cases of AIH following anti-TNF therapy, 7 with infliximab and 1 with adalimumab. A distinction should be made between induction of autoimmunity and clinically evident autoimmune disease. Liver biopsy is useful in detecting the role of the TNF-α antagonist in the development of AIH. The lack of relapse after discontinuing immunosuppressive therapy favors, as in this case series, an immune-mediated drug reaction as most patients with AIH have a relapse after treatment is suspended. Although AIH related to anti-TNF therapy is rare, a baseline immunological panel along with liver function tests should be performed in all patients with autoimmune disease before starting biologics.

Extraction, Purification and Anti-tumor Activity of Polysaccharide from Mycelium of Mutant Cordyceps Militaris

A water-soluble polysaccharide（named MCMP） was isolated from the mycelium with high yield mutation Cordyceps militaris by hot-water extraction, deproteinization by sevage, alcohol precipitation, anion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography CL-6B. The polysaccharide contained mannose, rhamnose, galactose and glucose in a molar ratio of 59.36：1：8.31：39.50, of which the average molecular weight is 8100. In our research, Hep-G2 cells, Hela cells and mesangial cells were chosen to determine the anti-tumor activity of the polysaccharide. The results of MTT assay show that polysaccharides of the mutant strain presented inhibitory activity on the cells proliferation after 48 h incubation.

Experimental Research on Anti-tumor Metastasis Effect of Basil Polysaccharide in vivo

Objective: To study the effects of basil polysaccharide (BP) in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Methods: One hundred and fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups to observe the effect on tumor growth after H22 cancer cells had been transplanted subcutaneously into their right armpit region and treated with different dosages (5 mg/kg, 2. 5 mg/kg and 1. 25 mg/kg) of BP for 14 days, with Mi-tomycin (Mit-C) used as control. Another 150 mice were randomly divided into three groups, models of tumor metastasis in the lung by various paths (lymphatic, blood circulatory and spontaneous) were established respectively. They were treated with BP or Mit-C to observe the influence of treatments on tumor metastasis by various paths. Results: BP of various dosages showed no effect on tumor growth, but in high and middle dosage, it could significantly reduce the number or metastasis nodules ( P<0. 05). Conclusion: BP has a tumor metastasis inhibitory effect, which might be one of the candidates for new anti-tumor metastasis agents. Its mechanism may be blocking the function of platelets in the tumor metastasis progress.