Comparison Research on Anti-dumping Duty Rates between Administrative Review and Welfare Maximization under Dynamic Game of Perfect Information

Using economics and game theory, two kinds of models have been proposed in this paper under the assumption that foreign and domestic firms behave under the condition of dynamic game of perfect information. One model is for calculating Anti-dumping rate which is obtained according to current regulations of Anti-dumping, but it is not optimal. The other is an optimal model of Anti-dumping which is obtained according to the maximum principle of domestic social welfare. Then, through the comparison of this two models in detail, several shortages have been revealed about Anti-dumping rate model based on current regulations of Anti-dumping. Finally, a suggestion is indicated that WTO and China should use the optimal model to calculate Anti-dumping rate.

Construction of Strategic Supporting-System for Anti-dumping Measures on China's Agricultural Products

With the international trade theories as the basis,this study started with researches on the reality of agricultural products that often experience anti-dumping,carried out a careful study on the construction of business strategic supporting-system to cope with the anti-dumping so as to promote the association governance and industrial warning mechanism and to provide new strategic thinking and theoretical support for the exporters to cope with anti-dumping.

Solutions of the Growing Use of Anti-dumping Measures by Countries in Recent Decades

In recent decades, international trade has evolved into a complex system of trade barriers to ensure the protection of domestic industry and its workers interests. However as tariffs have fallen and international trade tends to be free trade, countries have found another way of protecting domestic industries from foreign competition—non-tariff protection. Among them anti-dumping is the most controversial subject that is involved in the foreign trade. This theme will analyze the reason and effect of growing use anti-dumping measures by countries in recent decades and try to give some possible solutions.

Game Analysis of Implementing Price Undertaking Agreements in Anti-dumping Disputes

The Price Undertaking Agreement is one of the strategies a company accused of dumping often adopts in dealing with anti-dumping disputes.Using static game analysis,this paper compares the impact that anti-dumping duties and price undertaking agreements may have on an importing country's social welfare and an accused company's market performance.We conclude that,compared with anti-dumping duties,price undertakings improve the importing country's social welfare and reduce the accused company's market share in the import country.We also note that,in addition to the financial benefit,price undertakings can prevent escalation of trade disputes in international trade negotiations.

Study on the use of trade barrier of anti-dumping in China

WTO allows its members to use anti-dumping barrier to combat unfair competition. Nowadays, anti-dumping barrier has been dominant protective trade measure in the world, while in China, this measure is still not fully used and at low level. For the purpose of protecting domestic industries and enhancing national welfare, China should use this barrier cautiously and construct its own anti-dumping system at the same time.

Why Has China Become a Target of Anti-dumping Activities?

Although the benefits of China’s trade expansion have been distributed much more broadly than those of some early industrialized nations,China has become the primary target of anti-dumping activities.Being a new and relatively efficient new rival in the global market may be an important reason for this.On the other hand,China’s development stage and her trade structure also place her in a disadvantageous position when it comes to anti-dumping activities.

The Impact of Network Topologies and Radio Duty Cycle Mechanisms on the RPL Routing Protocol Power Consumption

The Internet of Things(IoT)has witnessed a significant surge in adoption,particularly through the utilization of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),which comprise small internet-connected devices.These deployments span various environments and offer a multitude of benefits.However,the widespread use of battery-powered devices introduces challenges due to their limited hardware resources and communication capabilities.In response to this,the Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF)has developed the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks(RPL)to address the unique requirements of such networks.Recognizing the critical role of RPL in maintaining high performance,this paper proposes a novel approach to optimizing power consumption.Specifically,it introduces a developed sensor motes topology integrated with a Radio Duty Cycling(RDC)mechanism aimed at minimizing power usage.Through rigorous analysis,the paper evaluates the power efficiency of this approach through several simulations conducted across different network topologies,including random,linear,tree,and elliptical topologies.Additionally,three distinct RDC mechanisms—CXMAC,ContikiMAC,and NullRDC—are investigated to assess their impact on power consumption.The findings of the study,based on a comprehensive and deep analysis of the simulated results,highlight the efficiency of ContikiMAC in power conservation.This research contributes valuable insights into enhancing the energy efficiency of RPL-based IoT networks,ultimately facilitating their widespread deployment and usability in diverse environments.

Anti-dumping in Textiles and Clothing

In the run up to the expiry of quota restrictions that had long regulated much of global trade in textiles and clothing, many a pundit predicted widespread recourse to anti-dumping actions.

NCTO Endorses Mexican Anti-dumping Case With China

The president of the National Council of Textile Organizations(NCTO )has written a letter to the Mexican Economic Secretary Hugo Diaz strongly endorsing his country’s decision to seek a World Trade Organization(WTO)

Anti-dumping Investigation Puts Pressure on China

Under the pressure of the anti- dumping investigations on silk fabrics launched by the Indian government, the China Chamber of Commerce for Import & Export of Textiles (CCCT) announced that it has decided not to hold the Silk Trade Fair (Autumn) this year, in order to avoid the negative effects the case might bring.

Nocturnal sentry duty and cardiometabolic characteristics in armed forces personnel

BACKGROUND Sleep deprivation can lead to increased body weight and blood pressure(BP),but the latent effects of partial sleep deprivation related to required night sentry duties within a short-term period on cardiometabolic characteristic changes in military personnel are unclear.AIM To investigate the association between night sentry duty frequency in the past 3 months and cardiometabolic characteristics in armed forces personnel.METHODS A total of 867 armed forces personnel who were aged 18-39 years and did not take any antihypertensive medications in Taiwan in 2020 were included.The frequency of night sentry duty was self-reported via a questionnaire(average number of night sentry shifts per month for the past 3 months).Hemodynamic status was assessed via the resting BP and pulse rate(PR).Cardiometabolic risk factors were defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria.Multivariable linear regression analyses of the associations between night sentry duties and PR,BP,and other metabolic syndrome(MetS)marker levels were performed,with adjustments for age,sex,substance use,body mass index and aerobic fitness.Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the associations between night sentry duties and the prevalence of each MetS feature.

Anti-Dumping on and from China

The past years saw an increased cases of anti-dumping on China mostly from the developed countries,some from developing countries.But Pakistan,a friendly neighbor to China,recently adds up to that list of ranks for an anti-dumping investigation on China.It is the national interests that count most,after all. It gives out a signal that anti-dumping would be a frequent tool to defend or to attack. Evidences show China is a target for this trade remedy,but is also targeting others.

Ministry of Commerce's Final Arbitration on Anti-dumping Investigation on Nonyl Pheno

The Ministry of Commerce of People’s Republic of China issued the Announcement No.11,2007 of

China,India in sharp contrast in anti-dumping action

Based on 1995-2008 data, the author researched China and India’s anti-dumping situations, examining the level ofinternational status and countries and industries involved, and analyzed the symmetry between China and India’sinitiation and the encounter of anti-dumping cases using the index of accusation symmetry (IA) and the index ofsanction symmetry (IS); based on this, the author surveyed India’s successful anti-dumping experiences and analyzedwhy China is frequently accused of anti-dumping, yet loses most anti-dumping petitions initiated against othercountries.The author then put forward policy suggestions regarding how to reduce the intensity of anti-dumpingaccusations filed against China and intensify the strength of its own anti-dumping actions filed against other dumpingnations.

生成式人工智能服务提供者著作权侵权责任认定

生成式人工智能服务提供者不能简单以“技术中立”作为免责事由,从成本效益的经济理性、危险控制理论来看,服务提供者承担著作权侵权责任具有必要性基础。对生成式人工智能服务提供者可以采取解释论立场,确立其作为新型网络服务提供者的主体地位,并结合生成式人工智能特性与侵权场景适当调整其侵权责任认定,包括引入过错推定作为归责原则和探索注意义务的重构。注意义务的认定应遵循一种客观、动态的认定标准,具体内容涉及数据来源合法、算法优化训练、监督用户合规使用义务。实践中,生成式人工智能侵权表现为不同行为形态、违反不同注意义务内容,因而有必要类型化构建生成式人工智能服务提供者的著作权侵权责任规则。同时,为维系利益平衡与促进技术发展,需要构建包括意思自治保留下责任分配、用户免责下侵权阻却等责任限制规则。

永磁轮毂电机最优磁链矢量无权重价值函数模型预测转矩控制

永磁轮毂电机的外转子通常与轮辋轮胎直接相联结,相比内转子永磁驱动电机,转动惯量较大,其速度响应明显滞后负载变化。因此,复杂运行工况下,永磁轮毂电机驱动系统转速不稳定,电动车辆行走路径易出现偏移。为解决轮毂驱动下电动车辆的这一固有技术难题,提出一种磁链为唯一约束条件的无权重价值函数模型预测转矩控制(model predictive torque control,MPTC)策略,可实现复杂多变动态工况下电动车辆稳定运行的工作需求。所提价值函数将转矩、定子磁链幅值约束统一为定子磁链矢量的优化,消除了权重系数的整定,提高了复杂运行工况下轮毂电机的反应速度。同时,引入有效电压矢量与零电压矢量切换瞬间的定子磁链,以此为评估依据选择最优电压矢量,可降低转矩与定子磁链脉动,从而提高轮毂电机转速控制精度。实验验证了控制方法的正确性和有效性。

论替代交易规则——以《民法典合同编通则解释》第60条第2款为中心

《民法典合同编通则解释》第60条第2款确立的替代交易规则不仅具有比较法上的基础,而且其功能具有多样性,是可得利益损失的重要计算方式。替代交易规则主要适用于以种类物为标的物的合同,在以劳务或特定物给付为内容的合同中也有适用余地,但必须以发生根本违约为前提。替代交易规则原则上以解除合同为必要,但在特殊情形下也可以不解除合同而直接进行替代交易。替代交易尚须具有合理性,从而将不具有合理性的替代交易排除于可赔偿范围之外,以此保护违约方的利益。市场价格是判断替代交易合理性的依据,但并非唯一依据。除非出于减损规则的要求,替代交易并非一项义务,非违约方可以选择进行替代交易或者依据市场价格获得赔偿。通过替代交易规则可以解决继续性定期合同中可得利益损害计算的难题。实施替代交易后,非违约方原则上不得再请求违约方履行原给付,非违约方实施替代交易后应负有减损义务。