New Problems of Boiler Corrosion after Coupling Combustion of Coal and Biomass and Anti-Corrosion Technologies

This study explores the corrosion issues arising from the coupled combustion of coal and biomass and proposes potential solutions.Biomass,as a renewable energy source,offers advantages in energy-saving and carbon reduction.However,the corrosive effects of alkali metal compounds,sulfur(S)and chlorine(Cl)elements in the ash after combustion cannot be underestimated due to the high volatile content of biomass fuels.We investigate the corrosion mechanisms,as well as the transfer of Cl and alkali metal elements during this process.Comparative corrosion analyses are conducted among coal-fired boilers,pure biomass boilers and boilers with coupled combustion.Various biomass types in co-firing are studied to understand different corrosion outcomes.The main factors influencing corrosion include the physicochemical properties of biomass feedstock,furnace temperature and heating surface materials,with the chemical composition and ash content of biomass playing a dominant role.Currently,the methods used for anti-corrosion include water washing pretreatment of biomass feedstock,application of novel alloys and coatings and the development of additives to inhibit fouling,ash deposition and corrosion.Efficient inhibitors are economical and easy to produce.Additionally,biomass can be converted into biomass gasification gas,although challenges related to tar still need to be addressed.

Study on Technical Measures of Romashkino Oil Field after Entering Ultra-High Water Cut Stage

Romashkino oil field has large oilfield area, small formation dip, many reservoir layers, wide oil-water transition zone and complicated sedimentary environment. Since development, 3 overall development plannings and adjustments of individual block have been established. This achieves a high oil production. However, the recoverable reserves of major oil layer with high production become smaller and smaller and the water cut increases over time, the production ability of oil layer decreases. The development status of oil layer of mining siltstone, oil-water transition zone and oil layer with upswept injected water cannot be changed under present dilute well network condition, because there is no reinforced measurement to water well. This results the low oil production of Romashkino oil field. In order to improve oil production rate and reach the designed oil recovery, Romashkino oil field has been implemented many added cuttings since development. Resent researches about Romashkino oil field show: in later oilfield development stage, sidetrack and lateral drilling horizontal wells technology is very reasonable;formation hydraulic fracturing technology has been widely used in recent years;in tertiary oil recovery, sweep efficiency and flooding efficiency related technologies have been taken. This offers reference and guidance for the effective and reasonable oil field development in later period.

A policy and technical measures for controlling soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau of China

Loess Plateau is the most serious region of soil and water loss in China and the world. The sediment carried into the Yellow River amounts to 1.6 billion tons every year. This paper reviews the factors and reasons for erosion in this area, and puts forward a comprehensive controlling policy on the basis of the principles of ecology and practise of Chinese scientists for 40 years. In conformity with the policy, a number of technical measures for controlling soil and water loss are suggested.

Analysis on the Technical Standardization System of Juvenile Product in Europe and the United States of America and Strategies of Technical Measures of Trade

China is the largest country in the trade of juvenile products in the world. However, the products suffered the loss of technical barriers to trade from Europe and the United States of America increased year by year. This paper analyzes the standard system of juvenile products in Europe and the United States of America with the method of standard comparison, to find its relative technical advantages, explore the reasons for the recall notification of juvenile products exported to the above regions by China, propose strategies for breaking down the technical measures of trade, and promote the development of international juvenile product export trade.

Study on Factors Influencing the Quality of Automatic Monitoring Data of Pollution Sources and Technical Assurance Measures

Automatic monitoring data of pollution sources is an important basis for environmental supervision and management.At present,it is difficult to guarantee the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources,and it is difficult to play the role of the monitoring data.In response to this problem,the factors influencing the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources were analyzed in detail,and technical assurance measures for the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources in Shandong Province were studied.Besides,the dynamic management and control idea of automatic monitoring of pollution sources was proposed,and specific technical measures were analyzed from five aspects of standardizing automatic monitoring equipment of pollution sources,improving the data collection and transmission system,establishing a mechanism for reporting operating status information of monitoring equipment,setting alarm rules and alarm processing procedures,and statistically analyzing the operating status of the equipment.Practice has proved that the dynamic management and control system can effectively ensure the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources.

The measure and decision of technical risk in the development of naval vessels

The risks in development of navy vessels were explored, The resources of technical risk in the design and development of vessels were mentioned, It was pointed that technical risk dominated the other risk components. Based on the writers＇ understanding and experience from risk analysis and risk ,nanagement to the development of a navy vessel, four measure indexes of technical risk were presented. The decision criteria and the rules corresponding to the indexes were estahlished by the statistic information,

STUDY ON MEASURE OF TECHNICAL INNOVATION ABILITY IN MEDIUM AND SMALL MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES

Measure index system of technical innovation in medium and smallmanufacturing enterprises is established according to principles of exploration, adaptability,standardization, generalization, feasibility, comparability and combination of economic benefit andcontinual development. It includes index of technical innovation capacity, informationaladministration on technical innovation, and investment of technical innovation, economic benefit,green technical level, social contribution and other influential indexes. Approach to measure oftechnical innovation in medium and small manufacturing enterprises is presented based on combinationof grey relation and fuzzy hiberarchy analysis, and conclusions are drawn based on practicalanalysis of 20 medium and small enterprises, which provides the basis for the medium and smallenterprises to select technical innovation policies and the government to constitute relativepolicies.

Vocational and Technical Education Master's Employment-oriented Study

In recent years,as China's rapid economic development,vocational and technical education has been gradually recognized by the society.As highly educated people,vocational and technical education graduate is an important force in the development of vocational education.But in reality,their employment orientation deviate from the trend of the profession and only a small part of them do related work after graducation.Combined with the current development status of vocational education,the article analysis the reasons of this problem and give policy recommendations,so as to create a good environment for vocational and technical education talented people.

Occurrence, Damage and Control Measures of Main Forest Pests in Sanyuan District, Sanming City

From 2015 to 2017, a total of 1957 investigation sites were set up in Sanyuan District of Sanming City, to conduct a comprehensive investigation on the species, occurrence and distribution of forest pests in 200 species of plants. The results showed that there were 163 species of forest pests in Sanyuan District, including 122 species of pests and 41 species of diseases. Dendrolimus punctatus walker, Monochamus alternatus Hope, Pantana phyllostachysae Chao, Loudonta dispar(Kiriakoff), Rammeacris kiangsu(Tsai) and Schizotetranychus nanjingensis Ma et Yuan were common forest pests, and Bursaphelenchus xylophilus(Steiner et Burher) Nickle was an invasive forestry quarantine disease. The prevention and control measures and technical measures against B. xylophilus and common forest pests were put forward, in order to provide scientific basis for productive control.

Occurrence and Epidemic Dynamics and Control Countermeasures of Important Sugarcane Diseases in Rainy and Humid Season

The rainy and humid season from July to September is the crucial period for elongation and jointing and yield performance of sugarcane,and also a peak occurrence and damage period of many important sugarcane diseases. In order to prevent large-area outbreak of sugarcane diseases and ensure safe growth in late stage,the occurrence dynamics of important sugarcane diseases in the rainy and humid season was analyzed and discussed from the aspects of three epidemic outbreak elements of plant diseases: host plant,pathogen and environmental condition. Moreover,the corresponding control ideas and technical countermeasures were put forward according to the epidemic characteristic of sugarcane diseases and the actual sugarcane production.

Representation of residual stress symbol in the technical product documentation

A representation of residual stress graphic symbols in technical product documents is studied.The residual stress state of the product can be annotated in the technical product documents such as design drawings,process documents,test reports,papers and monographs.The composition of residual stress and the design of basic symbols,measurement method symbols,relief method symbols and state symbols of residual stress,and the representation of annotation for residual stress in documents are introduced.Residual stress symbol can be used in the design,manufacturing,inspection and service for the residual stress state requirements of the products in the mechanical manufacturing industry,as well as in light industry,daily necessities and other related industries.

探索3E方法在教学实验室负面清单管理制度中的应用

高校化学教学实验室内存在很多危险因素,管理方法和技术手段采用不当会引起师生受伤,进而影响实验教学的正常进行。负面清单管理制度可简明扼要地将各种实验教学和实验室管理过程中发现的问题进行归纳总结,做好负面清单的整理和持续改进是强化高校化学实验教学实验室安全管理的有效方法之一。本文在总结现阶段高校化学实验教学实验室的各种影响因素的基础上,形成有针对性的负面清单,开展有针对性的实验室安全教育和培训E(education)、采取有效的实验室工程技术安全措施E(engineering)、强化实验室安全强制措施E(enforcement),形成了3E方法与负面清单管理制度相结合的化学教学实验室安全模式。该制度的可持续发展模式在化学教学实验室管理中收获良好效果,为高校化学教学实验室安全管理提供参考。

苏里格气田气井增产挖潜技术对策

本文根据苏里格气田地质特征及气井生产情况分析了气井增产挖潜的必要性,从储层、积液、井筒、地面四个方面对增产技术进行研究分析,提出了16项增产挖潜技术系列,从多个角度全方位对挖潜技术进行介绍,有效地解决了苏里格气田低产气井增产挖潜难题,保障了低产气井系统化、规模化评价挖潜实施。

跨境数据流动规则的发展趋势、现实挑战与治理建议

[目的/意义]研究全球数据跨境流动发展新趋势,对进一步优化营商境,提升吸引外资能级具有现实意义。[方法/过程]阐述国外跨境数据流动现状,对DEPA、RCEP和CPTPP在个人信息保护、跨境数据流动规则和信息储存本地化中的相关条款进行比较,分析我国推进跨境数据流动的成效与存在问题。[结果/结论]提出我国应积极参与国际标准制(修)订,对接DEPA跨境数据流动规则,完善相关法规,建设高效安全数据流通基础设施,实施跨境流动数据分级分类管理,积极探索DEPA成员间跨境数据安全流动合作机制。

WTO-TBT通报评议对提升国际贸易规则制定领域中国话语权的影响分析

近年来,技术性贸易措施已成为制约我国产品出口的重要非关税性措施。TBT通报作为WTO最官方和正式的技术性贸易措施发布渠道,是体现WTO成员技术性贸易措施方向和趋势的重要文件。通报评议是反映企业实际诉求和降低产业出口损失的有效途径。本文对移动通信技贸措施研究评议基地的工作机制、工作流程及应对成功案例进行分析,并基于分析结果提出高质量建设技贸基地、有效应对技贸措施的可行性建议。

马克思主义技术进步测度的理论基础建构——基于马克思劳动生产力及其相关理论

构建马克思主义技术进步测度的理论基础,是发展马克思技术进步和经济增长理论的关键环节。马克思主义技术进步测度建立在马克思劳动生产力理论基础之上。在马克思主义经济学里,劳动生产力理论以劳动价值为立论前提,劳动价值理论和劳动生产力理论共同贯穿马克思主义技术进步测度理论基础构建的全过程。特别地,劳动生产率是唯一一个同时与价值和使用价值发生关系的生产率指标。劳动价值、劳动生产率和技术进步三者之间的内在逻辑关系,决定了劳动价值与劳动生产率在马克思主义技术进步测度中的作用机制。在马克思主义技术进步测度理论的发展过程中,须把握劳动生产力和劳动生产率的变动规律,借鉴主流经济学测度技术进步的方法和手段,围绕劳动生产率指标建构技术进步测度方法体系。

受贿行贿一起查的证据法挑战及其应对

受贿行贿一起查是党中央作出的决策部署。坚持受贿行贿一起查,对于净化权力运行环境、消除受贿犯罪诱因、推进贿赂犯罪的源头治理具有重要意义。在传统的贿赂犯罪查办模式中,办案机关通常采取特别减免行贿者刑事责任的方式,以换取行贿者的证言及其对办案活动的配合,进而实现对受贿者刑事责任的追究。受贿行贿一起查必然要求严格控制对行贿者适用此种激励机制,从而会影响行贿者认罪和供述的积极性,给贿赂犯罪的证明和追诉带来重大挑战。贯彻受贿行贿一起查的反腐败方略,需要在遵循罪责刑相适应原则追究受贿人和行贿人刑事责任的同时,破解贿赂犯罪的证明难题,审慎构建污点证人豁免制度,重视发挥技术调查措施的作用,优化推定证明机制,有限度地引入合意事实观。

大型LNG接收站软基处理关键技术问题分析

LNG接收站(尤其是储罐)的结构安全等级高,相应的地基处理的标准也高,对材料、地基承载力及工后沉降要求很高。而建设工期又非常紧张,就需要快速且高标准地完成地基处理。根据项目的具体特点,在设计和施工上采取了分区施工,加密塑料排水板等技术措施,有效缩短了地基处理的工期。为保证真空预压的处理效果,通过分区控制,边界密封,采用新型抽真空设备等措施,对施工中可能出现的不利因素采取相应的技术保证措施,降低工程质量风险。本工程工期、处理效果均满足要求,可为今后类似项目地基处理提供参考。

“技防+监督”防控公立医院廉政风险的相关问题探讨

为了深入了解某省属公立医院关键重点岗位的廉政风险防控监督情况,通过问卷调查、结构化访谈等方法,全面分析了当前监督工作中存在的问题与挑战,提出了以“技防+监督”方式强化廉政风险防控的重要意义及相应解决方案。调研选取某省属公立医院的多个关键重点岗位员工作为调查对象,通过设计问卷和开展结构化访谈,收集了大量第一手资料。调研发现公立医院在廉政风险防控监督方面存在监督部门缺乏信息技术人才,监督工作的制度化、标准化程度有待提高,信息泄露、篡改等风险不容忽视。调研提出“完善制度,摸清底数,统一科学谋划;排查词库,精准聚焦,强化节点管控;梳理流程,制定表单,稳步推进联网;嵌入系统,规范运行,实现风险防控”的规范化、标准化管理解决方案,护航公立医院高质量发展。

一种氟化反应产物生产的风险分析及安全技术措施

利用危险及可操作性方法,结合精细化工反应热评估结果,对一种采用氟化氢溶剂法生产六氟磷酸锂的间歇反应釜生产技术进行安全分析,查找出该工艺氟化反应、合成反应过程存在的反应失控、温度过高、反应釜压力过高等异常事件,及由此引发高毒介质泄漏带来人员中毒的现实风险。提出了本质安全设计、仪表联锁控制、异常情况保护、人员技能提升等削减风险的措施建议。对采取的措施进一步开展保护层分析,可知生产过程风险处在可接受水平。