Synthesis and in vitro Anti-hepatitis B Virus Activity of Some Ethyl 5-Hydroxy-4-substituted Aminomethyl-2-sulfinylmethyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylates

A novel series of ethyl 5-hydroxy-4-substituted aminomethyl-2-sulfinylmethyl-lH-indole-3-carboxylates 8a--8j and 11e--11f was synthesized and evaluated in HepG2.2.15 cells for their anti-hepatitits B virus（HBV） activity and cytotoxicity. Among them, six compounds showed more potent inhibitory activity than lamivudine. Compound 8e exhibited the most significant anti-HBV activity with an IC50 value of 1.62 μmol/L, which was 33-times more potent than the reference drug lamivudine（IC50=54.78μmol/L）.

Apigenin ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis in C57BL/6J mice by inactivating STAT3 and NF-κB

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease featured by patches on the skin.It is caused by malfunction of immune cells and keratinocytes with inflammation as one of its key features.Apigenin(API)is a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties.Therefore,we speculated that API can ameliorate psoriasis,and determined its effect on the development of psoriasis by using imiquimod(IMQ)-induced psoriasis mouse model.Our results showed that API attenuated IMQ-induced phenotypic changes,such as erythema,scaling and epidermal thickening,and improved splenic hyperplasia.Abnormal differentiation of immune cells was restored in API-treated mice.Mechanistically,we revealed that API is a key regulator of signal transducer activator of transcription 3(STAT3).API regulated immune responses by reducing interleukin-23(IL-23)/STAT3/IL-17A axis.Moreover,it suppressed IMQ-caused cell hyperproliferation by inactivating STAT3 through regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)pathway.Furthermore,API reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines through inactivation of NF-κB.Taken together,our study demonstrates that API can ameliorate psoriasis and may be considered as a strategy for psoriasis treatment.

Bioactive chemical constituents from the marine-derived fungus Cladosporium sp.DLT-5

A new isochromanone,cladosporinisochromanone(1),accompanied by 15 known compounds(2–16)were obtained from secondary metabolites produced by marine-derived fungus Cladosporium sp.DLT-5.NMR and HRESIMS spectra elucidation determined the planar structure of 1.Subsequent electronic circular dichroism(ECD)experiment assigned the absolute configuration of 1.Compounds 1,2,4–6,and 10 displayed different degrees of neuroprotective activities on human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y.Five compounds(1,3–5,and 13)emerged resistance to protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B),further kinetic analysis and molecular docking study indicated that the most potent compound 13(IC50value of 10.74±0.61μmol/L)was found as a noncompetitive inhibitor for PTP1B.Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)and molecular docking studies also demonstrated the interaction between compound 12 and Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1(NPC1L1),which has been identified as significant therapeutic target for hypercholesteremia.In addition,compounds 3,6,and 14 showed attractive inhibitory activity against the phytopathogenic fungi:Colletotrichum capsici.Therefore,library of Cladosporium metabolites is enriched and new active uses of known compounds are explored.

Synthesis and in vitro-Anti-hepatitis B Virus Activities of Several Ethyl 5-Hydroxy-1H-indole-3-carboxylates

A series of ethyl 5-hydroxyindole-3-earboxylates 6a-10r was designed and synthesized. The structures of all the compounds were confirmed by IR, ^1H NMR, and MS and their anti-hepatitis B virus （HBV） activities were evaluated in 2.2.15 cells. Among them, compound 7g { ethyl 5-hydroxy-2- [ （ 3-methoxyphenylsulfinyl ） methyl ] -1-methyl-4- [ （4-methylpiperazin-1-yl） methyl ]-1H-indole-3-carboxylate} displays a significant anti-HBV activity, which is more potent than the positive control lamivudine.

Anti-hepatitis B virus active secoiridoids from Swertia kouitchensis

Three new secoiridoids, swertiakoulactone (1) and swertiakosides A and B (2 and 3), were isolated from Swertia kouitchensis. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses including MS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR data. By the anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) assay on Hep G 2.2.15 cells line in vitro, compound 1 showed moderate activities inhibiting the HBsAg secretion (IC50 = 1.10 mM, SI = 4.39) and HBV DNA replication (IC50 = 1.16 mM, SI = 4.12).

钢渣/氮掺杂改性活性炭催化过硫酸盐降解罗丹明B

以提高钢渣资源化利用和深度降解有机污染物为研究目标,通过改变氨气煅烧温度制备了系列钢渣/氮掺杂改性活性炭复合材料,并用于催化过硫酸钠处理罗丹明B(RhB)废水。同时采用N2吸附/脱附、XRD、XPS等手段对复合材料的孔结构和表面性质进行了表征。结果表明:氮元素的引入可改善复合材料中活性金属与活性炭之间的相互作用,从而提高复合材料的催化活性。以最优复合材料60%GZ/AC-N800为研究对象,在反应温度为35℃、PS加量为2 g/L和宽pH(3~11)操作条件下,反应30 min后罗丹明B(100 mg/L)的去除率可达88.7%~92.2%。动力学分析发现,60%GZ/AC-N800复合材料催化PS降解RhB符合准二级动力学。自由基掩蔽实验发现,该降解过程是自由基途径(SO_(4)^(·-)和·OH)和非自由基途径(^(1)O_(2))共同参与反应的氧化过程。

腺样体扁桃体肥大相关B细胞免疫活化调控机制的研究进展

B细胞通过其表面分布的B细胞受体(BCR)识别外界抗原,是机体产生保护性抗体与免疫记忆的关键步骤。B细胞免疫活化调控与诸多上呼吸道疾病是密切相关的。儿童常见疾病腺样体扁桃体肥大(ATH),其特征性病理本质为淋巴滤泡的增生,但其确切机制尚未明确。本文综述静息态下维持B细胞存活的BCR滋养信号研究,阐述了B细胞免疫活化及产生快速高效免疫记忆的调控机制,尤其是活化早期分子事件,强调mIgG-tail对记忆性抗体应答的相关作用。B细胞活化调控过程出现异常可破坏免疫稳态平衡,导致疾病的发生。本文总结了B细胞免疫活化调控与ATH的机制关联,尝试探讨信号转导通路失调或突变对ATH的可能影响。旨在深入理解ATH的致病机理,以期挖掘潜在研究突破口,寻找ATH新的诊疗靶点。

CD19^(+)CD27^(+)IgD^(+)B细胞与甲状腺相关性眼病患者疾病活动度相关性研究

目的:探讨甲状腺相关性眼病(thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy,TAO)患者外周血CD19^(+)CD27^(+)IgD^(+)B细胞比例变化与病情活动度的关系。方法:采用流式细胞术检测TAO患者和健康对照组CD19^(+)CD27^(+)IgD^(+)B细胞比例,分析TAO患者CD19^(+)CD27^(+)IgD^(+)B细胞比例与健康对照组的差异,并分析CD19^(+)CD27^(+)IgD^(+)B细胞比例与TAO疾病活动度之间的相关性。结果:TAO患者CD19^(+)CD27^(+)IgD^(+)B细胞比例明显低于健康对照(P<0.05);活动性TAO患者CD19^(+)CD27^(+)IgD^(+)B细胞比例细胞显著低于非活动性TAO患者;CD19^(+)CD27^(+)IgD^(+)B细胞比例与TAO患者CAS评分呈显著负相关(r=-0.7128,P<0.001)。结论:TAO患者CD19^(+)CD27^(+)IgD^(+)B细胞比例降低,与疾病活动度呈负相关。

血清AQP4、NFL、BAFF水平与癫痫患儿认知功能的相关性及其对认知功能损害的评估价值

目的探讨癫痫患儿血清水通道蛋白4(AQP4)、神经丝轻链蛋白(NFL)、B细胞活化因子(BAFF)水平与认知功能的相关性及其对认知功能损害的评估价值。方法选取2020年5月至2023年5月周口市中心医院收治的126例癫痫患儿作为研究对象,依据蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)分为认知损害组58例和认知正常组68例,同时选取同期体检正常儿童42例作为对照组。比较三组受检者的血清AQP4、NFL、BAFF水平;采用Pearson法分析血清AQP4、NFL、BAFF水平与国立医院癫痫发作严重程度量表(NHS3)、MoCA评分的相关性;采用多因素Logistic回归分析认知功能损害的影响因素,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)及曲线下面积(AUC)分析血清AQP4、NFL、BAFF水平对认知功能损害的评估价值。结果认知损害组患者的血清AQP4水平明显低于认知正常组和对照组,且认知正常组明显低于对照组,认知损害组患者的血清NFL、BAFF水平则明显高于认知正常组和对照组,且认知正常组明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);认知损害组患者的NHS3评分为(14.25±3.75)分,明显高于认知正常组的(10.08±3.16)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Pearson法分析结果显示,AQP4与MoCA评分呈正相关(r=0.528,P<0.05),与NHS3评分呈负相关(r=-0.429,P<0.05),而NFL、BAFF与MoCA评分呈负相关(r=-0.438、-0.501,P<0.05),NFL、BAFF与NHS3评分呈正相关(r=0.442、0.538,P<0.05);经多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,全面性发作、发作频率升高、AQP4水平降低及NFL、BAFF水平升高均为认知功能损害的危险因素(P<0.05);经ROC分析结果显示,血清AQP4、NFL、BAFF、AQP4+NFL、AQP4+BAFF、BAFF+NFL、AQP4+NFL+BAFF评估认知功能损害的AUC分别为0.716、0.705、0.786、0.834、0.818、0.828、0.940,且AQP4+NFL+BAFF评估认知功能损害的AUC明显大于任意两项指标联合评估、单独指标评估(P<0.05)。结论癫痫患儿认知功能损害者血清AQP4水平降低,血清NFL、BAFF水平升高,其与癫痫发作严重程度密切相关,且为认知功能损害的影响因素,联合检测其水平对认知功能损害的评估具有临床意义。

银杏内酯B调控JAK2/STAT3信号通路对食管癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

为研究银杏内酯B对食管癌细胞增殖和凋亡的作用及相关机制,采用体外培养人食管癌OE19细胞,将其分为对照组(不做干预)、低/中/高剂量试验组(分别加入6.25、12.50、25.00μmol/L银杏内酯B)、银杏内酯B组(12.50μmol/L银杏内酯B)、阳性药物组(4 mg/L顺铂)、抑制剂组[12.50μmol/L银杏内酯B+10.00μmol/L Janus激酶2/转录激活因子3(JAK2/STAT3)通路抑制剂AG490]、激活剂组(12.50μmol/L银杏内酯B+0.50μmol/L JAK2/STAT3通路激活剂Colivelin),干预24 h后,采用细胞计数试剂盒-8(CCK-8)、5-乙炔基-2’脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(EdU)法、Hoechst 33258染色法、实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)和蛋白免疫印迹(WB)法检测细胞的活力、增殖率、凋亡率及相关因子的表达水平。结果显示,与对照组相比,中/高剂量试验组与阳性药物组的细胞活力降低(P<0.05),因此,本研究选择有显著差异且较低浓度的12.50μmol/L银杏内酯B作为银杏内酯B组进行后续试验。与对照组相比,银杏内酯B组和阳性药物组细胞的增殖率、Cyclin D1的mRNA和蛋白质、p-JAK2、p-STAT3蛋白的表达水平降低,凋亡率、Caspase-3的mRNA和蛋白质的表达水平升高(P<0.05)。与银杏内酯B组相比,抑制剂组各指标变化进一步增强(P<0.05),激活剂组则显著逆转了上述指标的变化(P<0.05)。银杏内酯B能够通过下调JAK2/STAT3信号通路抑制OE19细胞的增殖,促进食管癌细胞凋亡。本研究揭示了银杏内酯B新抗癌机制,为食管癌的研究提供了理论依据。

Preparation, Characterization and Nematicidal Activity of Lansiumamide B Nano-Capsules

In this study, nano-capsules of lansiumamide B （NCLB） was prepared by the microemulsion polymerization method to improve the nematicidal efficacy of lansiumamide B （LB）. An optimal formulation was gained by orthogonal experiment design based on the encapsulation efficiency （E, %） value. The optimized NCLB were spherical and uniform under transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The mean particle size, zeta potential and E, were （38.50~0.64） nm, （-70.5~0.76） mV and （95.13± 1.16）%, respectively. The release profile indicated that the accumulated release of LB in NCLB reached up to 82% within 96 h. Effects of NCLB against Bursaphelenehus xylophilus and J2 ofMeloidogyne incognita were reported in this paper. The nematicidal activity of NCLB has been remarkably increased, with LCs0 values of 2.1407 mg L-1 and 19.3608 mg L-1, respectively, at 24 h after treatment. The disease progression and the average number of root knots of Ipomoea aquatica were 1.50 and 7.25, respectively, in the treatment of NCLB, at concentration of 200 mg L-1 significantly lower than the treatment of LB and ethoprophos. Compared to control, the treatments of NCLB, LB and ethoprophos leaded the disease progression to drop 68.42, 36.84 and 26.32%, respectively, and caused the average number of root knots to fall 83.94, 78.03 and 63.66%. These results suggested that NCLB, as a novel nematicides formulation, performed more efficient and longer effective maintenance against plant parasitic nematodes.

HBeAg诱导的免疫激活和免疫抑制在慢性乙型肝炎中的作用

HBV感染诱导的慢性乙型肝炎是导致肝硬化和肝癌的重要危险因素。半个世纪前,HBeAg在HBV感染者血清中首次被发现,尽管HBeAg并不参与HBV在肝细胞中的感染或复制,但其已被证实可干扰宿主先天性和适应性免疫反应,在慢性HBV感染的过程中发挥着重要的免疫激活和免疫抑制作用。HBV对于感染的肝细胞并没有细胞毒性,免疫应答介导的抗病毒作用和炎症反应决定HBV是否被清除或者诱导肝脏炎症相关疾病。因此,本文对HBeAg的形成及其在慢性HBV感染中引起的免疫激活和免疫抑制机制进行综述,重点论述HBeAg对先天免疫和适应性免疫细胞所引起的不同免疫效应,阐述了其诱导免疫反应的两面性,并探讨HBeAg在慢性HBV感染不同阶段间的转换作用。

Purification and Trypsin Inhibitor Activity of a Sporamin B from Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam. 55-2)

Sporamin is a soluble protein in sweet potato, and falls into two distinct homology groups, subfamilies A and B. In this research, a sporamin B was purified and its amino acid sequences, trypsin inhibitor activity （Ti activity） were analyzed. This sporamin B was isolated from sweet potato tubers [Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam cv. 55-2] through extraction of the water-soluble fraction, dialysis, ultrafiltration and ion-exchange chromatography. Homology determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that mainly one bond appeared in gel after being reduced by SDS （sodium dodecyl sulfate）, or by SDS and 2-mercaptoethanol, or in native situation. By comparing the data of the polypeptide mass Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight （MALDI-TOF） mass spectrometry with those of the mass of the theoretical amino acid sequences from NCBI protein database, it was revealed that it was Q40091｜Q40091_IPOBA, sweet potato sporamin B - Ipomoea Batatas （sweet potato） （Batate）. The sequence coverage was 70.6%. N-terminal sequence was SETPV （Ser-Glu-Thr-Pro-Val）. There is a linear relationship between trypsin inhibitor activity （Ti activity） and amounts of this sporamin B （3-18 μg mL-1）. The equation of linear regression was y = 2.5809x ＋ 17.049 （r2 = 0.9966）. There was a curvilinear relationship between Ti activity and amounts of this sporamin B （21-150 μg mL-1）. The equation of curvilinear regression is y = 14.417ln（x） ＋ 23.26 （r2 = 0.9924）. The concentration of sporamin B with Ti activity after heating at 40°C may induce part denature of this sporamin B, and there was no statistic difference after heating at 40, 50, 60°C for 20 min. Heat treatment at more than 90°C leads to a dramatic decrease of trypsin inhibitor efficiency. The results suggested that Q40091｜Q40091_IPOBA was the major sporamin B in sweet potato tubers [Ipomoea Batatas （L.） Lam cv. 55-2], which had strong Ti activity, and was stable to both thermal and DTT （DL-dithiothreitol） relatively.

Prepartion and identification of activity of anti-HPV-6b/11E1 universal ribozyme——Rz1198 in vitro

Aim: To study the preparation and cleavage activity of Rz1196 directed against HPV-6bE1 and HPV-11E1 (HPV-6b/11E1) transcripts in vitro. Methods: HPV-6b/11E1 gene fragments were cloned into T-vector under the control ofT7 promoter, ～(32)P-labeted HPV-6b/11E1 transcripts as target-RNAs were transcribed in vitro and purified by PAGE.Rz1198 gene designed as a universal ribozyme for both HPV-6b/11E1 transcripts was cloned into vector p1.5 between5'-cis-Rz and 3'-cis-Rz. a2P-labeled Rzl198 transcript was gel-purified, incubated with target-RNAs at different condi-tions and autoradiographed after denaturing gel-electrophoresis. Results: Rz1198 was active at 37℃. The optimaltemperature was 50℃. For HPV-6bE1, k_m = 12.2 nmol/L, k_cat = 0.18 min～(-1); For HPV-11E1, k_m= 14.7 nmol/L,k_cat =0.14 min～(-1). All these revealed that the design of Rz1198 was correct. It could be a universal ribozyme for thetwo substrates--HPV-6bE1 and HPV-11E1 transcripts. Conclusion: Rz1198 prepared in vitro possesses the perfectspecific catalytic cleavage activity. It leads to the expectation that, in the future, it will be possible to develop a newnucleic acid drug from Rz1198 which can efficiently inhibit the replication of HPV-6b/11 DNA in vivo. (Asian J An-drol 1999 Dec; 1: 195-201)

In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity cycloart-23-ene-3β,25-diol(B2) isolated from Pongamia pinnata(L.Pierre)

Objective:To evaluate the in-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of cvcloart-23- ene-3β,25-diol(called as B2) isolated from stem bark of Pongamia pinnata.Methods:In vitro antioxidant activity of B2 was determined by methods for determination of Dl’PH radical scavenging,reducing power,superoxide anion radical scavenging,hydroxyl radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging,metal chelating and nitric oxide radical scavenging at the doses of 20.40.60.80 and 100μg/mL,respectively.3 -tocopherol with same concentration was used as a standard antioxidant.In vitro antimicrobial activity of B2 was determined by cup plate method in different concentration range of 10-100μg/mL.Results:The results indicated that dose dependent%reduction against DPPH radical,reducing power,superoxide anion radical scavenging,hydroxyl radical scavenging,metal chelating,hydrogen peroxide scavenging and nitric oxide radical scavenging by B2 andβ-tocopherol.Conclusions:It is concluded that cycloart 23-ene-3β,25 diol(B2) showed dose dependent antioxidant activity.B2 showed more DPPH radical scavenging,reducing power,superoxide scavenging,hydroxyl radical scavenging, metal chelating scavenging,hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity thanβ-tocopherol and in case of antimicrobial activity B2 exhibited broad-spectrum activ ity against bacteria and strong activity against yeast type of fungi.

肝移植术后乙肝主动免疫重建受者停用HBIG和(或)核苷(酸)类似物的长期安全性和有效性

目的探讨乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)相关疾病肝移植受者接种乙肝疫苗成功后长期停用乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白(HBIG)和(或)核苷(酸)类似物(NAs)预防乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)再感染的安全性及有效性。方法回顾性分析76例接种乙肝疫苗后成功重建乙肝主动免疫的肝移植受者的基本资料,分析疫苗接种及应答情况、应答者停用HBIG和(或)NAs的随访结果、停用HBIG和(或)NAs后HBV再感染情况。结果肝移植术后至开始接种乙肝疫苗的时间间隔为26(20,40)个月。接种疫苗至应答时间为15(8,27)个月。初始76例受者全部停用HBIG,36例受者停用HBIG和NAs。随访期间,76例停用HBIG受者中12例恢复使用HBIG,36例停用HBIG和NAs者中16例恢复使用NAs。HBIG和NAs停用时间分别为135(98,150)个月与133(34,149)个月。16例应答者未接种过加强针,36例应答者定期接种加强针,第1次接种加强针的时间距离停用HBIG的间隔时间为44(11,87)个月,未接种加强针和接种加强针的应答者一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。截至随访日,9例受者失访,5例HBV再感染,3例受者死亡,1例受者移植物丢失并进行二次肝移植。5例HBV再感染受者中4例发生病毒变异。再感染者与未感染者是否停用过NAs、移植前乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)是否为阳性差异有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。结论乙肝相关疾病肝移植术后乙肝主动免疫重建成功的受者长期停用HBIG是可行和安全的,但能否同时停用NAs还需要进一步研究。

乙烯利对液体发酵瓦尼桑黄中Hispidin和Hypholomine B等酚类化合物的影响及体外活性评价

该研究旨在促进瓦尼桑黄合成Hispidin和Hypholomine B等酚类化合物,以提高瓦尼桑黄产品的药用价值、保健功能和市场竞争力。以向液体培养基中添加乙烯利的方式,对目前市面上销售和应用范围最广的瓦尼桑黄进行发酵研究。研究发现,添加乙烯利可以促进液体发酵瓦尼桑黄中Hispidin和Hypholomine B等酚类化合物的合成。乙烯利在培养基中的终浓度为2 mmol/L,添加时间点为0 d,并用1 mol/L的Na_(2)CO_(3)将pH调节至添加前水平。以Hispidin对照品计算Hispidin的平均含量,乙烯利发酵组中Hispidin的平均含量最大为液体发酵组的3.17倍。Hypholomine B的平均相对含量由HPLC图谱中的峰面积表示,前者最大为后者的2.55倍。此外,乙烯利的添加还提高了其他酚类化合物的生成累积量,乙烯利发酵组、液体发酵组和子实体组的提取物中总酚含量分别为:(3.76±0.11)%、(1.96±0.12)%和(0.77±0.04)%。体外活性评价以IC_(50)为依据,乙烯利发酵组的提取物对DPPH自由基清除率、ABTS阳离子自由基清除率和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率的IC_(50)分别为:150.00、106.46、16.08μg/mL,均低于液体发酵组的提取物(170.61、115.36、35.48μg/mL)和子实体组的提取物(218.10、130.51、56.83μg/mL)。

Crystal Structure and Antiproliferative Activity of Ethyl 3,9-Dihydroxy-9-methyl-7-phenyl-7,8,10-trihydro-6Hdibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one-8-carboxylate

Ethyl 3,9-dihydroxy-9-methyl-7-phenyl-7,8,10-trihydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one-8-carboxylate（C（23）H（22）O6,Mr = 394.42） has been synthesized and its structure was determined by ~1H and ^（13）C NMR,ESI-MS,elemental analysis,and X-ray single-crystal diffraction.The crystal belongs to the triclinic system,space group P1,with a = 8.8220（17）,b = 9.881（2）,c = 12.157（2） A,α= 90.488（3）,β= 102.664（4）,γ= 98.799（3）°,V= 1020.8（3） A^3,Z= 2,Dc = 1.342 g/cm^3,μ= 0.099mm^（-1）,F（000） = 436,R = 0.0615 and wR = 0.2501 for 2592 observed reflections with（I2σ（I））.In the crystal structure,the coumarin ring system is planar and the 3：4 fused cyclohexane ring adopts distorted half-chair conformation.Rich hydrogen bonding interactions are formed between compound 2 and lattice water molecules.These interactions assemble molecules of 2 into 2D layered networks in an AB stacking sequence.Its in vitro antiproliferative activities against three human cancer cell lines were evaluated by MTT assay.

Composite Activated Carbon from Canarium schweinfurthii/Polyethylene Terephthalate: Adsorption Test of Rhodamine B Dye Removal in Aqueous Solution

The present work deals on one hand with the valorization of wastes plastics, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and Canarium schweinfurthii (CS) for the preparation of polyethylene terephthalate activated carbon (PETAC) and Canarium schweinfurthii/polyethylene terephthalate activated carbon (CS/PETAC). These adsorbents, on the other hand, were used for removal Rhodamine B (RhB) in an aqueous solution. PET and CS precursors were subjected to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning colorimetry (DSC). Meanwhile PETAC and CS/PETAC were characterized using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nitrogen adsorption/desorption (N2-BET). The N2-BET results revealed an increase of the specific surface area from 6.75 m2/g to 1282.0 m2/g for PETAC and CS/PETAC. The results of characterization indicated the key role played by plastic wastes to enhance the structural and functional properties of CS/PETAC. The RhB removal from the aqueous solution onto PETAC and CS/PETAC was found to be independent of pH, with an optimal contact time of RhB removal within 10 min for materials. The non-linear adsorption isotherm data for the adsorption process showed that the Langmuir and Freundlich models best fitted the RhB adsorption onto PETAC meanwhile only the Freundlich adsorption isotherm gave the best fit for CS/PETAC according to the correlation coefficient value closed to unity. The pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order kinetic models best described the RhB dye removal on both adsorbents. Additionally, the Elovich model confirmed that chemisorption was the main mechanism followed. These findings proved that CS seeds and PET wastes are low-cost precursors that should be given an added value by transforming them into an outstanding carbon material for dye removal in liquid effluent.