Colon perforation due to antigenemia-negative cytomegalovirus gastroenteritis after liver transplantation: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus(CMV) remains a critical complication after solid-organ transplantation. The CMV antigenemia(AG) test is useful for monitoring CMV infection. Although the AG-positivity rate in CMV gastroenteritis is known to be low at onset, almost all cases become positive during the disease course. We treated a patient with transverse colon perforation due to AG-negative CMV gastroenteritis, following a living donor liver transplantation(LDLT).CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 52-year-old woman with decompensated liver cirrhosis as a result of autoimmune hepatitis who underwent a blood-type compatible LDLT with her second son as the donor. On day 20 after surgery, upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy(GE) revealed multiple gastric ulcers and transverse colon ulcers. The biopsy tissue immunostaining confirmed a diagnosis of CMV gastroenteritis. On day 28 after surgery, an abdominal computed tomography revealed transverse colon perforation, and simple lavage and drainage were performed along with an urgent ileostomy. Although the repeated remission and aggravation of CMV gastroenteritis and acute cellular rejection made the control of immunosuppression difficult, the upper GE eventually revealed an improvement in the gastric ulcers, and the biopsy samples were negative for CMV. The CMV-AG test remained negative, therefore, we had to evaluate the status of the CMV infection on the basis of the clinical symptoms and GE.CONCLUSION This case report suggests a monitoring method that could be useful for AGnegative CMV gastroenteritis after a solid-organ transplantation.

THE EFFECT OF HBsAg ANTIGENEMIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN ON FETUSES AND INFANTS

We followed up 1576 pennant women prospectively from less than 24 weeks of pregnancy,in order to investigate the effect of HBsAg antigenemia on fetuses and infants.The resultsshowed that there was no difference between HBsAg-positive and negative pregnant women in the incidence of fetal distress,Premature labor,asphyxia neonatorum, perinatal death,low birth weight,and congenital malformation,P= 0. 6035, 0.2177,0.8722,0.4673,0.9508,and 0.7892,respectively.

Diagnostic value of antigenemia assay for cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal disease in immunocompromised patients

AIM:To investigate the utility of the cytomegalovirus(CMV)antigenemia assay for the diagnosis of CMV gastrointestinal disease(GID). METHODS:One hundred and thirty immunocompromised patients were enrolled in this study.Patients with a history of anti-CMV treatment and who had not undergone examination using the antigenemia assay were excluded.CMV-GID was defined as the detection of large cells with intranuclear inclusions alone or associated with granular cytoplasmic inclusions by biopsy.Biopsy sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically stained with anti-CMV.We evaluated the association between CMV-GID and patient characteristics(symptoms,underlying disease,medication,leukocyte counts,and antigenemia assay).All patients were checked with an human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibody test before endoscopic examination.White blood cell(WBC)counts were obtained from medical records within 1 wk of endoscopy.Leukopenia was defined as a total WBC count<5000 cells/mm 3 . For HIV patients,we also checked CD4+counts from medical records. RESULTS:A total of 99 patients were retrospectively selected for analysis.Of the immunocompromised patients,19 had malignant disease,18 had autoimmune disease,19 had disorders of biochemical homeostasis, three had undergone transplantation,and 45 had HIV infection.A total of 50 patients had received immunosuppressive therapy.No patients had inflammatory bowel disease.Fifty-five patients were diagnosed as having CMV-GID.Univariate analysis indicated an association between HIV infection,leukopenia,and positive antigenemia and CMV-GID(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis using logistic regression revealed that HIV infection and positive antigenemia were the only independent factors related to CMV-GID(P<0.01).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of antigenemia for CMV-GID were 65.4%,93.6%, 91.9%,and 71.0%,respectively.In a subgroup analy-sis,patients with leukopenia displayed low sensitivity and high specificity.Minimal differences in accuracy were seen among patients with or without leukopenia. HIV-infected patients displayed low sensitivity and high specificity.Accuracy barely differed between HIV-positive and-negative patients.In HIV-infected patients, CD4 count<50 cells/μL resulted in low sensitivity and high specificity.Differences in accuracy among patients were minor,regardless of CD4 count.In patients who had undergone both quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and antigenemia assay,real-time PCR was slightly more accurate in terms of sensitivity than the antigenemia assay;however,this difference was not statistically significant(P=0.312). CONCLUSION:If the antigenemia test is positive,endoscopic lesions are acceptable for the diagnosis of CMVGID without biopsy.The accuracy is not affected by HIV infection and leukopenia.Either PCR or the antigenemia assay are valid.

巨细胞病毒抗原血症检测在肾移植术后的应用

目的评估巨细胞病毒抗原血症检测方法对诊断肾移植患者巨细胞病毒感染的意义。方法收集2021年9月至2021年12月昆明市第一人民医院就诊90例肾移植患者的110例血样,对其进行巨细胞病毒(cytomegalovirus,CMV)pp65抗原血症检测与Ig G抗体、CMV DNA结果比较,评估CMV pp65抗原血症结果与肌酐、他克莫司(tacrolimus,Tac/FK506)药物浓度、淋巴细胞亚群的相关性。结果CMV pp65抗原血症结果与CMV DNA结果一致性为65.5%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CMV pp65抗原血症检测结果与CMV IgG抗体检测结果一致性为57.3%,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。CMV pp65抗原血症结果与肌酐、FK506药物浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CMV pp65抗原血症结果与淋巴细胞亚群比较中,仅与NK细胞绝对值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论CMV pp65抗原与CMV IgG抗体结果一致性为57.3%。CMV pp65抗原与CMV DNA结果一致性为65.5%,两种方法联合检测,对提高CMV感染临床诊断准确率具有一定意义。在CMV pp65抗原阴性组与阳性组中,血清肌酐水平、全血FK506药物浓度两组间差异无统计学意义,NK细胞绝对值差异具有统计学意义,NK细胞绝对值偏高的肾移植患者,发生CMV感染的概率偏低。

Asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV-infected patients:a review of recent studies

The prevalence of asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia(ACA)in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infected individuals has been observed to be elevated.The prevalence of ACA ranges from 1.3%to 13%,with different rates of prevalence in various regions of the world.We reviewed studies conducted internationally,and also referred to two established expert consensus guideline documents published in China,and we have concluded that Chinese HIV-infected patients should undergo cryptococcal antigen screening when CD4+T-cell counts fall below 200 cells/μL and that the recommended treatment regimen for these patients follow current World Health Organization guidelines,although it is likely that this recommendation may change in the future.Early screening and optimized preemptive treatment for ACA is likely to help decrease the incidence of cryptococcosis,and is lifesaving.Further studies are warranted to explore issues related to the optimal management of ACA.

Highly Prevalent SARS-CoV-2 Antigenemia in COVID-19 Patients

Background:Many issues,such as severity assessment and antibody responses,remain to be answered eagerly for evaluation and understanding of COVID-19.Immune lesion is one of key pathogenesis of the disease.It would be helpful to understand the disease if an investigation on antigenemia and association was conducted in the patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Methods:A total of 156 patients admitted to the First People’s Hospital of Hefei or Anhui Provincial Hospital on January to February 2020 were involved in this study.SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid(NP)antigen,specific IgM/IgG antibodies,and RNA were detected in sequential sera from three COVID-19 patients,and additional 153 COVID-19 patients by means of NP-antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,colloidal gold quick diagnosis,and real-time RT-PCR,respectively.The clinical types of COVID-19 patients were classified into asymptomatic,mild,moderate,severe,and critical,following on the Chinese guideline of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment.The demographic and clinical data of patients were obtained for comparable analysis.Results:NP antigen was detected in 5 of 20 sequential sera collected from three COVID-19 patients with typically clinical symptoms,and 60.13%(92/153)expanded samples collected within 17days after illness onset.No SARS-CoV-2 RNA segment was detected in these sera.The NP positive proportion reached a peak(84.85%,28/33)on 6 to 8days after illness onset.Both NP concentration and positive proportion were increased with the increase of clinical severity of COVID-19.Compared to NP negativepatients,NP positive patients had older age[years,medians(interquartileranges(IQR)),49(6)vs.31(11)],lowerpositive proportion of NP specific IgM[27.17%(25/92)vs.59.02%(36/61)],and IgG[21.74%(20/92)vs.59.02%(36/61)]antibodies,and longer duration[days,medians(IQR),24(10)vs.21(13)]from illness to recovery.Conclusions:SARS-CoV-2 NP antigenemia occurred in COVID-19,and presented highly prevalent at early stage of the disease.The antigenemia was related to clinical severity of the disease,and may beresponsible for the delay of detectable SARS-Cov-2IgM.

检测pp65抗原和IgM抗体对移植患者CMV活动性感染监测价值比较

目的 比较血pp6 5抗原和IgM抗体检测对移植患者巨细胞病毒 (CMV)活动性感染的诊断价值。方法 收集 5 8位移植患者的血标本 (共 2 0 8份 ) ,分离血浆和多形核白细胞 ,血浆用于CMVIgM抗体检测 (ELISA) ,白细胞用于pp6 5抗原血症检测(荧光免疫组化 )。同时随机取部分血浆标本进行荧光定量PCR分析 ,检测CMVDNA。结果 pp6 5抗原阳性细胞数与CMVDNA拷贝数呈正相关 (r=0 .87) ,也与病人的临床症状密切相关 ,可用于监测移植患者CMV的活动性感染。IgM抗体与pp6 5抗原阳性的一致率为 2 1.2 % ,对CMV感染的敏感性为 2 2 .3% ,特异性为 95 .6 %。结论 pp6 5抗原阳性细胞数能反映CMV的数量 ,可监测CMV活动性感染 ,检测方法特异、灵敏、操作简单 ,适宜临床实验室应用。血清IgM抗体检测因为敏感性较低 ,不适用于移植患者CMV活动性感染的监测。

人巨细胞病毒pp65抗原血症检测方法的建立和初步临床应用

目的 建立人巨细胞病毒抗原 pp6 5 (HCMVpp6 5 )血症特异、灵敏和低成本的酶免组化和荧光免疫组化方法 ,以利于临床推广应用。方法 以HCMV AD16 9感染的人胚肺成纤维细胞 (HELF)爬片作阳性对照 ,选择试剂和材料组建试剂盒 ,并与商品化的同类试剂盒作比较 ,建立人外周血多形核白细胞 (PMNLs)中HCMVpp6 5抗原阳性细胞的检测方法 ,然后再用荧光定量PCR(FQ PCR)方法做相应考评。 结果 我们建立的HCMVpp6 5抗原血症检测法能成功地检出PMNLs中的 pp6 5阳性细胞。其可检测限分别为 10 2 pfu/ml的AD16 9攻击 2 4h后的HELF细胞爬片和 3～ 5个 pp6 5阳性细胞 / 2× 10 5PMNLs ;用高相对分子质量 (5 0 0 0 0 0 )的葡聚糖能快速、有效地分离PMNLs ;用 4 %中性多聚甲醛固定的细胞片 ,于 - 2 0°C或以下可长期保存 (≥ 6个月 ) ,而且 pp6 5抗原性稳定。 结论 自建的试剂盒与同类进口试剂盒相比 ,检测 pp6 5的结果差异无显著性 ,并与FQ PCR的检测结果相一致 ,其检测特异、灵敏、操作简单、费用低廉 ,适宜临床实验室推广应用。

应用荧光定量PCR技术检测小儿尿液中人巨细胞病毒

目的:探讨荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(FQ-PCR)方法检测尿液中人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)对儿童HCMV活动性感染的检测价值。方法:对收集的175份临床标本分别用FQ-PCR方法及低基质磷酸化蛋白(pp65)抗原血症检测方法进行平行检测比较。结果:71例临床患者尿液FQ-PCR检测阳性59例;血液pp65抗原检测阳性53例。尿液中HCMVD-NA检测结果与HCMVpp65抗原血症的一致性为84·2%。结论:FQ-PCR检测敏感性要高于pp65抗原血症检测,可以有效提示体内病毒的活跃程度,具有良好的应用价值。

荧光定量PCR和外周血白细胞pp65抗原血症实验对肾移植术后巨细胞病毒感染的检测

目的 探讨肾移植术后 3个月巨细胞病毒 (CMV)的感染状况 ,比较荧光定量PCR和外周血白细胞 pp6 5抗原血症实验两种方法对肾移植术后巨细胞病毒感染的检测情况和使用价值。方法 分别用荧光定量PCR、外周血白细胞 pp6 5抗原血症实验和ELISA法对我院 2 0 0 1年 1月～2 0 0 2年 12月 5 6例肾移植患肾移植术后 3个月的外周血进行巨细胞病毒的检测。结果 5 6例肾移植患者中CMVpp5 6抗原血症阳性 9例 ( 16 1% ) ,PCR阳性 11例 ( 19 6 % ) ,12例 ( 2 1 4 % )诊断为CMV感染 ,其中 7例为症状性感染 ,5例为无症状性感染。荧光定量PCR和外周血白细胞 pp6 5抗原血症实验的一致性为 92 % ,阳性符合率 6 7% ,阴性符合率 92 %。CMVpp6 5抗原、CMVDNAPCR、CMV IgM的敏感性、特异性分别为 72 %、92 % ;10 0 %、92 % ;4 3%、88%。结论 荧光定量PCR和外周血白细胞 pp6 5抗原血症实验的联合应用 ,对监测CMV活动性感染、临床疗效及预后更加客观。

尸体肾移植术后活动性HCMV感染的预防性治疗

目的:探讨尸体肾移植术后人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)病的防治。方法:应用HCMVAg试验诊断HCMV感染。对本院实施的1150例尸体肾移植分两组进行回顾性分析。结果:治疗组:1989年9月～1997年4月共1050例,HCMV病45例,治愈30例,死亡15例;预防组:1997年5月～1998年5月,共100例,HCMV感染42例,由于进行了预防性治疗,无1例HCMV病发生和因HCMV感染而死亡。结论:HCMVAg试验可以早期诊断活动性HCMV感染,指导HCMV病的有效治疗;对活动性HCMV感染积极进行预防性治疗,能显著减少HCMV病的发生。

抗巨细胞病毒pp65抗原单克隆抗体的制备及临床初步比对检测

目的制备抗巨细胞病毒pp65单克隆抗体并建立外周血巨细胞病毒抗原血症免疫荧光检测方法。方法 CMV AD169感染人胚胎肺成纤维细胞MRC-5后24、48、72h,超声波破碎和甲醛灭活制备CMV抗原,以及CMV pp65重组抗原免疫BALB/C小鼠,标准方法制备抗巨细胞病毒pp65单克隆抗体。利用所得单克隆抗体建立检测外周血巨细胞病毒抗原血症检测的实验方法,并与进口试剂盒CMV BriteTM Kit进行比对。结果共有两株杂交瘤细胞产生特异性抗体,克隆名称为13D1-3和29F1-1,免疫球蛋白亚型分别是IgG1型和IgG2a型,制备的腹水抗体纯化后仍具有良好的免疫学特性。单克隆抗体13D1-3与CMV BriteTM Kit试剂盒比对,阳性符合率为88.8%,阴性符合率为98.9%,总符合率为97.3%,Kappa值为0.895,吻合度较高。结论成功制备抗巨细胞病毒pp65单克隆抗体,建立以13D1-3单克隆抗体为基础的检测外周血巨细胞病毒抗原血症方法,与CMV BriteTM Kit试剂盒比对具有良好的符合性。

Characteristic endoscopic findings and risk factors for cytomegalovirus-associated colitis in patients with active ulcerative colitis

AIM: To identify characteristic endoscopic findings and risk factors for cytomegalovirus(CMV)-associated colitis in patients with active ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS: A total of 149 UC patients admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology, Nagoya University Hospital, from January 2004 to December 2013 with exacerbation of UC symptoms were enrolled in this retrospective study. All medical records, including colonoscopy results, were reviewed. CMV infection was determined by the presence of CMV antigen, CMV inclusion bodies in biopsy specimens, or positive specific immunohistochemical staining for CMV. Multivariate analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for CMV colitis.RESULTS: Multivariate analysis indicated independent associations with the extent of disease(pancolitis) anduse of > 400 mg corticosteroids for the previous 4 wk. In contrast, no association was seen with sex, age at UC diagnosis, immunomodulator use, or infliximab use. Punched-out ulceration was also significantly associated with CMV infection in patients with active UC(odds ratio = 12.672, 95%CI: 4.210-38.143).CONCLUSION: Identification of a total corticosteroid dose > 400 mg for 4 wk, extensive colitis and a specific endoscopic finding of punched-out ulcer might facilitate the more rapid diagnosis and timely initiation of antiviral therapy for CMV-associated colitis in patients with active UC.

急性脱髓鞘脑病患者人巨细胞病毒pp65抗原血症检测的临床意义

目的探讨人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)在急性脱髓鞘脑病(ADBD)中的病原学作用,并评估HCMV-pp65抗原血症在ADBD活动性HCMV感染早期诊断、抗病毒治疗及疗效判断中的价值。方法采用HCMV单克隆抗体免疫荧光法,对64例ADBD患者的外周血进行HCMV-pp65抗原检测,同时采用金标免疫斑点法检测血清HCMV-IgM,并对检测结果以及抗病毒药物应用与疗效进行分析。结果64例ADBD中HCMV-pp65阳性17例(26.6%),HCMV-IgM阳性8例(12.5%);HCMV-pp65阳性者,应用膦甲酸钠治疗9例,痊愈6例(66.7%),好转3例(33.3%);应用无环鸟苷治疗8例,痊愈2例(25.0%),好转4例(50.0%),无效2例(25.0%)。结论HCMV与ADBD的发生密切相关,HCMV-pp65抗原检测是一种敏感性、特异性强的方法,有助于HCMV感染疾病的早期诊断,指导抗病毒治疗及疗效的评价;膦甲酸钠对HCMV感染所致ADBD效果良好。

日本血吸虫病肠相关与卵相关抗原血症检测的诊断互补性初报

应用经羟基磷灰石纯化，偶联长链生物素ＢＡＣＨ（Ｂｉｏｔｉｎａｍｉｎｏｃａｐｒｙｌｈｙｄｒａｚｉｄｅ）的两株主要识别卵相关不同表位的单克隆抗体建立检测灵敏度达微微克水平的硷性磷酸酶抗原捕获酶联试验（ＢＡ－ＡＰＥＬＩＳＡ），对粗制日本血吸虫卵抗原ＳＥＡｊ－ＴＣＡ的检测极限，２Ｈ１０－ＥＬＩＳＡ可达１—０．３ｎｇ／ｍｌ，仅有效地检出日本血吸虫种特异的卵抗原表位分子；而２Ｈ１－ＥＬＩＳＡ则达３．２ｎｇ／ｍｌ，亦能灵敏地检示曼氏血吸虫的卵抗原组分。两组试验反复试用于日本血吸虫病例及正常人群血样检测，显示有非常明显的ＯＤ消光读数差异。同时采用已建立的１Ｂ１０－ＡＰＥＬＩＳＡ检测肠相关ＣＡＡ系列，以平行检测的健康对照组消光ＯＤ均值＋３ＳＤ为阳性界值，对３组采自不同流行区的慢性或混合型病例同批血样进行肠相关ＣＡＡ及卵相关２Ｈ１０和２Ｈ１的二联或三联叠加检测，其累计检出率都得到不同程度的提高，尤以低度流行区的慢性病例组更为明显。

外周血白细胞中人巨细胞病毒pp65抗原的定位及意义

目的明确人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)磷酸基质蛋白65(pp65)抗原在阳性细胞中的定位并初探其定位与病毒活动间的关系,为指导临床病毒抗原血症的监测提供依据。方法利用4,6-联脒-2-苯基吲哚(DAPI)荧光染料能与细胞双链DNA结合的特点,在激光共聚焦显微镜下对HCMV pp65单抗阳染细胞进行抗原定位;同时通过外周血白细胞与病毒共培养技术,检测分析其定位与病毒活动的关系。结果临床标本检测的HCM- Vpp65抗原阳染细胞的表现形式有3种,即细胞浆型、细胞核型和细胞浆核混合型,其中细胞核中的HCMV pp65抗原聚集于细胞核的内部,而非仅仅附着于核表面。进一步的白细胞与病毒共培养结果显示,只有野生型病毒株感染的人胚肺成纤维细胞(HELF)与外周血白细胞共培养,才能检出HCMV pp65抗原阳性的白细胞,而且表现为仅初期(培养1 h内)可检出细胞浆阳染型,随着时间延长,约80%～90%的抗原阳染白细胞表现为细胞核型,偶见细胞浆核混合型。结论HCMV pp65抗原血症时阳染的外周血白细胞的表现形式有3种,即细胞核型、细胞浆型以及细胞浆核混合型,其中细胞核型属细胞核内部型,并非细胞核表面附着型。结合共培养结果认为,细胞核型阳染细胞的检出更能提示病毒的活动。

巨细胞病毒感染和系统性红斑狼疮等结缔组织病

系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)等结缔组织病(CTDs)与巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染关系密切,CMV的感染可能是CTDs患者发病的因素之一,CMV通过分子模拟机制引发了自身免疫反应,同时CTDs患者由于疾病本身及免疫抑制治疗容易发生活动性巨细胞病毒感染。CMVpp65抗原血症检测是早期诊断和鉴别CTDs患者活动性CMV感染的较好指标。SLE患者合并活动性CMV感染时临床表现多样,与SLE疾病本身表现不易区分,确诊CMV感染可通过CMV抗原血症鉴别。CTDs患者的CMV感染需要合适的抗病毒及激素治疗。

婴儿肝炎综合征中人类巨细胞病毒感染检测方法的比较

目的:探讨婴儿肝炎综合征中人类巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染的检测方法。方法:用HCMVpp65抗原血症法及荧光定量聚会酶链反应(FQ鄄PCR)法检测24例患儿34份血浆及多形核白细胞(PMNLs)标本。结果:HCMVpp65抗原血症法诊断巨细胞病毒感染所致婴儿肝炎综合征的特异度为100%,灵敏度为90%;FQ鄄PCR法检测PNNLs的特异度为100%,灵敏度为60%;血浆FQ鄄PCR法的特异度为100%,灵敏度为50%。同一份血标本其血浆中的HCMVDNA拷贝数低于PMNLs,使得血浆FQ鄄PCR法在HCMV诊断及疗效观察方面具有滞后现象。动态观察发现HCMVpp65抗原血症法与FQ鄄PCR法检测的PMNLs结果与婴儿肝炎综合征患儿的治疗过程有较好的符合率。结论:HCMVpp65抗原阳性与HCMV活动性感染密切相关,可作为婴儿肝炎综合征患儿疗效的观察指标。HCMVpp65抗原血症法与FQ鄄PCR法可作为临床诊断HCMV症状性感染的一种快速、有效的实验室方法。

异基因骨髓移植中巨细胞病毒的临床检测

在异基因骨髓移植中 ,巨细胞病毒 (CMV)感染常可引起致命危险及移植失败 ,因而探索早期准确检测CMV感染的有效实验手段至关重要。本文介绍了传统的CMV的培养法及近年来发展起来的抗原检测方法和分子生物学方法。

更昔洛韦治疗异基因脐血移植术后受者巨细胞病毒抗原血症的研究

目的 研究更昔洛韦 (丽科伟 )对异基因脐血移植术后受者巨细胞病毒抗原血症的临床疗效和不良反应 ,探讨预防巨细胞病毒相关性间质性肺炎的理想用药时机及方法。 方法 12例异基因脐血移植受者 ,在移植后出现CMV Ag阳性 ,即给予更昔洛韦治疗 ,诱导治疗 5mg/ (kg·次 ) ,IV ,q 12h ,用药 2周 ,维持治疗 5mg/ (kg·d) ,IV ,qd ,每周用药 5d ,疗程 2～ 3周。 结果 对CMV Ag阴转比例 11/ 12 ;不良反应主要有胃肠不适、肝功能轻度异常 ,且不良反应均在停药后顺利恢复 ,无白细胞减少。 2例治疗前白细胞和血小板持续下降 ,在治疗后白细胞和血小板逐渐恢复正常。 结论 更昔洛韦治疗异基因脐血移植术后受者巨细胞病毒抗原血症的疗效肯定 ,不良反应轻微 ,可作为CMV IP的预防用药。