Does Cognitive Interference Induce Measurement Bias in Cognitive Ability Tests?

The aim of this paper was to test for measurement bias, due to cognitive interference on cognitive ability tests, using a structural equation modeling technique. The sample consisted of 231 undergraduate students who were examined with three tests addressed to numerical ability, space visualization and inductive ability, respectively. They were also asked to respond to the Cognitive Interference Questionnaire tapping task-oriented worries while working on the aforementioned tests. In comparing two nested models, one hypothesizing measurement bias due to cognitive interference and one not, results show that the test tapping inductive ability displays measurement bias due to cognitive interference.

Study on Test Methods for Flow Ability of Superfine Powder Extinguishing Agent

According to the physical and chemical characteristics of superfine powder extinguishing agent,three test methods are selected to measure the flow ability.By studying and comparing various test methods,apparatus and conditions,the optimum method and conditions to test flow property of superfine powder extinguishing agent are confirmed.

Body mass index is not associated with sperm-zona pellucida binding ability in subfertile males

Lifestyle factors, such as weight and nutritional status may affect male fertility, including sperm fertilization ability. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the association between body mass index （BMI） and sperm-zona pellucida binding ability assessed according to the zona binding （ZB） test, which has been described to be a relevant diagnostic tool for the prediction of in vitro fertilization （IVF） ability. Three hundred and six male patients from couples diagnosed with primary idiopathic or mild male factor infertility were included. Correlations between BMI and semen parameters according to ZB test indices were assessed, together with frequencies of positive and negative tests across the BMI categories. In this selected population, BMI was not related to conventional semen parameters or sperm quality assessed according to the ability of spermatozoa to bind to the zona pellucida. The previously described poor outcomes of IVF procedures in cases of male obesity could be due to other sperm defects, such as alterations of sperm capacitation or acrosome reaction. The link between male BMI and biological outcomes during IVF procedures, such as fertilization rates, should be further evaluated.

Study on Loading Ability of Straw Bale

The loading ability of straw bale was tested by Electronical Testing Machine. The linear regression equations were proposed between failure density and loading ability, and failure density and compressing energy. Based on an exponent model, the testing coefficients of straw bale were estimated using Levenberg-Marquardt Method. The results of test showed that the relation between failure density and loading ability and compressing energy was linear in the phase of high density. The loading ability of straw bale could meet the building bill.

Variation analyses of controlled pollinated families and parental combining ability of Pinus koraiensis

To evaluate and select elite Pinus koraiensis parent combinations and offspring families,34 full-sib families were evaluated.Variance analysis of tree height,diameter at breast height and volume showed no significant differences among each block,the interaction of block,male and female.The family heritability of all traits were high(>0.9).Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variance of height,diameter at breast height,and volume showed that the phenotypic coefficient of variation of volume in the same combination was higher than height and diameter at breast height,indicating that volume was the main factor determining excellent single plant selection.The female and male trees with the best general combining ability indicated that the optimal parental hybridization was not necessarily the optimal combination.In addition,the least parents of hybrid offspring performance were always relatively poor and should not be selected as hybrid parents.Additionally,we found there was no significant difference among the effects of female and male parents by random modelling,but there were significant differences by fixed modelling.The most significant effect of female-and male interaction,and the selection of better female or male parents in the test parent group should be efficient as well as the results of significant variation among them by fixed modelling.For the evaluated breeding population of P.koraiensis,the backward selection of excellent parent combinations or forward selection of excellent individuals as progeny should be the major breeding strategies.

The Reliability and Validity of Toe Grip Strength as an Index of Physical Development in 4- to 5-Year-Old Children

Studies on TGS （toe-grip strength） are currently proliferating as a result of the development of the dynamometer. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the reliability and validity of TGS as a physical function in preschool aged children. The participants were 153 preschoolers. Each participant was measured in terms of his or her TGS and completed a MAT （motor ability test）. The reliability of the measurements was investigated via Pearson＇s r and Cronbach＇s a through a test-retest method, as well as a Bland-Altman plot. The validity of the TGS value was investigated by measuring the correlation between TGS and each component of the MAT, the principal component analysis, and a two-way layout ANOVA with general linear model （gender and age）. All reliability coefficients were more than 0.70. Though all components of the MAT relating to TGS were found to be significant （P 〈 0.05）, these correlations were weak. However, TGS was found to be a physical function that relating to the lower limbs and develops with aging. Therefore, TGS was found to be a highly reliable measure of physical function performance in preschoolers.

Studies on Breeding and Application of Thermo-sensitive Genie Male Sterile Line 402S in Brassica napus Ⅱ.Evaluation of Heterosis and Combining Ability

Augmented randomized complete block test was conducted to evaluate the heterosis of 80 hybrid combinations from TGMS line 402S and its original parent Xiangyou 91S,and the combining a-bility of 40 testcrossing lines.The results of identification test showed that among 47 combinations yielding over the control Xiangyou 15,17 ones with 402S and 3 ones with Xiangyou 91S overyielded more than 20%,reaching the significant level of 1 %;and among 51 combinations yielding over their corresponding higher yield parents,18 ones with 402S and 9 ones with Xiangyou 91S overyielded at 5% or 1% significant level.The test for the GCA effect of all parents indicated that 402S possessed a stronger combining ability than Xiangyou 91S on yield,ailiquae of main inflorescence,total siliquae per plant,seed yield of single plant and 1000 seed weight.10 testcrossing lines with high GCA were picked out for next testcrosses.Among 8 agronomic traits,total siliquae per plant and seed yield of single plant were regarded as the key selecting indexes according to the correlation analysis between yield and the agronomic traits on heterosis and on the GCA effect of all parents.

文冠果油对雄性小鼠记忆能力的影响

为了对文冠果油相关产品的开发提供数据支撑,将健康雄性小鼠分为4个组,即对照组(玉米油)、文冠果油低剂量组〔2.1 g/(kg·d)〕、文冠果油中剂量组〔4.2 g/(kg·d)〕和文冠果油高剂量组〔12.5 g/(kg·d)〕,分别经口给予小鼠灌胃1个月后,测定小鼠体质量,并进行跳台试验、避暗试验、水迷宫试验以评价文冠果油对雄性小鼠记忆能力的影响,试验结束后测定小鼠海马和大脑皮质组织匀浆中多巴胺(DA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、乙酰胆碱(ACh)含量及乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性,探讨文冠果油对小鼠记忆能力的影响机制。结果表明:经过1个月的灌胃试验,各组小鼠体质量及其增长率均无显著差异;文冠果油组小鼠跳台试验、避暗试验、水迷宫试验均为阳性;文冠果油高剂量组小鼠海马和大脑皮质组织匀桨中5-HT、ACh、NE、DA含量明显升高,AChE活性明显降低。综上,文冠果油具有改善小鼠记忆的功能,且是通过改善单胺类神经递质和胆碱能神经递质的代谢发挥作用的。

研究社会认知能力的新方法:爱丁堡社会认知测试(ESCoT)

社会认知能力是用于处理和解释社会信息以成功地与他人互动的高级认知过程。考察社会认知能力的测量方法包括奇怪故事测试、尴尬时刻测试、社会认知电影评估等,但这些社会认知测试由于评估内容的长度、复杂性或不确定性,不适合临床使用。为了提高测量方法的生态效度以及临床使用的质量,R.Asaad Baksh与他的团队在2008年设计了爱丁堡社会认知测试(the Edinburgh Social Cognition Test)。征求了Baksh团队的意见,对ESCoT的提出、构成、使用和优势进行介绍,并通过与S. McDonald等人设计的社会意识推理测试(The Awareness of Social Inference Test)比较分析了ESCoT目前存在的问题,并在最后提出研究者应将人工智能仿真技术、虚拟现实技术以及人类神经科学工具运用到社会认知测量方法的研发过程中。

集成电路测试新工科人才产教融合培养模式探索与实践

集成电路测试是集成电路设计制造产业中的重要环节。针对目前国内集成电路测试行业专门技术人才紧缺的现实需求,合肥工业大学联合国内外集成电路产业知名企业,从课程教学内容与教学方法、实验平台建设与实验设计、创新能力培养与学科竞赛等环节入手,在仪器类专业探索现阶段适合于集成电路测试新工科人才培养的校企合作办学模式。近年来,在集成电路测试课程体系完善、实验平台建设、实践环节培养等方面均取得较好的成果,为新工科人才产教融合培养提供实践经验和参考案例。

高等学校师范生教育教学能力考核管理系统设计与实现

自2020年起,教育部持续在高等学校师范生中推进中小学教师资格免试认定改革,教育教学能力考核成为招收和培养教育类研究生和师范类专业学生高校的一项重点工作。北京师范大学基于免试认定改革对高校教育教学能力考核工作的具体要求,以加强过程管理、简化业务流程、提升工作效率和保障数据准确为着力点,构建一套科学稳定、数据准确、高效简洁的教育教学能力考核管理系统,实现对教育教学能力考核工作的全流程、信息化管理,对其他高等学校教育教学能力考核工作具有参考和借鉴意义。

水平减速能力研究进展

水平减速能力是人体在水平方向运动过程中快速改变速度和方向的基础,对运动表现具有重要影响。对国内外相关研究进行系统梳理,归纳总结水平减速能力的测试评估、影响因素和训练策略的研究现状发现:(1)水平减速能力的测试方法主要有最大水平减速能力测试、特定距离内水平减速能力测试和变向能力测试;直接测评指标主要有减速度、制动距离和制动时间,衍生性指标包括制动力、制动冲量、制动功率、减速指数和减速赤字等;(2)水平减速能力影响因素主要包括下肢肌肉力量、肌力不对称和制动技术;(3)水平减速能力的训练策略可运用下肢离心力量训练结合向心快速力量训练提高制动力的产生与运用能力和动态姿势控制能力;采用超等长收缩训练结合离心落地控制能力训练,有效提升制动过程中的拉长-缩短周期运动能力;选择单侧和双侧力量训练,改善肢体间离心制动的不对称性;运用专门性水平减速训练,并结合抗阻训练,针对性地提高运动员面对不同外部刺激时的预测和响应能力,改善制动技术动作,显著优化制动力分配和调控能力。

“临床免疫学检验技术”一流课程建设

本文旨在探讨“临床免疫学检验技术”一流课程的建设,以提升临床免疫学领域的教育质量和培养优秀人才。通过分析相关研究和实践经验,本研究设计了一套系统完备的课程体系,涵盖了临床免疫学的关键知识和实践技能。采用多元化的教学方法,如理论授课、实验操作和临床实践等,以提高学生的学习积极性和实践能力。研究结果表明,该课程不仅能够提升学生对临床免疫学的理解和运用能力,还能够培养其批判性思维和问题解决能力。本文的研究成果将为临床免疫学教育改革和人才培养提供有力的借鉴和指导。

杉木全同胞家系生长与木材基本密度性状的变异及选择

【目的】创制新优杉木种质材料,进而筛选速生优质家系,推进杉木高世代育种进程。【方法】以杉木第二代改良种子园10个骨干亲本作为杂交亲本,采用人工控制授粉方式获得30个全同胞家系,并进行多地点全同胞子代测定,分析其8年生杉木的生长和木材基本密度遗传变异规律,进而开展优良家系选择。【结果】家系间树高、胸径(DBH)、单株材积和木材基本密度(WBD)存在广泛遗传变异,差异达显著(P<0.05)或极显著水平(P<0.01),其中单株材积变异较大,各地点表型变异系数和遗传变异系数分别达到21.56%~28.53%、12.18%~19.64%。树高、胸径、单株材积和木材基本密度家系遗传力分别为0.1594、0.2232、0.1799和0.5357,有利于家系选择。利用BLUP方法估算全同胞家系亲本生长和木材基本密度育种值,同时按亲本模型估算各杂交组合的特殊配合力(SCA)并进行排名,综合生长性状和木材基本密度表现,选获速生优质型家系2个(家系5和29)。其中,家系5具有更高的生长和材质增益,相比群体均值其树高、胸径、单株材积及木材基本密度增益平均为6.02%、8.21%、15.82%、7.25%,而相比对照(2.5代种子园混合种)增益平均为26.47%、14.25%、34.56%、5.35%,因此,家系5是更理想的速生优质家系。【结论】30个杉木全同胞家系的生长和木材基本密度存在丰富的遗传变异,筛选获得的家系可作为候选杉木速生优质良种。

亲权鉴定风险防范分析

目前亲权鉴定技术比较成熟,但在鉴定过程中仍存在风险。通过统计分析山东省从事亲权鉴定的司法鉴定机构和司法鉴定人状况,从亲权鉴定受理委托主体、受理前咨询工作、部分鉴定案例分析、实验室认证认可工作的实施以及人员能力提升等方面进行分析,旨在强调司法鉴定人的专业能力对防范亲权鉴定风险的重要性。在山东省,以企业为主体的亲权鉴定机构多于以医院、高校等单位为主体的鉴定机构;部分司法鉴定人存在兼职多项其他鉴定领域业务的情况。在案件受理过程中,司法鉴定机构和司法鉴定人应进行鉴定前风险评估,从而规避风险、依法依规鉴定。同时,司法鉴定人应当进行相关的专业培训,从而提高自身的专业能力,保障鉴定结果的准确性,让科技证据为正义说话。

战斗力评估试验活动管理工程化方法

战斗力评估是对人装融合能力的检验,是一个定性定量综合集成的评价过程,具有模糊性、不确定性。为科学规范地开展战斗力评估试验,阐述了体系作战试验的应用模式,构建了战斗力评估试验活动管理逻辑框架,包括试验活动的总体流程、关键线程和阶段产品,设计了可用于战斗力评估的试验活动管理支撑平台,从而为战斗力评估试验提供一种易实施、标准化的试验活动管理方法及手段。

基于《量表》的英语口语测试开发及效度验证研究

《中国英语能力等级量表》(以下简称《量表》)为我国各学段的英语教、学、评实践提供了理论指导。基于《量表》中口语分量表的口头表达能力描述框架及相应分量表三级到六级的描述语,开发面向西部某高校非英语专业新生的入学后英语口语测试及评分标准,并基于Weir的社会-认知效度验证理论开展多项效度研究。结果表明:《量表》的口语能力描述语对口语测试能力构念的界定和评分标准的研制具有较好的指导作用;基于《量表》开发的口语测试能够准确评估学生的口语水平;基于该测试的口语评定对学生后续英语课程的学业成绩具有良好的预测性。

CFRP减振镗杆设计与减振性能实验研究

为了提升镗杆的减振能力,减少价格昂贵、难加工的硬质合金材料在减振镗杆中的使用,本文以碳纤维复合材料(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics,CFRP)为主材设计出新型复合结构减振镗杆。在基于传统的使用模态仿真和切削实验方法优化镗杆结构的基础上,提出了新的优化途径,即从镗杆的频响函数中推导出镗杆的动刚度特性函数,根据该函数,以施加到镗杆上的动载荷频率为自变量、动刚度为因变量,通过动刚度曲线研究自变量变化时能够有效延缓镗杆动刚度减小的方法,研究发现,提升镗杆的静刚度和减小其质量在优化镗杆动刚度特性方面的效果更加突出。根据本文的研究结果对CFRP镗杆进行了参数优化和实验验证,结果表明,在中高速切削时,与硬质合金镗杆相比,优化后的CFRP镗杆在52%的切削速度范围内拥有更强的减振性能,可以在受到动载荷的情况下将自身的动刚度维持在较为稳定的水平,从而具备更好的减振能力。

大型分析检测设备对研究生实践科研创新能力培养探讨——以重庆科技学院为例

研究生的科研能力及创新能力能否跟上时代发展的步伐成为目前高校研究生教育中面临的紧迫问题,大型仪器设备的使用是研究生实践科研创新能力培养的重要途径。结合重庆科技学院实际情况,分析了大型分析检测设备在研究生培养中存在的不足和问题,从多渠道搭建大型分析检测设备共享平台、推动设备开放共享,基于“虚实互补、科教融合”的方式、探索研究生实践教学新模式,多途径建设实验教师队伍,多角度有效提升研究生操作设备能力等方面,对利用大型分析检测设备提高研究生实践科研创新能力进行了探讨。

探究县级农产品检测机构检测能力的高效形成与发挥策略

农产品质量安全监管的主要阵地在广大农村,而农产品质量安全检测是农产品质量安全监管的重要技术支撑,县级农产品检测机构高效地发挥本机构的检测能力显得尤为重要。本文从阻碍县级农产品检测机构检测能力快速形成存在的问题出发,结合笔者10年以上的县级农产品检测机构工作经验,就如何快速形成检测能力,高效地发挥检测能力进行分析和探讨。