Natural products and food components with anti-Helicobacter pylori activities

The bacterial pathogen Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonizes in over half of the world’s population. H. pylori that establishes life-long infection in the stomach is definitely associated with gastro-duodenal diseases and a wide variety of non-gastrointestinal tract conditions such as immune thrombocytopenia. Triple therapy which consists of a proton pump inhibitor and combinations of two antibiotics (amoxicillin, clarithromycin or amoxicillin, metronidazol) is commonly used for H. pylori eradication. Recently, the occurrence of drug-resistant H. pylori and the adverse effect of antibiotics have severely weakened eradication therapy. Generally antibiotics induce the disturbance of human gastrointestinal microflora. Furthermore, there are inappropriate cases of triple therapy such as allergy to antibiotics, severe complications (liver and/or kidney dysfunction), the aged and people who reject the triple therapy. These prompt us to seek alterative agents instead of antibiotics and to develop more effective and safe therapy with these agents. The combination of these agents actually may result in lower a dose of antibiotics. There are many reports world-wide that non-antibiotic substances from natural products potentially have an anti-H. pylori agent. We briefly review the constituents derived from nature that fight against H. pylori in the literature with our studies.

Antioxidant Properties of Rosemary and Its Potential Uses as Natural Antioxidant in Dairy Products—A Review

Dairy products contain lipids rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and their esters are easily oxidized by molecular oxygen over time. Deleterious changes in dairy products caused by lipid oxidation include not only loss of flavour or development of off-flavours, but also loss of colour, nutrient value, and the accumulation of compounds, which may be detrimental to the health of consumers. One of the most effective ways of retarding lipid oxidation in dairy products is to incorporate antioxidants. Sometimes synthetic phenolic antioxidant, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are used to delay this oxidation. Supplementation dairy products with natural antioxidants (polyphenolic compounds) are better using than synthetic antioxidant and could be potentially. The use of rosemary as natural antioxidant in dairy products can reduce the rate of lipid oxidation and hydrolysis besides may be beneficial in increasing the shelf life of these products. This supplementation will move these products into the functional food area under new category as healthy dairy products. This literature review covers the research that has focused on rosemary as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that can inhibit the lipid oxidation and have health benefits by preventing carcinogens from binding to DNA, fight and stop pain. In this review, we survey the previous studies that were conducted on the application of rosemary extract as an antioxidant to extend the shelf life and to minimize nutritional losses of dairy product.

The Anti-Piracy Measure Using Encryption of Embedded Products May Mitigate the Security Strength

In this paper, firstly we describe the piracy problem of embedded products. Then we formulate the security features of anti-piracy embedded products. Finally we prove that the anti-piracy measure using encryption of embedded products may mitigate the security strength.

Study on Anti-gout Effect of Phellodendron amurense and Its Processed Products

[Objectives] This study was conducted to study the anti-gout effect of Phellodendron amurense and its different processed products.[Methods] Extracts of P. amurense and its different processed products were fed to rats respectively, to observe uric acid and creatinine in the serum and swelling index.[Results] Compared with the data of positive control, P. amurense and the processed products could significantly reduce the high uric acid and creatinine in the serum, and also could resist the swelling in rats.[Conclusions] P. amurense and its processed products showed different degrees of anti-gout effect, and the processing methods were found to have no remarkable impact on this effect.

美拉德反应产物(Maillard Reaction Products MRPs)的生理活性及增量的技术措施

综述了美拉德反应产物抗氧化性能及重要的杂环类化合物—四甲基吡嗪阻抑肝细胞纤维化的作用,介绍了中国白酒中美拉德反应产物的分布,阐述了增加上述产物的技术措施。

Anti-nitric oxide production, anti-proliferation and antioxidant effects of the aqueous extract from Tithonia diversifolia

Objective: To determine the cytotoxicity, reduction in nitric oxide production and antioxidative activity of the aqueous leaf extract from Tithonia diversifolia(T. diversifolia) in an in vitro model.Methods: Leaves of T. diversifolia were collected from natural habitats and extracted with distilled water using the decoction method. The cytotoxic effect of the extract in terms of cell viability was determined using RAW264.7 cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) via the mitochondrial respiration method using the MTT reagent. The effect of the extract on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells was measured using the Griess reagent. The chemical antioxidant was evaluated by ABTS- and DPPH-radical scavenging assays.Results: The half-maximal cytotoxic concentration values were 145.87 mg/m L and73.67 mg/m L for human PBMCs and RAW264.7 cells, respectively. In the presence of phytohemagglutinin-M, the IC_(50) on PBMCs proliferation was 4.42 mg/m L. The noncytotoxic range of the extracts inhibited LPS-induced nitrite production in RAW264.7 cells with an IC_(50) value of 11.63 mg/m L. To determine the anti-oxidative properties, the N-acetyl cysteine equivalent antioxidant capacity of the extract was(32.62 ± 1.87) and(20.99 ± 2.79)mg N-acetyl cysteine/g extract, respectively determined by the ABTS-radical and DPPHradical assay. However, the extract did not confer death protection in a hydrogen peroxideinduced RAW264.7 co-culturing model.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the immunomodulation caused by the aqueous leaf extract of T. diversifolia, resulting from the inhibition of phytohemagglutinin-Minduced PBMCs proliferation and LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7macrophages. Although the anti-oxidative activity was presented in the chemical-based anti-oxidant assay, the extract cannot protect cell death from stress conditions.

Exploring the efficacy of natural products in alleviating Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease(hereafter AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system. There are multiple factors that cause AD, viz., accumulation of extracellular Amyloid-beta 42 plaques, intracellular hyper-phosphorylated Tau tangles, generation of reactive oxygen species due to mitochondrial dysfunction and genetic mutations. The plaques and tau tangles trigger aberrant signaling, which eventually cause cell death of the neurons. As a result, there is shrinkage of brain, cognitive defects, behavioral and psychological problems. To date, there is no direct cure for AD. Thus, scientists have been testing various strategies like screening for the small inhibitor molecule library or natural products that may block or prevent onset of AD. Historically, natural products have been used in many cultures for the treatment of various diseases. The research on natural products have gained importance as the active compounds extracted from them have medicinal values with reduced side effects, and they are bioavailable. The natural products may target the proteins or members of signaling pathways that get altered in specific diseases. Many natural products are being tested in various animal model systems for their role as a potential therapeutic target for AD, and to address questions about how these natural products can rescue AD or other neurodegenerative disorders. Some of these products are in clinical trials and results are promising because of their neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-amyloidogenic, anticholinesterase activities and easy availability. This review summarizes the use of animal model systems to identify natural products, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets for AD.

Development of Exterior Anti-corrosion Coating Production Line for Large Diameter Hot Bent Pipes

The epoxy powder exterior anti-corrosion coating production line for bent pipes with a single (double) course production is a technologically advanced bent pipe anti corrosion method with cost efficiency, environment friendliness and stable coating quality. The quality of the coating on the bent pipe fully meets the requirements of the current national and industrial standards. The application of the technology has filled the gap in the bent pipe anti corrosion coating area of China, and leads the world technologically. With this technology the coating quality of the bent pipe has greatly improved, resulting in significant social and economic benefits. With the use of the technology in various large scale pipeline projects such as the "West to East Gas Pipeline Project", it will exhibite a greater potential in the future pipeline projects with a broad application prospect.

榆树林油田CCUS采油工程方案优化设计与实践

大庆榆树林油田扶杨油层属低孔、特低渗透储层,针对以往开发过程中存在注水困难、压裂有效期短、水驱开发难以有效动用的问题,开展CO_(2)驱油技术现场试验。从经济性、技术适应性、配套工艺成熟性等角度对采油工程方案进行综合评价,优选出单、双管分层注入工艺、高气液比举升工艺、注采两端个性化防腐工艺及物理化学组合解冻堵工艺等CCUS采油工程技术。结果表明:试验区投产初期及目前生产情况均达到了油藏预测指标;采出井平均泵效及检泵周期与外围油田平均水平相持平,注气井与采出井腐蚀速率小于行业指标;实现CO_(2)有效埋存108.9×10^(4) t,比水驱预测采出程度提高采收率4.39百分点,取得较好的驱油开发效果。研究成果为CCUS示范区的高效建设提供了技术支撑,开辟了大庆油田外围难采储量有效动用的新途径。

Box-Behnken响应面法优化焙烤食品复配防腐剂的研究

本研究以纳他霉素、乳酸链球菌素、ε-聚赖氨酸和茄非可食部分生物碱提取液为主要原料,在单因素试验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken响应面法优化确定焙烤食品复配防腐剂最佳配比,并进行验证试验。结果表明,在纳他霉素浓度为0.078 g·kg^(-1)、乳酸链球菌素浓度为0.080 g·kg^(-1)、ε-聚赖氨酸浓度为0.060 g·kg^(-1)、茄非可食部分生物碱提取液浓度为14%时,复配防腐剂的抑菌效果最佳。验证试验分别测定对照组和试验组的菌落总数和霉菌数,对照组的菌落总数、霉菌数明显多于试验组,且试验组未检出霉菌。

技术进步、反鲍莫尔成本病与制造业占比

根据鲍莫尔的非均衡增长理论,技术进步会导致服务业占比上升,制造业占比下降,这就使得我国既要坚持创新驱动,又要保持制造业占比基本稳定面临理论上的悖论。本文立足我国服务业全要素生产率增速已经高于制造业全要素生产率增速的新变化,指出我国存在着反鲍莫尔成本病现象,即制造业领域而不是服务业领域存在鲍莫尔成本病,这修正了鲍莫尔理论模型,从技术进步角度找到了我国制造业占比下降的根本原因,为创新驱动和保持制造业占比基本稳定同步实现提出了逻辑一致的理论解释。此外,论文借助WIOD数据库2000—2014年17个制造业细分行业数据进行实证研究,结果显示,2011年起制造业TFP增速每提高1%,制造业占比将提高2.3%,TFP水平提升会增强制造业国际竞争力。

植物提取物在肉制品保鲜中的作用研究进展

植物多酚与精油类化合物是目前应用于肉制品工业的主要植物提取物,具有抗氧化、抑菌活性等特点,有望作为天然保鲜剂替代传统化学防腐剂应用于肉制品保鲜。文章阐述了肉制品在贮藏过程中的主要品质变化,重点总结了植物多酚与精油对肉制品的保鲜作用机制,介绍了目前植物提取物在肉制品保鲜中的应用。

不同品种楠木提取物抗炎活性评价

本研究对5种楠木的抗炎活性进行了初步评价,以期为进一步开发楠木资源和相关产品提供研究基础。采用溶剂萃取方式,对粗壮润楠、广东润楠、柳叶润楠、浙江润楠和闽楠等5种楠木进行提取,并以脂多糖诱导的RAW264.7细胞为炎症模型,采用Griess法和MTT法分别评价不同提取物对NO产生和细胞存活率的影响。结果表明,粗壮润楠二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯提取物、广东润楠正己烷提取物、柳叶润楠正己烷提取物、浙江润楠二氯甲烷提取物、闽楠水提取物对脂多糖诱导的RAW264.7细胞NO产生具有较好抑制作用,且对细胞存活率影响较小,其中粗壮润楠二氯甲烷提取物对NO的抑制作用最强。粗壮润楠二氯甲烷提取物的抗炎活性最好,有望进一步开发研究。

量子光学中将算符转化为反正规排序的简捷方法

利用相干态表象推导出了将算符反正规排序转化为正规排序的基本算符恒等式,并给出了把一般算符转化为反正规排序的基本方法.在此基础上,推导出了压缩算符的反正规乘积形式及其Wigner函数.

反倾销嵌入全球生产网络的级联效应仿真研究

本研究将复杂网络理论应用于投入产出模型并将其引入宏观经济学生产函数理论模型,对反倾销嵌入全球生产网络的内在机理与其产生的级联效应展开探讨与仿真模拟分析.研究发现:基于网络视角与投入产出关系,反倾销冲击对中间产品的贸易抑制作用要明显大于最终产品,多次跨境的中间品将会累积增加反倾销带来的贸易成本;反倾销带来的行业引致需求量降低与出口贸易受到抑制以及行业与国家总产出水平的波动等影响,会沿着以中间品贸易为基础的全球生产网络中的投入产出关系进行传播,从而产生显著的级联效应,并且该效应会随着不同国家-部门节点之间的联系紧密程度(贸易量)的降低而衰减;反倾销产生的级联效应不仅涉及全球生产网络中直接关联节点即涉案国(调查国与被调查国)的国内上下游行业,而且波及间接关联节点即非涉案国的第三方国家和地区,进而影响全球多边贸易发展,同时,级联效应也阻碍了网络节点参与全球价值链生产分工,导致了节点隶属国(地区)的国内价值链被拉长;反倾销嵌入全球生产网络后,会通过整个生产网络产生总量波动效应,从而改变全球生产网络的拓扑结构,即全球生产网络变的相对稀疏、节点间网络距离拉长等.

贸易政策不确定性与全球生产网络——基于内外资企业异质性视角

在逆全球化与贸易保护主义抬头的背景下,区分内外资企业在全球生产网络中的不同角色地位,以及有效应对不确定性贸易政策带来的冲击,对于探索内外资企业的差异化发展路径具有重要意义。基于反倾销发起方和非涉案方(第三方)视角,采用能够反映内外资企业异质性的AMNE数据库,考察反倾销引致的贸易政策不确定性对内外资企业全球生产网络地位的影响效应。研究发现:以反倾销调查衡量的贸易政策不确定性会促进反倾销发起方及非涉案方的外资企业生产网络地位攀升,其中对发达国家、制造业与反倾销发起方境内的外资企业生产网络地位促进作用更显著;贸易政策不确定性会对发起方及非涉案方的内资企业生产网络地位产生负向影响,其中对发展中国家、非制造业与反倾销非涉案方境内的内资企业生产网络地位抑制作用更显著;被调查国的OFDI会增强贸易政策不确定性对外资企业全球生产网络地位的正向效应以及对内资企业全球生产网络地位的负向效应。

硒的生理功能及其在动物生产中的应用研究进展

硒是动物机体必需的微量元素之一,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、防癌、免疫调节等功能。目前,硒在动物生产上的研究日益深入,但其对动物机体的具体调控机制还未被完全阐明。因此,笔者对硒的来源、摄入量、生理功能及在动物生产中的应用进行综述,为硒在动物生产上的进一步研究应用提供参考。

茶多酚对嗜水气单胞菌致病力的抑制作用

针对嗜水气单胞菌污染水产品所致动物感染和消费者食源性疾病等问题,筛选能够抑制嗜水气单胞菌致病力的天然产物茶多酚。溶血试验表明茶多酚对气溶素溶血活性具有直接抑制作用,通过荧光热漂移和七聚体形成试验分析其作用机制。结果表明,茶多酚虽在128μg/mL以下不抑制嗜水气单胞菌的生长,但能在1~8μg/mL直接抑制其主要毒力蛋白气溶素的溶血活性。荧光热漂移和七聚体试验发现,茶多酚通过与气溶素直接结合,降低了气溶素七聚体的形成并抑制其活性。细胞试验结果表明,4~8μg/mL茶多酚能对气溶素导致的人肺癌上皮细胞死亡具有显著的保护作用。此外,50 mg/kg茶多酚治疗可使斑点叉尾鮰嗜水气单胞菌感染模型的存活率提高至60%。综上,茶多酚通过直接与气溶素结合,抑制气溶素形成功能性七聚体而降低其活性,从而显著降低嗜水气单胞菌的体内、外致病力。研究结果提示茶多酚可作为抗生素替代或辅助药物用于治疗嗜水气单胞菌相关感染。

抗生殖活性化合物棉酚的研究进展

棉酚是一种从棉花种子、根和茎中提取的多酚化合物,最初被用作男性避孕药,进一步的研究发现其具有抗肿瘤的作用,近年的研究显示,对其进行结构改造后具有抗病毒的作用。本文综述了棉酚及其衍生物在抗生育以及抗前列腺癌方面的研究现状,并介绍了对棉酚进行结构改造得到的新的化合物在抗前列腺癌中的应用。

卷曲乳杆菌对女性生殖道健康的影响及抑菌和抗炎机制

乳杆菌是女性生殖道的重要定植菌,其中的卷曲乳杆菌与生殖道健康密切相关,对维持女性阴道微生态平衡起到重要作用。卷曲乳杆菌丰度降低可能与细菌性阴道病(BV)、外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(VVC)等多种女性生殖道疾病具有相关性,甚至导致不育、胚胎停育等不良妊娠结局。本文概述了卷曲乳杆菌的基本特性,其数量减少与生殖道疾病的关系,对白假丝酵母菌、衣原体等阴道致病菌的抑制能力及抑菌机制,以及卷曲乳杆菌的抗炎作用,以期为卷曲乳杆菌在阴道用药方面提供参考。