微小扇头蜱P0基因的克隆及其编码蛋白的生物信息学分析

为探究微小扇头蜱P0基因序列特征,预测P0蛋白的理化性质和二、三级结构,筛选出P0蛋白的B、T优势抗原表位,本研究克隆了微小扇头蜱P0基因,运用Clustal X软件分析P0基因序列特征,用在线软件EXPASY、PRABI和SWISS-MODEL预测P0蛋白的理化性质和二、三级结构,用在线软件ABCpred Prediction、Scratch、IEDB和NetCTL筛选P0蛋白的B、T优势抗原表位。试验结果显示:微小扇头蜱P0基因全长957 bp,碱基A含量为24.0%,T含量为20.3%,G含量为27.5%,C含量为28.2%,A+T含量为44.3%,G+C含量为55.7%,共编码318个氨基酸;P0蛋白分子量为34 ku,理论等电点(pI)为5.86,平均亲水系数为-0.153,不稳定指数为38.15;P0蛋白的二级结构含163个α螺旋(占比51.25%),130个无规卷曲(占比40.88%),25个延伸链(占比7.86%),其中以α螺旋为主要结构;P0蛋白的三级结构以α螺旋的含量最高,该蛋白的全局模型质量评估(global model quality estimation, GMQE)、定性模型能量分析(qualitative model energy analysis, QMEAN)值分别为0.49和0.52±0.05,无信号肽和跨膜结构域,但存在40个磷酸化位点和1个糖基化位点;P0蛋白有13个B淋巴细胞优势抗原表位和6个T淋巴细胞优势抗原表位。综上所述,微小扇头蜱P0基因序列呈GC偏好,P0蛋白是以α螺旋为主要结构成分的亲水性酸蛋白,具有B、T淋巴细胞优势抗原表位,是今后研制防控微小扇头蜱疫苗的理想靶标。

GI.5和GII.4诺如病毒P蛋白的克隆表达及与长牡蛎类HBGAs的结合特性

为明确人诺如病毒(human norovirus,HuNoV)与长牡蛎类组织血型抗原(histo-blood group antigens,HBGAs)的结合特性,本实验运用大肠杆菌表达系统,克隆表达了基因簇I.5(genogroup I.5,GI.5)和GII.4 HuNoV P蛋白,采用酶联免疫吸附测定研究HuNoV P蛋白与唾液HBGAs和长牡蛎类HBGAs的结合特性。结果表明,GII.4 HuNoV与唾液A型、B型、AB型和O型HBGAs均有较好的结合,而GI.5 HuNoV与B型HBGAs结合较弱,与O型HBGAs具有明显的结合优势。GI.5和GII.4 HuNoV在长牡蛎鳃、消化腺和外套膜中均可富集,其中在消化腺中富集最多,二者主要与类A型和H1型HBGAs结合,GII.4HuNoV与类Lea型、Leb型、Lex型和Ley型HBGAs有不同程度的结合,而GI.5 HuNoV与类Leb型HBGAs仅微弱结合,与类H1型HBGAs具有明显结合优势。综上,不同型别HuNoV与HBGAs的结合特性不尽相同,GII.4HuNoV具有广谱结合特性,GI.5HuNoV具有选择结合特性。

The Relationship of Expression of bcl-2, p53, and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) to Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in Renal Cell Carcinoma

To investigate the relationship of bcl-2, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) to cell proliferation, apoptosis and pathological parameters, the patterns of cell growth and turnover in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 34 patients with RCC were examined. Cell proliferation activity was detected by PCNA immunostaining and the proliferation index (PI) was expressed as a percentage of the PCNA-positive cells in the tumor cells. Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxy- nucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL), and the apoptotic index (AI) was expressed as a percentage of the TUNEL-positive cells in the tumor cells. Expressions of bcl-2 and p53 were assessed immunohistochemically. Our results showed that the PI ranged from 6.0 % to 24.0 % (median 12.3 %) and the AI from 2.0 % to 8.0 % (median 5.4 %) in RCC. The expression of the bcl-2 protein was demonstrated in 15 cases (44.1 %); the expression of the p53 protein, however, was seen in only 3 case. bcl-2 positivity was not associated with PI or AI or any pathological parameters. There were close associations between PI and tumor grade and stage, and a significant relationship between AI and the tumor grade of RCC. Our study suggests that bcl-2 positivity was not associated with PI or AI or any pathological parameters. There are close associations between PI and AI and tumor grade and stage of RCC. Active cell proliferation may be accompanied by frequent apoptosis in RCC.

A New Method for Ultra-sensitive P24 Antigen Assay Based on Near-infrared Fluorescent Microsphere Immunochromatography

Objective To develop a rapid,highly sensitive quantitative method for detecting P24 antigen based on near-infrared fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography.Methods First,we prepared a lateral flow assay test strip,and labeled the detection antibody using a fluorescent microsphere.Second,we optimized the antibody labeling conditions.Third,we optimized the detection conditions.Fourth,we created a working curve.Fifth,we conducted a methodological assessment of the established fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography method.Sixty-six clinical samples were tested,and we compared the established fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography with the quantitative ELISA method.Results According to the working curve,the detection limit of the method is 3.4 pg/mL,and the detection range is 3.4 pg/mL to 10 ng/mL.The average intra-assay recovery was 99.6%,and the Coefficient of Variation(CV)was 5.4%–8.6%;the average inter-assay recovery was 97.3%,and the CV was 8.5%–11%.The detection rate of fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography was higher than ELISA method,and had a good correlation with ELISA.Conclusion The P24 antigen quantitative detection method based on near-infrared fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography has the advantages of rapid detection,high sensitivity,and wide detection range;thus,it is suitable for early clinical diagnosis and continuous monitoring of AIDS.

Adjuvant chemotherapy,p53,carcinoembryonic antigen expression and prognosis after D2 gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma

AIM: To investigate adjuvant chemotherapy, p53 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) expression and prognosis after D2 gastrectomy for stage II/III gastric adenocarcinoma.

The potential of carcinoembryonic antigen,p53,Ki-67 and glutathion Stransferase-π as clinico-histopathological markers for colorectal cancer

Objective： Colorectal cancer is one of the major contributors to cancer death worldwide. Lack of reliable colorectal cancer markers has hampered the management of these cancer patients. Our main purpose was to study the correlation between histopathological variables of colorectal adenocarcinomas and identify histopathological markers that are of prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods： In the present study, we examined the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA）, p53, Ki-67 and glutathion Stransferase （GST） -n by using immunohistochemical staining methods in 126 colorectal carcinoma patients and evaluated the lymph node metastasis status in these patients by histopathological examination. Results： The positive rates of CEA, p53, Ki-67 and GST-π expression in the colorectal cancer tissue specimens examined were 95.23%, 55.56%, 53.38% and 82.30%, respectively. Expression of p53 and Ki-67 was significantly correlated with the Dukes stages of the tumor, with higher levels of these proteins in Dukes＇ C and D tumors than those in Dukes＇ A and B tumors. Furthermore, the expression of p53, GST-π and Ki-67 correlated with prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Additionally, the expression of p53 in colorectal cancer was closely related to the expression of Ki-67 and the expression of GST-π was directly correlated with that of p53. Conclusion： The expression of CEA, p53, Ki-67 and GST-π was correlated with various clinical features of patients with colorectal cancer. The combined use of these histopathological markers appeared to be a promising tool in predicting the prognosis of patients with this type of cancer.

EXPRESSION OF P53 PROTEIN AND PROLIFERATING CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN IN HUMAN GESTATION TROPHOBLASTIC DISEASE

To study the relationship between p53 protein, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and benign or malignant gestational trophoblastic disease (MGTD). Methods: The histotomic sections of 48 patients with gestational trophoblastic disease and 24 patients of normal chorionic villi were stained using immunohistochemistry. The monoclonal antibodies were used to determine p53 protein and PCNA. Results: The frequency of p53 and PCNA positive expression were significantly different among the chorionic villi of normal pregnancy, hydratidiform mole (HM) and MGTD. But neither p53 nor PCNA has any relation with the clinical staging or metastasis of MGTD. Conclusion: Both P53 and PCNA are valuable in diagnosis of human gestational trophoblastic disease.

Expression of p27kip1, Rb protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen and its relationship with clinicopathology in human pancreatic cancer

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of inhibiting factor of cell cycle regulation p27kipl,retinoblastinoma protein （Rb protein）, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） on the genesis andprogression of human pancreatic cancer.METHODS: The expression of p27kipl, Rb protein and PCNA in the tumor tissue and adjacent tissue of32 patients with pancreatic cancer was detected by SP immunohistochemical technique.RESULTS: The p27kipl protein positive-expression rate in the tumor tissue of pancreatic cancer was56.25%, which was lower than that in the adjacent pancreatic tissue （P【0.05）. p27kipl proteinpositive-expression was correlated significantly with tumor cell differentiation and lymph node metastasis（P【0.05）. The Rb gene protein positive-expression rate in the tumor tissue was 50%, which was alsolower than that in the adjacent pancreatic tissue （P【0.05 ）. The PCNA positive-expression rate was71.87%, which was higher than that in the adjacent pancreatic tissue （P【0.05）. PCNA positive-expression was also correlated significantly with tumor cell differentiation and lymph node metastasis（P【0.05）.CONCLUSION: The decreased expression of p27kipl, Rb protein and over-expression of PCNA may playan important role in the genesis and progression of pancreatic cancer.

Clinicopathological significance of human leukocyte antigen F-associated transcript 10 expression in colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. The worldwide mortality rate of CRC is about one half of its morbidity. Ubiquitin is a key regulatory factor in the cell cycle and widely exists in eukaryotes. Human leukocyte antigen F-associated transcript 10(FAT10), known as diubiquitin, is an 18 kDa protein with 29% and 36% homology with the N and C termini of ubiquitin. The function of FAT10 has not been fully elucidated, and some studies have shown that it plays an important role in various cell processes.AIM To examine FAT10 expression and to analyze the relationship between FAT10 expression and the clinicopathological parameters of CRC.METHODS FAT10 expression in 61 cases of CRC and para-cancer colorectal tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The relationship between FAT10 expression and clinicopathological parameters of CRC was statistically analyzed.RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the positive rate of FAT10 expression in CRC(63.93%) was significantly higher than that in tumor-adjacent tissues(9.84%, P < 0.05) and normal colorectal mucosal tissue(1.64%, P < 0.05). Western blotting also indicated that FAT10 expression was significantly higher in CRC than in tumor-adjacent tissue(P < 0.05). FAT10 expression was closely associated with clinical stage and lymphatic spread of CRC. FAT10 expression also positively correlated with p53 expression.CONCLUSION FAT10 expression is highly upregulated in CRC. FAT10 expression is closely associated with clinical stage and lymphatic spread of CRC.

Detection of HIV-1 antigen based on magnetic tunnel junction sensors

We report a p24(HIV disease biomarker)detection assay using an MgO-based magnetic tunnel junction(MTJ)sensor and 20-nm magnetic nanoparticles.The MTJ array sensor with sensing area of 890×890μ2 possessing a sensitivity of 1.39%/Oe was used to detect p24 antigens.It is demonstrated that the p24 antigens could be detected at a concentration of 0.01μg/ml.The development of bio-detection systems based on magnetic tunnel junction sensors with high-sensitivity will greatly benefit the early diagnosis of HIV.

Colorectal carcinoma-associated antigen Ca-Hb3 detected by one-dimensional SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

AIM: To comprehensively identify the proteins of tumor relative antigen Ca-Hb3 recognized by colorectal carcinoma monoclonal antibody Hb3. METHODS: Ca-Hb3 was isolated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) followed by digestion with trypsin. Trypsin peptides were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS). The proteins identified by mass spectrometry were analyzed using bioinformatics. RESULTS: Ca-Hb3 was identified as a CKAP4-like protein by Nano HPLC tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The molecular weight of CKAP4-like protein was 62.02 kDa, including one hydrophobic region, one transmembrane domain, five coiled coils, four glycosylation sites and forty-nine phosphorylation sites. CKAP4-like protein had a high homogeneity with DeltaNp63α. The characteristic expression of DeltaNp63α that is considered a potential oncogene in the isoforms of p63 was similar to that of Ca-Hb3. CONCLUSION: Ca-Hb3 is probably a CKAP4-like protein, belonging to DeltaNp63α isoform of p63 family.

Abnormal expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and P27 protein in brain glioma

Both proliferating cell nuclear antigen and P27 protein are important factors to regulate cell cycle. While, the combination of them can provide exactly objective markers to evaluate prognosis of patients with brain glioma needs to be further studied based on pathological level. OBJECTIVE： To observe the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and P27 protein in both injured and normal brain glioma tissues and analyze the effect of them on onset and development of brain glioma. DESIGN： Case contrast observation. SETTING： Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi＇an Jiaotong University. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 63 patients with brain glioma were selected from Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi＇an Jiaotong University from July 1996 to June 2000. There were 38 males and 25 females and their ages ranged from 23 to 71 years. Based on pathological classification and grading standards of brain glioma, patients were divided into grade I - II （n=30） and grade III- IV （n = 33）. All cases received one operation but no radiotherapy and chemiotherapy before operation. Sample tissues were collected from tumor parenchyma. Non-neoplastic brain tissues were collected from another 12 non-tumor subjects who received craniocerebral trauma infra-decompression and regarded as the control group. There were l0 males and 2 females and their ages ranged from 16 to 54 years. The experiment had got confirmed consent from local ethic committee and the collection was provided confirmed consent from patients and their relatives. All samples were restained with HE staining so as to diagnose as the brain glioma. While, all patients with brain glioma received radiotherapy after operation and their survival periods were followed up. METHODS： Primary lesion wax of brain glioma was cut into serial sections and stained with S-P immunohistochemical staining. Brown substance which was observed in tumor nucleus was regarded as the positive expressions of both proliferating cell nuclear antigen and P27 protein. Automatic imaging analytic system was used to quantitatively analyze staining results of tumor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： To compare the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and P27 protein in brain glioma tissues and non-tumor brain tissues and investigate the effect of various sexes, ages, survival periods and severities on the expressions of them in brain tissues. RESULTS： There was no significant difference of sexes and ages in the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and P27 protein （P 〉 0.05）; however, the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and P27 protein were milder in non-tumor brain tissues than those in the brain glioma tissues （P 〈 0.05）. Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in brain tissue of grade III- IV severity was stronger than that of grade I - II severity, and the expression in ≥ 5-year survival periods were also stronger than that in 〈 5-year survival periods （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, expression of P27 protein in brain tissue of grade III- IV severity was stronger than that of grade I - II severity, and the expression in ≥ 5-year survival periods were also stronger than that in 〈 5-year survival periods （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Abnormal expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and P27 protein in human brain glioma are closely related to onset, development and prognosis of tumor.

Subcloning and expression of two conserved regions （Ⅰ，Ⅴ） onP190 antigen of Plasmodium falciparum in E．coli

Two DNA fragments, designated as P190CRI (AA1-55) and P190CRV (AA1597-1667)respectively, which encode amino acid residues of conserved region Ⅰ and Ⅴ on the P190 antigen were amplified by polymerase chain reaction from genomic DNA in FCCl/HN strain of Plasmodium falciparum isolated from Hainan Province, China. It was found that there were five base substitutions in the P190CR V, in comparison with the nucleotide sequences of MAD20 strain. These two fragments sequenced were inserted into pGEX-2T plasmid. E. coli JM109 (DE3) were transformed with the recombinant plasmids and the parental plasmid. The results showed that the two fragments were expressed as high-level C-terminal fusions with glutathione S-transferase (GST). The fusion proteins were easily purified from bacterial lysates by affinity chromatography using glutathione Sepharose 4B.

An experimental study on the expression of SV40 large tumor antigen in human brain tumors

Objective: To study the role of SV40 early region gene coding product large tumor antigen(Tag) expression and the interaction between Tag and tumor suppressors p53 and pRb in human brain tumorigenesis. Methods: Tag was investigated by immunoprecipitation followed by silver staining and Western blot in 65 cases of human brain tumors and 8 cases of normal brain tissues. Tag-p53 and Tag-pRb complexes were screened by immunoprecipitation and Western blot in 18 and 15 Tag positive tumor tissues respectively. Results: SV40 Tag was expressed generally in human brain tumors, its positive rate was 66. 2% (43 /65). However, Eight normal brain tissues were all negative for Tag, there was significant difference between them(P < 0. 05). Tag-p53 complex was detected in all of 18 Tag positive tumors as well as Tag-pRb complex in all of 15 Tag positive tumors. Conclnsion: SV40 Tag expression is associated with human brain tumorigenesis. The inactivation of p53 and pRh due to the formation of Tag-p53 and Tag-pRb complexes is possibly an important mechanism in the etiopathogenesis of human brain tumors.

多西他赛治疗老年前列腺癌患者的疗效及其对患者P-糖蛋白表达的影响分析

目的 探讨老年前列腺癌患者治疗中多西他赛的应用效果及其对P-糖蛋白表达的影响。方法 73例老年前列腺癌患者,经随机数字表法分为对照组(36例)与研究组(37例)。对照组采用比卡鲁胺治疗,研究组采用比卡鲁胺联合多西他赛治疗。对比两组P-糖蛋白表达、临床疗效及治疗前后生活质量。结果 治疗后,研究组治疗总有效率81.08%高于对照组的55.56%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组P-糖蛋白阳性表达率18.92%低于对照组的58.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组物质生活、躯体功能、社会功能及心理功能评分均明显高于本组治疗前,研究组物质生活评分(74.26±3.46)分、躯体功能评分(86.14±5.31)分、社会功能评分(81.36±3.61)分、心理功能评分(79.84±4.51)分均明显高于对照组的(62.14±3.47)、(76.58±5.28)、(72.64±3.56)、(71.16±4.48)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 老年前列腺癌患者治疗中应用多西他赛,可有效降低P-糖蛋白阳性表达率,有效提高治疗效果,生活质量明显改善,具有推广价值。

香菇多糖和七清败毒颗粒对母猪繁殖性能、血清生化指标及猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征防控影响的研究

为了解香菇多糖和七清败毒颗粒联合应用对集团化猪场猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征(PRRS)的防控效果,本研究选取3~4胎次、体重为(268.00±33.59)kg的母猪100头,随机分为2组(每组5个重复,每个重复10头猪),分别为对照组和试验组。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加2.5 g/(头·d)香菇多糖+5.0 g/(头·d)七清败毒颗粒。试验对母猪繁殖性能、血清生化指标、PRRSV抗体水平、仔猪脐带血中PRRSV载量进行检测。试验期90 d。结果表明:在母猪繁殖性能方面,与对照组相比,试验组窝均产仔数、平均日增重极显著提高(P<0.01),窝均死胎数极显著降低(P<0.01)。在血清生化指标方面,第30天,试验组血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05);第90天,试验组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、AST活性及总胆红素(TBIL)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),血清尿素(UN)含量极显著降低于对照组(P<0.01)。在PRRSV抗体检测方面,第30天,试验组S/P值极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);第90天,试验组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),离散度有降低趋势,符合正态分布。在仔猪脐带血PRRSV抗原检测方面,对照组抗原阳性率为10%,试验组为0。综上所述,感染PRRS的集团化猪场应用香菇多糖和七清败毒颗粒可以有效地提升母猪繁殖性能、影响部分血清生化指标水平、维持猪群PRRSV抗体S/P值稳定、降低仔猪PRRSV阳性率,起到很好地防控PRRS的效果。

乳腺癌新辅助化疗联合保乳术患者血清P-selectin与CA15-3、TPA水平的相关性及与预后的关系

目的:探讨乳腺癌新辅助化疗联合保乳手术患者血清可溶性P选择素(P-selectin)水平与糖类抗原15-3(CA15-3)、组织多肽抗原(TPA)水平的相关性,分析以上几种指标的水平与乳腺癌患者预后的关系。方法:选取我院2016年5月至2020年5月收治的97例临床资料齐全的乳腺癌患者进行回顾性队列研究。患者均行新辅助化疗+保乳手术治疗,术后随访2年,根据医嘱定期复查。于治疗前及术后1、6个月复查时采血,检测血清P-selectin、CA15-3、TPA水平。根据随访结果将患者分别纳入预后不良组(n=34)和预后良好组(n=63),比较两组患者血清P-selectin、CA15-3、TPA水平;经Pearson线性相关分析血清P-selectin水平与CA15-3、TPA水平的相关性。比较不同临床分期、分子分型患者的血清P-selectin、CA15-3、TPA水平。结果:预后不良组与预后良好组患者术后1、6个月的血清P-selectin、CA15-3、TPA水平均低于治疗前。预后良好组患者治疗前及术后1、6个月血清P-selectin、CA15-3、TPA水平均低于预后不良组(P<0.05)。Pearson线性相关分析显示,患者治疗前及术后1、6个月的血清P-selectin水平与CA15-3、TPA水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。ⅡA期、ⅡB期乳腺癌患者治疗前及术后1、6个月血清P-selectin、CA15-3、TPA水平低于ⅢA期乳腺癌患者(P<0.05);Luminal A+B型、Her-2过表达型乳腺癌患者术后1、6个月血清P-selectin、CA15-3、TPA水平低于三阴性型乳腺癌患者(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌新辅助化疗+保乳手术患者治疗前及术后1、6个月的血清P-selectin、CA15-3、TPA水平增高与远期预后密切相关,且不同临床分期与分子分型患者的血清P-selectin、CA15-3、TPA水平存在差异,临床需密切监测乳腺癌患者以上指标水平的变化,尽早预测预后。

醋柴胡多糖对拉米夫定体外抗乙型肝炎病毒的增效作用研究

目的:考察醋柴胡多糖对拉米夫定抗乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的增效作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法:将不同浓度的醋柴胡多糖、拉米夫定及二者联合作用于人肝癌细胞HepG2.2.15,同时设立对照组,孵育48 h,酶联免疫吸附试验试剂盒检测细胞上清液中乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)分泌量,荧光探针定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测细胞HBV脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)表达量,金(正均)氏公式定量分析醋柴胡多糖的增效作用。采用高效液相色谱法测定细胞内拉米夫定含量;Western blot法测定有机阳离子转运蛋白(OCT)1、OCT2、P糖蛋白(P-gp)和多药耐药蛋白2(MRP2)的表达量。结果:与拉米夫定单用组相比,醋柴胡多糖增加拉米夫定对HBsAg分泌的抑制作用,表现为相加作用、对HBeAg作用表现为协同增强,Q值达6.55、对HBV-DNA抑制作用表现为相加。醋柴胡多糖低剂量组、醋柴胡多糖低中剂量组、醋柴胡多糖低高剂量组可显著促进拉米夫定的摄取;醋柴胡多糖高剂量联用组可显著降低P-gp的表达;醋柴胡多糖单用及联用组均可显著提高OCT1的表达。结论:醋柴胡多糖可通过增加拉米夫定的摄取发挥协同抗HBV作用,其作用机制可能P-gp、OCT1有关。

Axonal growth inhibitors and their receptors in spinal cord injury:from biology to clinical translation

Axonal growth inhibitors are released during traumatic injuries to the adult mammalian central nervous system, including after spinal cord injury. These molecules accumulate at the injury site and form a highly inhibitory environment for axonal regeneration. Among these inhibitory molecules, myelinassociated inhibitors, including neurite outgrowth inhibitor A, oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein, myelin-associated glycoprotein, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and repulsive guidance molecule A are of particular importance. Due to their inhibitory nature, they represent exciting molecular targets to study axonal inhibition and regeneration after central injuries. These molecules are mainly produced by neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes within the scar and in its immediate vicinity. They exert their effects by binding to specific receptors, localized in the membranes of neurons. Receptors for these inhibitory cues include Nogo receptor 1, leucine-rich repeat, and Ig domain containing 1 and p75 neurotrophin receptor/tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 19(that form a receptor complex that binds all myelin-associated inhibitors), and also paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and repulsive guidance molecule A bind to Nogo receptor 1, Nogo receptor 3, receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase σ and leucocyte common antigen related phosphatase, and neogenin, respectively. Once activated, these receptors initiate downstream signaling pathways, the most common amongst them being the Rho A/ROCK signaling pathway. These signaling cascades result in actin depolymerization, neurite outgrowth inhibition, and failure to regenerate after spinal cord injury. Currently, there are no approved pharmacological treatments to overcome spinal cord injuries other than physical rehabilitation and management of the array of symptoms brought on by spinal cord injuries. However, several novel therapies aiming to modulate these inhibitory proteins and/or their receptors are under investigation in ongoing clinical trials. Investigation has also been demonstrating that combinatorial therapies of growth inhibitors with other therapies, such as growth factors or stem-cell therapies, produce stronger results and their potential application in the clinics opens new venues in spinal cord injury treatment.

NMM抗肿瘤DNA疫苗原液大肠杆菌菌体蛋白质残留量检测方法的建立与验证

目的建立并验证检测NMM抗肿瘤DNA疫苗原液中大肠杆菌菌体蛋白质残留量的双抗体夹心ELISA试验方法。方法使用双抗体夹心ELISA试验方法检测NMM抗肿瘤DNA疫苗原液中大肠杆菌菌体蛋白残留量,采用四参数logstic曲线进行回归分析,并对该方法的专属性、检测限、定量限、线性与范围、精密度、准确度、耐用性等进行验证,验证通过对5批样品进行检测。结果采用双抗体夹心ELISA试验方法进行大肠杆菌蛋白质残留量检测时,DNA疫苗原液无需进行稀释。NMM抗肿瘤DNA疫苗原液对大肠杆菌菌体蛋白质的检测无干扰及抑制作用,方法的专属性良好;本法检测限为0.41 ng/ml;定量限为0.98 ng/ml;该方法测定宿主菌蛋白质残留量在0~100 ng/ml范围内线性良好,R^(2)≥0.9999;本方法重复性试验中宿主菌蛋白质含量RSD值均低于15%,中间精密度实验中样品吸光值RSD值低于10%,精密度结果良好。在检测线性范围内加入高、中、低3种浓度的大肠杆菌菌体蛋白,回收率均值为100.35%(n=9,RSD=3.58%);本方法检测实验条件发生微小变动时(不同人员、不同批次试剂盒),对测定结果的影响在可接受范围内。应用该方法对5批NMM抗肿瘤DNA疫苗原液中大肠杆菌蛋白质残留量进行检测,大肠杆菌菌体蛋白残留量均在1 ng/mg左右,远低于相关指导原则中规定的不高于1μg/mg的质量标准。结论该方法可用于NMM抗肿瘤DNA疫苗原液中宿主菌蛋白质含量的检测。