In this work we propose a centrality measure for networks, which we refer to as Laplacian centrality, that provides a general framework for the centrality of a vertex based on the idea that the importance (or centrali...In this work we propose a centrality measure for networks, which we refer to as Laplacian centrality, that provides a general framework for the centrality of a vertex based on the idea that the importance (or centrality) of a vertex is related to the ability of the network to respond to the deactivation or removal of that vertex from the network. In particular, the Laplacian centrality of a vertex is defined as the relative drop of Laplacian energy caused by the deactivation of this vertex. The Laplacian energy of network G with?n?vertices is defined as , where ?is the eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix of G. Other dynamics based measures such as that of Masuda and Kori and PageRank compute the importance of a node by analyzing the way paths pass through a node while our measure captures this information as well as the way these paths are “redistributed” when the node is deleted. The validity and robustness of this new measure are illustrated on two different terrorist social network data sets and 84 networks in James Moody’s Add Health in school friendship nomination data, and is compared with other standard centrality measures.展开更多
Based on the high energy γ-ray yield from the H-bomb D-T fusion reaction, it brings forward the idea applying the 16.76 MeV γ-ray to judge whether the H-bomb happens or not, and to deduce the explosion TNT equivalen...Based on the high energy γ-ray yield from the H-bomb D-T fusion reaction, it brings forward the idea applying the 16.76 MeV γ-ray to judge whether the H-bomb happens or not, and to deduce the explosion TNT equivalent accurately. The Monte Carlo N-Particle was applied to simulate the high energy γ-ray radiation characteristics reaching the geosynchronous orbit satellite, and the CVD diamond detector suit for the requirements was researched. A series of experiments were carried out to testify the capabilities of the diamond detector. It provides a brand-new approach to satellite-based nuclear explosion detection.展开更多
通过对固体可燃物质燃烧热测定方法的改进,测定挥发性液体的燃烧热。实验采用氧弹量热计,将化合物注入胶囊中测其燃烧热,并保证化合物在实验过程中不溢出,不挥发,又要易于点燃。以柴油为参照测定含氧化合物(正丁醚、二甘醇二甲醚、二乙...通过对固体可燃物质燃烧热测定方法的改进,测定挥发性液体的燃烧热。实验采用氧弹量热计,将化合物注入胶囊中测其燃烧热,并保证化合物在实验过程中不溢出,不挥发,又要易于点燃。以柴油为参照测定含氧化合物(正丁醚、二甘醇二甲醚、二乙二醇丁醚和乙二醇丁醚)的燃烧热。实验测得,柴油的燃烧热Q柴油=-42.452 k J/g,四种含氧燃料中燃烧热值最高的是乙二醇丁醚和正丁醚:Q乙二醇丁醚=-43.143 k J/g,Q正丁醚=-42.111 k J/g。展开更多
A micro-oxygen-boinb calorimeter with a bomb of 4.8 cm3 internal volume was constructed in our laboratory. About 10 mg of sample was needed for each combustion experiment.The energy equivalent of this calorimeter was ...A micro-oxygen-boinb calorimeter with a bomb of 4.8 cm3 internal volume was constructed in our laboratory. About 10 mg of sample was needed for each combustion experiment.The energy equivalent of this calorimeter was determmed with electric energy. The standard diviation of mean from 5 measurements was 0.02 %.The enthalpies of combustion of pure C60 and C70 were determined, kJ. mol-1,kJ·mol. The enthalpies of formation of the two compounds were derived. Using the Laidlertype bond parameters for aromatic hydrocarbons, the estimated strain energies in C60 and C70 molecules were close each other and close to the estimated value from the model compound, corannulene.展开更多
文摘In this work we propose a centrality measure for networks, which we refer to as Laplacian centrality, that provides a general framework for the centrality of a vertex based on the idea that the importance (or centrality) of a vertex is related to the ability of the network to respond to the deactivation or removal of that vertex from the network. In particular, the Laplacian centrality of a vertex is defined as the relative drop of Laplacian energy caused by the deactivation of this vertex. The Laplacian energy of network G with?n?vertices is defined as , where ?is the eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix of G. Other dynamics based measures such as that of Masuda and Kori and PageRank compute the importance of a node by analyzing the way paths pass through a node while our measure captures this information as well as the way these paths are “redistributed” when the node is deleted. The validity and robustness of this new measure are illustrated on two different terrorist social network data sets and 84 networks in James Moody’s Add Health in school friendship nomination data, and is compared with other standard centrality measures.
文摘Based on the high energy γ-ray yield from the H-bomb D-T fusion reaction, it brings forward the idea applying the 16.76 MeV γ-ray to judge whether the H-bomb happens or not, and to deduce the explosion TNT equivalent accurately. The Monte Carlo N-Particle was applied to simulate the high energy γ-ray radiation characteristics reaching the geosynchronous orbit satellite, and the CVD diamond detector suit for the requirements was researched. A series of experiments were carried out to testify the capabilities of the diamond detector. It provides a brand-new approach to satellite-based nuclear explosion detection.
文摘通过对固体可燃物质燃烧热测定方法的改进,测定挥发性液体的燃烧热。实验采用氧弹量热计,将化合物注入胶囊中测其燃烧热,并保证化合物在实验过程中不溢出,不挥发,又要易于点燃。以柴油为参照测定含氧化合物(正丁醚、二甘醇二甲醚、二乙二醇丁醚和乙二醇丁醚)的燃烧热。实验测得,柴油的燃烧热Q柴油=-42.452 k J/g,四种含氧燃料中燃烧热值最高的是乙二醇丁醚和正丁醚:Q乙二醇丁醚=-43.143 k J/g,Q正丁醚=-42.111 k J/g。
文摘A micro-oxygen-boinb calorimeter with a bomb of 4.8 cm3 internal volume was constructed in our laboratory. About 10 mg of sample was needed for each combustion experiment.The energy equivalent of this calorimeter was determmed with electric energy. The standard diviation of mean from 5 measurements was 0.02 %.The enthalpies of combustion of pure C60 and C70 were determined, kJ. mol-1,kJ·mol. The enthalpies of formation of the two compounds were derived. Using the Laidlertype bond parameters for aromatic hydrocarbons, the estimated strain energies in C60 and C70 molecules were close each other and close to the estimated value from the model compound, corannulene.
