Study on the Effects of Chinese Herb Additive on Milk Yield and Anti-heat Stress Ability of Holstein Cow

[Objective] The research aimed to explore the effects of Chinese herb additive on milk yield and anti-heat stress ability of Holstein cow.[Method] 36 Holstein cows with similar birth order and milk yield were equally and randomly divided into 3 groups which were control group, Chinese medicine Ⅰ group and Chinese medicine Ⅱ group. In control group, cows were fed with basic feed, while in Chinese medicine Ⅰ group, cows were fed with basic feed containing 4% compound Chinese herb additive and in Chinese medicine Ⅱ group, cows were fed with basic feed containing 3% compound Chinese herb additive.All cows in the 3 groups were analyzed comparatively.[Result] Adding some compound Chinese herb additive into basic feed would increase milk yield and anti-heat stress ability of Holstein cow,besides,it also could decrease cow diseases such as cow mastitis.Chinese medicine Ⅰ would generate the highest economic benefit of practical production.[Conclusion] Adding Chinese herb additive into basic feed is an effective way for reliefing heat stress and increasing milk yield.

Effects of Chinese Herb Additive on Milk Yield and Anti-heat Stress Ability of Holstein Cows

[Objective] To explore the effects of Chinese herb additive on milk yield and anti-heat stress ability of Holstein diary cow. [Method] A total of 36 Holstein cows at same parity and with similar milk yield were randomly divided into three groups, namely, control group, Chinese medi- cine group I and Chinese medicine group I1. The cows in the Chinese medicine group I were fed basal diet containing 4% compound Chinese herb additive; those in the Chinese medicine group II were fed basal diet containing 3% compound Chinese herb additive; and those in the control group were fed common basal diet. All cows in the three groups were analyzed comparatively. [Result] Supplementing some compound Chinese herb ad- ditive into basal diet increased milk yield and anti-heat stress ability of Holstein cows, besides, it also decreased cow diseases like cow mastitis. The Chinese medicine group I generated the highest economic benefit of practical production. [ Conclusion] Supplementing Chinese herb additive in- to basal diet is an effective way to relieve heat stress and increase milk yield.

Preparation and Tribological Properties of Lanthanum-doped Muscovite Composite Particles as Lubricant Additives in Lithium Grease

Lanthanum-doped muscovite(MC) composite particles(hereinafter abbreviated as La-MC) were prepared by the mechanical solid-state-chemistry-reaction method, followed by surface modification with oleic acid. The microstructure of materials was characterized by SEM, XRD, EDS and FTIR. Furthermore, the friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of MC and La-MC as lubricant additives in lithium grease were evaluated using a four-ball friction and wear tester. The results showed that La(OH)_3 nanoparticles were coated on the surface of muscovite. Both MC and La-MC can effectively improve the friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of lithium grease and La-MC presents better tribological properties than MC. The excellent tribological properties of La-MC can be attributed to the formation of the adsorbed La-MC film and the chemical reaction film mainly composed of Fe_2O_3 and SiO_2 on the worn surface, as well as the catalysis of lanthanum element during the friction process.

“Anti-Michael” and Michael Additions in the Reactions of 2-Arylmethyliden-1,3-Indandiones with 2-Aminothiophenol

A novel 2-indano[2,3b]-2-ferrocenyl- and 2-indano[2,3b]-2-(p-methoxy-phenyl)[1,5]benzo-2,5-dihydrothiazepine 5a,b (addition Michael/cyclization) (~30.32%), indano[2,3b]-2-ferrocenyl- and 2-(p-methoxyphenyl)[1,4] benzothiazine 4a,b (addition “anti-Michael”/cyclization) (~45.43%), respectively, were obtained by the condensation of 2-ferrocenyl-and 2-(p-methoxy-phenyl)methyliden-1,3-indandiones 1a,b with o-aminothiophenol 2 in the presence of AcOH and HCl. A new “anti-Michael” addition reaction of 1,4-bis-heteronucleophile 2 into 2-arylmethyliden-1,3-indandiones was reported. As a result of this reaction the product 1a,b was obtained. The structures of the resultant compounds were elucidated by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental and X-ray diffraction analysis. The in vitro antitumor activity of the obtained products was researched using the following human cancer cell lines: glioblastoma (CNS U-251), prostatic adenocarcinoma (PC-3), chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT-15), mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and small cell lung cancer (SKLU) and the sulforhodamine B (SRB) method. Among these new compounds some thiazine and thiazepine derivatives showed compelling in vitro antitumor effects on cell lines K-562, HCT-15, SKLU-1 and MCF-7.

Isosteric design of friction-reduction and anti-wear lubricant additives with less sulfur content

To reduce harmful sulfur content in lubricant additives, making use of isosterism has been shown to be an effective strategy. When thiobenzothiazole compounds were used as templates, the exchange of sulfur atoms in the thiazole ring with oxygen atoms and NH groups produced twelve isosteres. Similarly, 2-benzothiazole- S-carboxylic acid esters were used as template molecules to produce six isosteres. About 30% of the isosteres exhibited a satisfactory deviation of ±5% relative to the template, ignoring the specific changes in the base oils, the differences in molecular structure, and the friction or wear properties. The template molecules and isosteres in triisodecyl trimellitate exhibited better tribological properties than in trimethylolpropane trioleate or bis(2- ethylhexyl) adipate. Comparative molecular field analysis(CoM FA)- and comparative molecular similarity index analysis(CoMSIA)-quantitative structure tribo-ability relationship(QSTR) models were employed to study the correlation of molecular structures between the base oils and additives. The models indicate that the higher the structural similarities of the base oils and additives are, the more synergetic the molecular force fields of the lubricating system are; the molecular force fields creating synergistic effects will improve tribological performance.

The Effect of Cerium Dioxide (CeO_2) in an Anti-corrosion and Self-lubricating Coating

The effect of cerium dioxide(CeO_2)as an additive on the structure and properties of a melting type coating has been studied by means of microhardness measurement,scanning electron microscopy and thermal analysis. The results show that cerium dioxide can modify the microstructure and tribological properties of the coating. Model LIC-23 composite coating which contains CeO_2 performs well as a self-lubricating coating in hydrochloric acid solution.

Study the operating conditions on agglomeration of RDX particles in anti-solvent crystallization by using statistical optimization

The unfavorable growth and agglomeration of micro-particles of RDX explosive was almost observed in manufacture process. For preventing of growth of micro-particles and agglomeration in anti-solvent crystallization process, the effect of additives glucose, sucrose and poly ethylene glycol-2000 and wetting solvent of isopropyl alcohol were studied. Taguchi experimental design was used for optimization of the operating conditions. The type of additive, the amount of additive(%wt.), solvent of wetting and wetting time were selected for optimization of the conditions. By using 4 factor and 3 levels, 27 experiments were conducted(L27). Results showed that in the presence of 2 %wt. of sucrose additive and isopropyl alcohol solvent, the agglomerations of particles were decreased so that a decrease 30-50% in the average of particles size was seen. Addition additives were effective in storage container and for reduce the agglomeration of particles during storage. Also, the agglomeration rate of particles was reduced over time at optimized conditions. Imaging optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and particle size analyzer(PSA) methods were used for particles size analyzing as a response in statistical optimization and quality control of the final product. The sensitivity to some mechanical and shock stimuli on the RDX in presence of sucrose additive was tested and the obtained results showed the insignificant effect of additive on the safety properties of pure RDX.

基于氢谱修饰指数的润滑油添加剂抗磨损性能的预测研究

润滑油添加剂对保障机械运行的稳定性和安全性、延长设备的使用寿命、节约能耗具有重要作用,由于通过实验获得数据费时费力,故用定量结构摩擦性能关系研究方法,来获取抗磨损性能数据成为一种简便而高效的方法.为研究酰肼类及磷酸类润滑油添加剂抗磨损性能与结构的关系,定义并建构了新的氢谱修饰指数^(0)H,并计算36个酰肼类及磷酸类分子的电性距离矢量,筛选了M_(2)、M_(3)、M_(21)和M_(59),将这5个结构描述符作为BP神经网络的输入变量,磨损体积量度V s作为神经网络输出变量,用5-3-1的神经网络结构,构建了神经网络法预测模型,模型相关系数0.944,磨损体积量度V s的预测值与文献实验值的平均相对误差为2.61%,优于文献方法结果.结果表明:酰肼类及磷酸类润滑油添加剂抗磨损性能与氢谱修饰指数有良好的非线性关系,影响抗磨损性能的主要因素是分子中原子特性、基团片段的—CH_(3)、—CH_(2)—、>CH—、—O、—N—和—P—等.该研究对指导合成新型抗磨损性能好的化合物分子有理论意义.

复合添加剂对冷季绵羊瘤胃发酵及养分表观消化率的影响

【目的】研究复合添加剂对冷季绵羊瘤胃发酵及养分表观消化率的影响。【方法】选用体重[(39.64±2.72)kg]相近、健康状况良好的6月龄阿勒泰羊公羊60只,随机分为1个对照组和3个复合添加剂组(E_(1)组、E_(2)组、E_(3)组),每组15只羊。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,E_(1)组在基础饲粮中添加2.2%的复合添加剂Ⅰ(沙棘叶粉∶氯化铵∶谷氨酰胺=15∶5∶2),E_(2)组在基础饲粮中添加2.2%的复合添加剂Ⅱ(沙棘叶粉∶氯化铵∶胍基乙酸=15∶5∶1),E_(3)组在基础饲粮中添2.2%的复合添加剂Ⅲ(沙棘叶粉∶氯化铵∶谷氨酰胺∶胍基乙酸=15∶5∶2∶1)。预试期15 d,正试期30 d。【结果】(1)整个试验阶段,E_(1)、E_(2)和E_(3)组的平均日采食量显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);E_(1)和E_(3)组第1~15 d料重比极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。(2)E_(1)组的乙酸/丙酸显著高于E_(3)组(P<0.05);E_(2)组的异戊酸浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);其它瘤胃发酵参数组间差异不显著。(3)E_(1)组的干物质、有机物、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维及总能的表观消化率最高,极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),E_(2)组粗脂肪的表观消化率最高,极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。饲粮中添加复合添加剂有助于提高冷季绵羊的养分表观消化率。【结论】复合添加剂Ⅰ(沙棘叶粉∶氯化铵∶谷氨酰胺=15∶5∶2)在冷季绵羊生产中的应用效果较好。

UPLC-DAD同时测定降血压类保健食品中20种非法添加化学药物

采用超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(UPLC-DAD)建立同时测定辅助降血压类保健食品中20种非法添加化学药物的方法。采用Luna UPLC C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.6μm),以质量分数为0.2%的磷酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱。流速为0.21 mL/min,柱温为35℃,DAD扫描,检测波长为220 nm,各剂型样品经甲醇提取,通过保留时间和紫外吸收光谱定性,峰面积外标法定量。结果表明:20种药物成分能完全分离,在4~80μg/mL内线性关系良好,回收率为92.3%~104.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3%~2.9%。1批阳性样品检出奈比洛尔、乐卡地平、拉西地平,并通过UPLC-MS/MS得到确证。建立的方法操作简便,精密度、稳定性、重复性好,能够达到快速检测降压类保健食品中非法添加化学成分的目的。

抗缪勒管激素诊断多囊卵巢综合征的年龄特异性阈值探讨及应用

目的 探讨抗缪勒管激素(AMH)诊断多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的年龄特异性阈值及其诊断效能。方法 收集该院2 187例14~40岁的月经紊乱的患者样本,并采用免疫荧光方法测定血清AMH水平,符合鹿特丹标准患者为PCOS组,反之为对照组。利用广义加性模型(GAMs)和受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)确立AMH的年龄区间和对应的阈值。评估各年龄区间AMH诊断PCOS的效能,并与试剂厂商提供的阈值进行比较。结果 基于GAMs模型,AMH预测PCOS的最佳年龄截断值分别为21、28和35岁。在14~<21岁、21~<28岁、28~<35岁和35~40岁年龄组中,AMH诊断阈值分别为8.28、8.02、6.70、3.96 ng/mL;AUC分别为0.97(95%CI:0.93~0.99)、0.97(95%CI:0.95~0.98)、0.98(95%CI:0.95~0.98)、0.99(95%CI:0.98~0.99);灵敏度分别为0.87、0.87、0.91、1.00;特异度分别为0.94、0.93、0.90、0.93。在各年龄组中,PCOS组的AMH水平均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 应用AMH的年龄特异性阈值,可以更好地评估AMH在区分所有年龄段PCOS患者中的价值。

基于墩柱增设的独柱墩曲线箱梁桥抗倾覆研究

近年来,独柱墩曲线箱梁桥整体侧翻倾覆事故时有发生,开展抗倾覆分析及加固对策的研究具有重要的工程价值。以某匝道桥为工程背景,考虑其抗倾覆稳定性,使用支座失效法并结合有限元分析软件Midas/Civil建立柔性梁格有限元模型,对独柱墩曲线箱梁桥加固前后的抗倾覆稳定性和动力特性进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:加固前该桥曲线箱梁的一阶振型为扭转振动,在4号墩处,易发生扭转,可能导致支座脱空,此时该桥抗倾覆稳定系数最小为1.97,不满足规范中抗倾覆稳定系数不小于2.50的要求。采用墩柱增设法对4号墩进行加固后,该桥曲线箱梁的一阶振型为纵向弯曲振动,抗倾覆稳定系数最小为4.31,抗倾覆能力得到显著提升。通过现场抗倾覆稳定性静载试验,对加固效果进行了实桥验证,效果较好。

纳米纤维素在摩擦学领域的应用研究进展

纳米纤维素具有多种独特的优良性质,其摩擦学性能十分优越,是新型绿色纳米润滑材料,已在摩擦学领域展现出巨大的应用潜力与发展前景.本文中以纳米纤维素的摩擦学应用研究为主线,概述了纳米纤维素的有关重要特性,详述了纳米纤维素在聚合物增强填料、水基润滑添加剂、润滑油添加剂、润滑脂添加剂以及润滑电活性调控几方面的研究现状,并相应评述了作用原理与机制,指出了各方面研究仍需解决的重要问题,并展望了未来发展方向.

含ZDDP锂基润滑脂摩擦学性能和润滑机理研究

ZDDP(二烷基二硫代磷酸锌)作为润滑脂中常见的极压抗磨剂,其在润滑脂中的润滑机理一直是研究的重点和难点.选用4种不同碳链长度的ZDDP(二丁基二硫代磷酸锌、二庚基二硫代磷酸锌、二辛基二硫代磷酸锌和二丁辛基二硫代磷酸锌)作为润滑脂添加剂,采用SRV摩擦磨损试验机对润滑脂体系的摩擦学性能进行评价,系统性考察了在不同运行工况(温度、载荷和频率)下,含不同碳链长度ZDDP的润滑脂体系的摩擦学性能及在往复滑动条件下ZDDP在润滑脂中成膜机理.研究结果表明:ZDDP能提高基础脂的减摩抗磨性能;频率、载荷和温度对含ZDDP润滑脂的减摩抗磨性能均有影响,其中温度对其影响最为关键.对于含不同碳链长度的ZDDP润滑脂,在脂润滑状态下ZDDP的极压性能随着烷基碳链长度的增加而降低;在多数工况条件下含不同碳链长度ZDDP润滑脂体系摩擦学性能差别较小.在往复纯滑动条件下摩擦膜生长过程:试球表面的摩擦膜随摩擦时间变化,初期摩擦膜薄且均匀,随后出现一些固体小颗粒,小颗粒不断积累演变成疏松的摩擦膜,经过长时间的摩擦形成致密的摩擦膜.

纳米莫来石添加量对聚脲润滑脂摩擦学性能的影响

将不同质量分数(0.01%,0.03%,0.05%,0.10%,0.40%)的纳米莫来石添加到聚脲润滑脂中,采用四球摩擦试验机评价纳米莫来石的添加量对聚脲润滑脂摩擦学性能的影响,并研究了纳米莫来石的减摩抗磨机理。结果表明:随着聚脲润滑脂中纳米莫来石添加量的增加,摩擦副的稳定摩擦因数和磨痕宽度均呈先减小后增大的趋势,在纳米莫来石质量分数为0.03%时达到最小值,分别为0.0587,0.64 mm,相比于未添加莫来石的基础润滑脂润滑条件下分别降低9.3%和11.1%。添加纳米莫来石的聚脲润滑脂优异的摩擦学性能归因于在摩擦过程中形成了由聚脲润滑脂、含C-O键的化合物、氮氧化物与莫来石组成的润滑膜。莫来石中的SiO_(2)有助于降低接触压力,使摩擦副的摩擦方式向滚动摩擦转变,而Al_(2)O_(3)能够填充摩擦副表面的凹坑与凹陷,促进润滑膜的形成;2种成分所发挥的协同作用使得聚脲润滑脂表现出良好的润滑效果。

浅析祛痘类化妆品中非法添加盐酸美满霉素等10种组分

基于2018—2021年云南省食品药品监督检验研究院开展的国家化妆品安全监督抽检工作中发现的问题,建立了盐酸美满霉素等10种组分的检测方法对150批次宣称祛痘类化妆品进行筛查,发现风险物质,并进行方法学优化和新方法建立。从对宣称祛痘类化妆品中非法添加抗感染类药物风险探索的必要性、方法开发研究现状、试验方案与设计以及研究结果来阐述。在保持科学性、先进性和规范性的基础上,增加实用性和可操作性,为推动加强化妆品中安全性风险物质和禁用组分的管理检验方法的开发和更新提供研究思路和参考。

硫酸钛-钨酸钠复合添加剂对电解铜箔后处理形貌及抗剥离强度的影响

随着电子信息技术的高速发展,高端且精细的电子产品日益增多,对印制电路板(PCB)用电路板铜箔提出了更高的要求,要求铜箔兼有低粗糙度和高抗剥离强度。针对此问题,采用调控电解铜箔后处理添加剂含量的方法,研究了后处理添加剂对铜箔抗剥离强度的影响。采用预处理过的毛箔,在自制的方形电解槽中通直流电,用配制的不同粗化电解液进行微粗化试验。结果表明:硫酸钛浓度增高,铜箔表面瘤点状颗粒的成核趋势会增大。当浓度为0.7 g/L时,抑制晶粒成核,表面粗糙度先降低后升高。0.3 g/L的硫酸钛可以更好的促进成核,抑制晶粒生长,提高抗剥离强度。加入0.05 g/L钨酸钠和0.3 g/L硫酸钛时,深镀能力最优,其抗剥离性能最高可达到0.7 N/mm。与单纯的钨酸钠体系相比,铜箔的抗剥离强度提高了约30.7%,粗糙度提高了约1.9%。钨酸钠和硫酸钛复合会起到一定的深镀能力,随着钨酸钠的加入,铜箔的抗剥落强度提升,粗糙度呈现下降趋势。

开口剂配方对聚乙烯膜料性能的影响

以中韩石化公司线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)35H粉料为基料,分别加入不同种类的开口剂A、B、C、D四种易开口复合助剂,研究了四种开口剂复合助剂对材料的热性能,力学性能、氧化诱导期、光学性能及开口性能的影响,也进一步研究了开口剂的添加量对材料各方面性能的影响。结果表明在开口剂相同添加量的情况下,A、B、C、D四种易开口复合助剂,开口剂B-1配方的薄膜雾度和开口性能最优,通过调整开口剂B的添加量,在保证薄膜开口性的同时可进一步提升薄膜雾度。同样条件下测试了市场上的开口膜料卡塔尔Q2018H及中韩EGF-35H的光学性能和开口性能,结果显示开口剂B-1配方的膜料雾度及开口性均优于对比的膜料产品。

油酸甲酯基琥珀酸、单甲酯、双甲酯的合成及防锈性能

以油酸甲酯与马来酸酐(MA)为原料制备了油酸甲酯基琥珀酸酐(ASA)、油酸甲酯基琥珀酸(MSA)、油酸甲酯基琥珀酸单甲酯(MMS)和油酸甲酯基琥珀酸双甲酯(MDS)作为防锈剂,采用气相色谱-质谱联用、电喷雾电离质谱、傅里叶红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱等手段分析确定了4种防锈剂的结构,并考察4种防锈剂在加氢柴油和150SN润滑油基础油中的防锈蚀性能。结果表明:在加氢柴油中,MSA添加质量分数25μg/g时防锈效果能达到无锈级别,MMS添加质量分数50μg/g时的防锈效果能达到无锈级别;在润滑油中,MSA添加质量分数50μg/g时防锈效果能达到无锈级别,MMS添加质量分数50μg/g时防锈效果能达到无锈级别。并且MSA酸值比工业防锈剂T746低100 mgKOH/g, MMS酸值比工业防锈剂T747低50 mgKOH/g,适用于调制酸值要求低的汽轮机油和液压油。

UPLC-MS/MS法测定中成药和保健食品中萘丁美酮等抗痛风类化学成分

目的建立UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定中成药和保健食品中萘丁美酮等14种非法添加的化学成分。方法样品采用乙腈超声提取,以Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18(2.1 mm×100 mm,2.7μm)色谱柱分离,以含0.005 mol·L^(-1)甲酸铵的0.1%甲酸溶液-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾离子源,正负离子扫描模式,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测14种抗痛风类化学成分。结果14种抗痛风类化学成分的线性关系良好,r均≥0.9990;定量限为0.004~0.053 mg·kg^(-1),检测限为0.001~0.016 mg·kg^(-1),精密度的RSD(n=6)为0.60%~3.9%,平均回收率为83.3%~109.3%。23批样品中共2批检出非法添加化学成分,其中1批检出酮咯酸氨丁三醇,另1批检出别嘌醇。结论该方法操作简便,选择性好、灵敏度高、准确度高,能够用于中成药和保健食品中非法添加抗痛风类化学成分的检测。