Analysis on the Changes of Research Hotspots in the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19 by Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Knowledge Graph

Objective: To grasp the changing trend of research hotspots of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, and to better play the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and other diseases. Methods: The research literature from 2020 to 2022 was searched in the CNKI database, and CiteSpace software was used for visual analysis. Results: The papers on the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 by traditional Chinese medicine changed from cases, overviews, reports, and efficacy studies to more in-depth mechanism research, theoretical exploration, and social impact analysis, and finally formed a theory-clinical-society Influence-institutional change and other multi-dimensional achievement systems. Conclusion: Analyzing the changing trends of TCM hotspots in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 can fully understand the important value of TCM, take the coordination of TCM and Western medicine as an important means to deal with public health security incidents, and promote the exploration of the potential efficacy of TCM, so as to enhance the role of TCM in Applications in social stability, emergency security, clinical practice, etc.

Study on the functional liquid of Chinese traditional medicine in anti-anoxic effect

A kind of functional liquid was extracted from compound Chinese traditional medicine over 20 different varieties such as ginseng, danggui and so on. The anti-anoxic effects were observed by the ways of oxygen lack in normal atmosphere of mice, decapitation and erythrocyte count and hemoglobin in the mice. Experiments done in this study included observing the best dose and the best time of appearing anti-anoxic effects in mice. Results were found that the functional liquid could prolong not only the survival time and the brain survival time of the mouse, but also increasing the number of erythrocytes (RBC) and the content of hemoglobin (Hb); and the functional liquid has markedly protecting cardio-cerebral function; If the dosage of the functional liquid control on the 0.3ml/day for each mouse, the best effects should appear after four hour. And the functional liquid had no obvious effect on the weight of the mice within thirty days.

Observation of Traditional Chinese Medicine's Anti-bacterial Effect on the Main Pathogenic Bacteria of Dairy Cow Recessive Mastitis

[Objective]This paper aimed to study the anti-bacterial effect of traditional Chinese medicine on cow recessive mastitis＇ s main pathogenic bacteria and provide basis for its clinical application.[Method]Plating and test-tube methods were used to determine the anti-bacterial diameter,minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC）and minimum bactericidal concentration（MBC）of 20 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine on dairy cow recessive mastitis＇ s clinically isolated main pathogenic bacteria,Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae.[Conclusion]The results indicated that 7 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine,Herba Taraxaci,Rhizoma Coptidis,Fructus Forsythiae,Herba Andrographis,Radix Scutellar iae,Flos Carthami,Flos Chrysanthemi Indici had strong anti-bacterial effect.

The application of the “Treatment in Accordance with Three Categories of Etiologic Factors” theory in the prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases in traditional Chinese medicine since the Ming and Qing Dynasties

“Treatment in accordance with three categories of etiologic factors”(consideration of the climatic and seasonal conditions,environment and individual’s constitution in the treatment of diseases),that is,treatment following time,place and individual,is one of the basic principles followed by Chinese medicine in the clinical treatment of diseases.This paper analyzes the similarities and differences in traditional Chinese medicine treatment of patients with epidemic diseases in different regions and periods since the Ming(1368-1644 C.E.)and Qing(1636-1912 C.E.)Dynasties.In addition,the theory of epidemic disease prevention and control based on the application of“treatment in accordance with three categories of etiologic factors”was discussed to inspire and guide the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

Antiviral activity of traditional Chinese medicinal plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Morus alba against dengue virus

Dengue virus(DENV) has emerged as a major virus that is spread by mosquitoes. Recently, it has spread to more than a hundred nations but continues to lack specific treatable medication. Many traditional Chinese medicinal(TCM) plants are in practice for dengue fever in dengue endemic regions. These traditional medicines persevere with treatments, which modern medicines lack. The study aims to substantiate the anti-dengue potential of some traditional herbs and make them available for further studies to facilitate TCM users. Twelve TCM plants aqueous extracts were evaluated, which are described as cool herbs used for the diseases with high fever. Lead plants were established through detailed in vitro foci forming unit reduction analysis(FFURA) against all four serotypes and validated through quantitative real-time RT-PCR(q RT-PCR). Four plants potentially inhibited the virus in primary phenotypic in vitro evaluation. Two lead plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma(DC) and Morus alba(MA) were identified with half minimal inhibitory concentration(IC50) 130 and 221 μg m L^-1, respectively, while the selectivity indices(SI) were 4.21 and 4.62, respectively. Lead plants equally inhibited all four serotypes of DENV. Time-of-addition analysis suggested that, DC was active at later stages of viral replication, whereas MA was active during the early stages and even showed some prophylactic activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC/MS) analysis revealed presence of flavonoids. DC and MA are identified as potential anti-dengue plants, active against varied stages of dengue virus replication cycle. These results may serve as the base knowledge for further investigation on their combined treatments or integrative treatment with western medicines, which may improve the overall anti-dengue activity in future.

The Role of the“Traditional Chinese Medicine Proclamation”in Cholera Prevention and Control in Modern China

During the period of social transformation in modern China,the sudden onslaught of malignant infectious diseases,the helplessness of the public,and the impact of the modern Western medical system promoted the profound self‑revolution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Multiple factors,including politics,economy or religion contributed to the formulation of paper-based“TCM proclamation”.This paper,based on the prevention and control of cholera advocated in TCM proclamation,analyzes the new ways of cholera spread in China in early modern times and the complicated“country‑region‑medical institutions‑other institutions‑individuals”correlations.

The Role of the “Traditional Chinese Medicine Proclamation” in Cholera Prevention and Control in Modern China

During the period of social transformation in modem China,the sudden onslaught of malignant infectious diseases,the helplessness of the public,and the impact of the modem Western medical system promoted the profoimd self-revolution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Multiple factors,including politics,economy or religion contributed to the formulation of paper-based“TCM proclamation”.This paper,based on the prevention and control of cholera advocated in TCM proclamation,analyzes the new ways of cholera spread in China in early modem times and the complicated“country-region-medical instilulions-other institutions-individuals”correlations.

Analysis of the Curative Effect of Cold-Dampness Epidemic Prescription(寒湿疫方)on the Main Symptoms of Quarantined People in Community

Objective:To evaluate the curative effect of"Cold-Dampness Epidemic Prescription(寒湿疫方)"on the main symptoms of quarantined people in community based on real-world research data,and to provide scientific basis for Chinese medicine to fight Coronavirus disease 2019 under the"Wuchang Model".Methods:From February 4,2020 to March 5,2020,the data of community quarantined people who only took"Cold-Dampness Epidemic Prescription(寒湿疫方)"under the management of"Wuchang Model"were collected,and the demographic characteristics,basic diseases,distribution of sick people,treatment process,disappearance time of eight clinical symptoms,adverse reactions and clinical outcomes of patients were statistically analyzed.Results:A total of 951 quarantined people in COVID-19 community were included,including 440 males(46.27%)and 511 females(53.73%),the oldest was 89 years old,the youngest was 2 years old,and the average age was 43.34 years old;Among the quarantined population in the community,there were 141 cases diagnosed by CDC(14.83%),CDC excluded 810 cases(85.17%);106 cases of CDC were diagnosed as COVID-19,accounting for 47.96%of the self-reported cases,and 311 cases(32.70%)had previous medical history;696(73.19%)had no obvious symptoms,and 255(26.81%)developed fever,fatigue,cough,sputum,shortness of breath,loss of appetite,diarrhea and mood,of which 187(19.66%)had cough symptoms,followed by sputum coughing(14.30%)and fever(13.56%).Conclusion:"Cold-Dampness Epidemic Prescription(寒湿疫方)"is effective in treating the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 without obvious adverse reactions.

Constituents of the anti-asthma herbal formula ASHMI^(TM) synergistically inhibit IL-4 and IL-5 secretion by murine Th2 memory cells,and eotaxin by human lung fibroblasts in vitro

OBJECTIVE： Anti-asthma herbal medicine intervention （ASHMITM）, a combination of three tradi- tional Chinese medicinal herbs developed in our laboratory, has demonstrated efficacy in both mouse models of allergic asthma, and a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients with asthma. This study was designed to determine if the anti-inflammatory effects of individual herbal constituents of ASHMITM exhibited synergy. METHODS： Effects of ASHMI and its components aqueous extracts of Lingzhi （Ganoderma lucidum）, Kushen （Sophora flavescens） and Gancao （Glycyrrhiza uralensis）, on Th2 cytokine secretion by murine memory Th2 cells （D10.G4.1） and eotaxin-1 secretion by human lung fibroblast （HLF-1） cells were determined by measuring levels in culture supernatants by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay. Potential synergistic effects were determined by computing interaction indices from concentration-effect curve parameters. RESULTS： Individual Lingzhi, Kushen and Gancao extracts and ASHMI （the combination of individual extracts） inhibited production of interleukin （IL）-4 and IL-5 by murine memory Th2 cells and eotaxin-1 production by HLF-1 cells. The mean 25%-inhibitory-concentration （IC2s） values （mg/mL） forASHMI, Lingzhi, Kushen and Gancao for IL-4 production were 30.9, 79.4, 123, and 64.6, respectively; for IL-5 production were 30.2, 263, 123.2 and 100, respectively; for eotaxin-1 were 13.2, 16.2, 30.2, and 25.1, respectively. The IC50values （mg/mL） for ASHMI, Lingzhi, Kushen and Gancao for IL-4 production were 158.5, 239.9, 446.7, and 281.8, respectively; for eotaxin-1 were 38.1, 33.1, 100, and 158.5, respectively. The interaction indices of ASHMI constituents at IC25 were 0.35 for IL-4, 0.21 for IL-5 and 0.59 for eotaxin-l. The interaction indices at IC^0 values were 0.50 for IL-4 and 0.62 for eotaxin-1 inhibition. Inhibition of IL-5 did not reach IC^0 values. All interaction indices were below 1 which indicated synergy. CONCLUSION： By comparing the interaction index values, we find that constituents in ASHMITM synergistically inhibited eotaxin-1 production as well as Th2 cytokine production.

Traditional Chinese Medicinal Syndromes and Treatment in Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer remains the third most common malignancy worldwide. According to the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), colorectal cancer is related to spleen-deficiency, damp-heat, and toxicity accumulation. Traditional Chinese medicine has been confirmed to effectively reduce toxic side effects and enhance curative effects of chemotherapy, palliate clinical syndrome, prevent recurrence and metastasis, improve quality of life and immune function, and prolong survival time in colorectal cancer. However, TCM theoretical and syndrome differentiation study has lagged far behind due to progression of therapy model in colorectal cancer. As a type of drug treatment, there are some common biological basis between chemotherapy, targeted therapy and anti-cancer herb therapy in colorectal cancer, such as apoptosis, cell senescence and autophagy. There are growing needs to explore the effect mechanism and compatibility of anti-cancer herbs, to further enhance the efficacy of TCM treatment in colorectal cancer.

Discussing the Dietary Regimen and Disease Prevention and its Application as an Anti‑epidemic Measure

This article discusses the role of dietary regimen in the traditional culture of Chinese medicine according to its origin.Dietary regimen is a technique that inherits the traditional culture of Chinese medicine.Through analysis of the characteristics of the dietary regimen and the discussion of the idea of disease prevention,the application of the dietary regimen in disease prevention is sought.Under the guidance of three key factors,the application of the dietary regimen in disease prevention is mainly manifested in two aspects.First,the dietary regimen can be used to guide the daily reasonable diet to maintain the human body in a balance of Yin and Yang,which could prevent the occurrence of diseases.Second,on the basis of minimizing health loss,it can be used for disease treatment,adjuvant treatment,and rehabilitation.Finally,taking preventive treatment as the guiding ideology,the application of a dietary regimen as an“anti‑epidemic”was briefly discussed.

丹参总酚酸联合anti-PD-L1调控髓源性巨噬细胞浸润抑制乳腺癌发生发展

目的探究丹参总酚酸(total salvianolic acid,TSA)联合anti-PD-L1通过调控髓源性巨噬细胞瘤内浸润抑制乳腺癌的发生发展。方法构建E0771乳腺癌皮下肿瘤模型。25只小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、TSA组(TSA 10 g·kg^(-1)),anti-PD-L1组(anti-PD-L110 mg·kg^(-1)),TSA联合anti-PD-L1组(TSA 10 g·kg^(-1)+anti-PD-L110 mg·kg^(-1))。TSA组每日灌胃给药,anti-PD-L1每3天1次腹腔注射,连续给药14 d。记录小鼠肿瘤体积变化及肿瘤、肝脏及脾脏重量。ELISA检测小鼠血浆中IL-6,MCP-1的含量,qPCR检测cxcl1,cxcl2,cxcl3,ccl2,gm-csf mRNA的表达,流式、免疫组化检测小鼠肿瘤、淋巴中髓源性巨噬细胞浸润情况,流式检测淋巴、脾脏CD4+T细胞、CD8+T细胞数量变化。结果与模型组相比,TSA,anti-PD-L1,TSA联合anti-PD-L1均可抑制E0771乳腺癌生长,减少IL-6、MCP-1分泌,降低cxcl1,cxcl2,cxcl3,ccl2,gm-csf mRNA表达,抑制髓源性巨噬细胞向肿瘤的募集,增加淋巴及脾脏内CD4+T细胞、CD8+T细胞数量,TSA联合anti-PD-L1治疗效果更佳显著。结论TSA联合anti-PD-L1显著抑制E0771乳腺癌皮下瘤发生发展进程,可能通过抑制髓源性巨噬细胞向肿瘤浸润,增强机体免疫效应发挥作用。

Exploration and Study of Jianpi Qushi Powder Combined with Standard Anti HP Quadruple Therapy in the Treatment of HP Infectious Gastritis of Spleen Deficiency and Dampness Stagnation Type

Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi Qushi powder combined with standard anti-HP quadruple therapy in the treatment of HP infectious gastritis with spleen deficiency and dampness stagnation. Methods: From January 2020 to December 2021, 223 patients with laboratory-confirmed HP infection who were admitted to the Outpatient and Inpatient Department of Internal Medicine in our hospital were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into two groups. 101 patients in the control group were given standard anti HP quadruple therapy;122 cases in the treatment group were given traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi Qushi powder combined with standard anti HP quadruple therapy. The two groups were rechecked carbon breath test after the designed course of treatment, and the curative effects of the two groups were compared. Results: 113 cases in the treatment group were cured by traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi Qushi powder combined with standard anti HP quadruple therapy, and the cure rate was 92.62%. 84 cases in the control group were cured by standard anti HP quadruple therapy, and the cure rate was 83.17%, χ2 = 4.7955, P = 0.0285, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Traditional Chinese medicine Jianpi Qushi powder combined with standard anti HP quadruple therapy in the treatment of HP infectious gastritis with spleen deficiency and dampness stagnation is one of the best treatment schemes for HP infection. The results of this study achieve the best clinical treatment effect, and provide a more valuable and reliable method for the treatment of gastropathy in clinical internal medicine, which is worthy of popularization and application.

肺系疫病海派中医临床诊疗专家共识

疫病是外感疫疠邪气所引起的,具有强烈传染性,且易引起大流行的一类急性发热性疾病的统称,也可称作“瘟疫”“瘟病”等。肺系疫病是以肺系为主要传染部位的一类疫病,相当于西医呼吸系统传染病范畴,包括传染性非典型肺炎、流行性感冒和新型冠状病毒感染等疾病,主要以发热、咳嗽为主症,常伴有肌肉酸痛、头痛、乏力等全身症状。

中药抗电离辐射药理作用及机制研究进展

中药具有高效、低毒、多靶点、特异性强等特点,其在辐射防护方面有着独特的优点。基于辐射对机体中免疫系统、造血系统和生殖系统的相关细胞及其通路损伤,以及DNA损伤和抗氧化应激,本文论述了近十年来中药及其复方抗辐射药理作用及机制的研究进展,并提出现有研究存在的问题,以期为后续新型辐射防护剂的中药产品开发提供参考。

18种中药多糖与Siglec-9的亲和力测试及其抗炎作用研究

目的比较18种中药多糖与唾液酸特异性Ig样凝集素-9(sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin,Siglec-9)的亲和力以及抗炎能力,探讨中药多糖发挥抗炎作用的新机制。方法选择18种不同药性的中药用水提醇沉法提取多糖,苯酚硫酸法检测多糖含量,高效液相色谱法检测多糖的单糖组成,红外光谱法检测中药多糖结构。通过竞争性ELISA法检测多糖与Siglec-9的亲和力,并研究中药多糖对LPS诱导巨噬细胞炎症反应以及R848诱导中性粒细胞NETosis的影响,利用髓系细胞特异性敲除Siglec-E(Lyz2-cre:Siglec-E flox/flox)小鼠来源的原代巨噬细胞和腹腔中性粒细胞进一步明确多糖结合Siglec-9产生抗炎作用的机制。结果中药多糖的糖含量均在55%以上,主要由甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、葡萄糖醛酸等组成,但单糖构成比各不相同。红外光谱检测4种代表性中药多糖均有典型的多糖吸收峰,柴胡和蒲公英多糖具有葡萄糖醛酸结构。枸杞和黄芪多糖与Siglec-9的亲和力,对LPS诱导的巨噬细胞炎症反应和R848诱导的中性粒细胞NETosis反应无显著抑制作用。柴胡和蒲公英多糖与Siglec-9亲和力较强(P<0.01),能够显著抑制上述炎症反应,但其抗炎作用在髓系细胞特异性敲除Siglec-E基因小鼠来源的巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞中消失。结论中药多糖与Siglec-9的亲和力有潜力成为研究中药抗炎作用的新的现代药理学机制。

几种中药体外抗猪流行性腹泻病毒活性的研究

为探究蒲公英、板蓝根、泽泻、葛根、黄芩5种中药水提物体外抑制猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)感染的效果,本研究先将不同浓度中药液分别2倍倍比稀释后加入非洲绿猴肾细胞(Vero细胞)中,观察各药物对细胞生长状态的影响来确定各药物的最大安全浓度。结果显示,蒲公英、板蓝根、泽泻、葛根、黄芩的最大安全浓度分别为3.91 mg/m L、1.95 mg/m L、1.95 mg/m L、0.98 mg/m L、0.98 mg/m L。以药物最大安全浓度为初始浓度,2倍倍比稀释各药物,共6个浓度,采用先加药物后加病毒(阻断作用),先加病毒后加药物(抑制作用)、药物和病毒同时加入(杀灭作用)3种不同加药的方式,加入已铺满单层Vero细胞的96孔细胞培养板中,72 h后加入CCK-8溶液1 h后测定各孔的OD_(450nm)值,评估阻断作用、抑制作用、杀灭作用下各药物对PEDV抑制率最高的浓度。结果显示,5种药物在阻断作用、抑制作用、杀灭作用下对PEDV抑制率最高的浓度分别为3.91 mg/m L、1.95 mg/m L、1.95 mg/m L、0.98 mg/m L以及0.98 mg/m L。以上述对PEDV抑制率最高的药物浓度为试验浓度,重复上述3种加药方式,72 h后加入CCK-8溶液1 h后测定各孔的OD_(450nm)值,计算3种作用方式下各药物对PEDV的抑制率,筛选出对PEDV抑制率最高的药物。结果显示,各中药均可在体外抑制PEDV的感染,阻断作用下黄芩对PEDV的抑制率最高达138.10%,抑制作用下蒲公英对PEDV的抑制率最高达149.90%,杀灭作用下葛根对PEDV的抑制率最高达102.90%,且蒲公英和黄芩在3种作用方式下对PEDV的抑制率均高于80%。以上结果表明蒲公英和黄芩体外抗PEDV感染的效果最好,本研究首次证实5种中药对体外抗PEDV感染的效果,为中药治疗PED提供了参考依据。

中国鸽毛滴虫病的流行规律及中西医防治措施

鸽子是中国四大家禽产品之一,家鸽、肉鸽和观赏鸽等鸽养殖行业在中国各地区繁育广泛,然而由鸽源禽毛滴虫引起的一种导致鸽子消瘦、腹泻、生长发育迟缓等症状的寄生性单细胞原虫病的鸽毛滴虫病,阻碍兽医临床鸽养殖业的发展,带来的巨大经济损失。本文就中国鸽毛滴虫病的流行病学规律、毛滴虫检测方法进行综述,并总结归纳中西医防治毛滴虫病的策略,为防治临床鸽毛滴虫病相关疾病提供参考。

Traditional Chinese medicine molecule-assisted chemical synthesis of fluorescent anti-cancer silicon nanoparUcles

Fluorescent silicon （Si） nanopartides （SiNPs） hold great promise for innumerable biological and biomedical applications owing to their unique optical properties and negligible toxicity. In this article, we present a new traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） molecule-assisted chemical synthetic strateg36 suitable for the production of multifunctional small-sized （diameter： - 3.7 nm） SiNPs in a facile and rapid （- 10 min） manner. Of particular significance, the resultant SiNPs simultaneously exhibited robust and stable fluorescence （photoluminescence quantum yield （PLQY）： ~ 15%）, as well as intrinsic anti-cancer efficacy with excellent selectivity toward cancer cells. Taking advantage of these unique merits, we further employed these novel fluorescent anti-cancer SiNPs （AC-SiNPs） for the fluorescence tracking and treatment of tumors, demonstrating long-term （~ 18 days） inhibition of tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. Consequently, we believe this new TCM-assisted chemical synthetic method is highly attractive for designing silicon nanostructures featuring multiple functionalities, and we suggest these AC-SiNPs as novel promising tools for providing visual evidence of TCM-based cancer treatment.

多组学整合策略在中药抗抑郁机制研究中的应用

抑郁症是一种常见的精神和心理疾病,发病机制复杂,中医辨证论治治疗抑郁症具有因人而异、因病而异的独特优势。随着分子生物学技术快速发展,多组学技术在中药有效成分抗抑郁效果的分析中得到广泛应用。文章系统介绍了多组学的核心技术,重点综述了近年来基因组学、蛋白质组学、转录组学、代谢组学和多组学整合技术在中药抗抑郁作用机制研究中的思路、方法和进展,为推进多组学技术在中药治疗抑郁症中的应用提供参考。