Evaluation of the intracellular lipid-lowering effect of polyphenols extract from highland barley in HepG2 cells

Active ingredients from highland barley have received considerable attention as natural products for developing treatments and dietary supplements against obesity.In practical application,the research of food combinations is more significant than a specific food component.This study investigated the lipid-lowering effect of highland barley polyphenols via lipase assay in vitro and HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid(OA).Five indexes,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(T-CHO),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),were used to evaluate the lipidlowering effect of highland barley extract.We also preliminary studied the lipid-lowering mechanism by Realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR).The results indicated that highland barley extract contains many components with lipid-lowering effects,such as hyperoside and scoparone.In vitro,the lipase assay showed an 18.4%lipase inhibition rate when the additive contents of highland barley extract were 100μg/m L.The intracellular lipid-lowering effect of highland barley extract was examined using 0.25 mmol/L OA-induced HepG2 cells.The results showed that intracellular TG,LDL-C,and T-CHO content decreased by 34.4%,51.2%,and 18.4%,respectively.ALT and AST decreased by 51.6%and 20.7%compared with the untreated hyperlipidemic HepG2 cells.q PCR results showed that highland barley polyphenols could up-regulation the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes such as PPARγand Fabp4.

Effects of lipid-lowering agents on diabetic retinopathy: a Meta-analysis and systematic review

AIM：To clarify this controversy and to provide evidence for application of lipid lowering agents in treatment of diabetic retinopathy（DR）.METHODS：We searched the databases of Pub Med,Embase and Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials（CENTRAL）and abstracts from main annual meetings up to January 1,2017.Google scholar and Clinical Trials.gov were also searched for unpublished relevant studies.We included randomized controlled trials（RCTs）that studied lipid-lowering agents in type 1 or type 2 diabetes in this Meta-analysis.The primary endpoint was the progression of DR,and the secondary endpoints included vision loss,development of diabetic macular edema（DME）and aggravation of hard exudates.The pooled odds ratios（OR）with corresponding 95%confidence intervals（95%CIs）were calculated.RESULTS：After systemic and manual literature search by two independent investigators,we included 8 RCTs from 7 published articles with 13 454 participants in this Meta-analysis.The results revealed that lipid-lowering drugs were associated with reduced risk in DR progression[OR=0.77（95%CI：0.62,0.96）,P=0.02].Lipid-lowering agents might have protective effect on DME compared to placebo,although the difference was not statistically significant[OR=0.60（95%CI：0.34,1.08）,P=0.09].However,no significant differences in the worsening of vision acuity[OR=0.96（95%CI：0.81,1.14）,P=0.64]and hard exudates[OR=0.50（95%CI：0.15,1.74）,P=0.28]were found between the lipidlowering drugs and the placebo groups.CONCLUSION：In DR patients,lipid-lowering agents show a protective effect on DR progression and might be associated with reduced risk in the development of DME.However,lipid-lowering agents have no effects on vision loss and hard exudates aggravation.Further clinical trials in larger scale are required to confirm the conclusion of this study and thus justify the use of intensive control lipids with anti-lipid agents at the early stages of DR.

Lipid-lowering effect of Oroxylum indicum(L.)Kurz extract in hyperlipidemic mice

Objective:To investigate the effect of Oroxylum indicum fruit extract on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic mice.Methods:The phytochemical composition of Oroxylum indicum fruit extract was determined by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry/mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Forty-two male mice were used.The mice were divided into six groups:normal control,high-fat diet control,simvastatin treatment(20 mg/kg BW/day),and Oroxylum indicum fruit extract(100,200,300 mg/kg BW/day)treatment groups.Food intake,body weight,serum parameters,lipid profile,and histopathological lesions of the kidney,liver,and epididymal fat were observed.Results:LC-MS/MS results revealed four major components of Oroxylum indicum fruit extract:luteolin,apigenin,baicalein,and oroxylin A.Twenty-seven volatile oils were identified from Oroxylum indicum fruit extract.Daily oral administration of Oroxylum indicum fruit extract at 100 to 300 mg/kg BW/day significantly reduced the body weight,total cholesterol,triglyceride,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level(P<0.05),whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher than the high-fat diet control group.Treatment with 300 mg/kg BW/day Oroxylum indicum fruit extract reduced the pathological lesion and prevented fat accumulation in the kidney and liver.Conclusions:Oroxylum indicum fruit extract has hypolipidemic effect in hyperlipidemic mice,and the active ingredients of Oroxylum indicum fruit extract,both flavonoids and volatile oils,should be further explored as an antihyperlipidemic agent.

Characteristic chemical profile of Juhe Fang extract with lipid-lowering properties

Objective:The objective of this study was to verify the lipid-lowering effect of Juhe Fang extract(JHFE)and to determine its characteristic chemical profile in vitro and in vivo.Methods:A hyperlipidemia model was established by feeding mice a high-fat diet(HFD).After treatment for 30 days,serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)levels were measured with an automatic biochemistry analyzer.The components from JHFE obtained from in vivo and in vitro experiments were investigated using an UPLC-Q Exactive-Orbitrap MS/MS.Results:The TC,TG,and LDL-C in the serum significantly decreased and the HDL-C significantly increased after JHFE treatment.A total of 95 compounds from JHEF including 15 phenolic acids(PA),4 phenylethanoid glycosides(PG),24 flavonoids(F),14 triterpenoids(T),10 diterpenoid glycosides(D),18 alkaloids(A)and 10 others(O)were identified.Trigonelline was discovered for the first time in a herbal medicine of Juhe Fang.Furthermore,68 compounds were identified in vivo including 28 prototype compounds and 40 metabolites.The metabolic characteristics of these components were revealed including identification of new metabolites of 4-hydroxyphenyl ethyl-8-O-[a-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1/6)]-b-D-glucopyranoside(PEG)and lirinidine.A total of 43 components from JHFE were absorbed and/or metabolized.The contribution rate of each type of chemical component from JHFE to its lipidlowering effect from high to low were A,F,PG,PA,D and T.Conclusion:The results of this study showed that JHFE demonstrated a significant lipid-lowering effect in a high-fat diet(HFD)-induced hyperlipidemia mouse model.Specific types of PA,PG,F,D,T and A formed the pharmaceutical architecture of the lipid-lowering effect of JHFE.This study should prove useful for clarifying the components responsible for the lipid-lowering effect of JHFE and provide a basis for precision quality control research.

魔芋超细粉末的减肥作用

目的 :考察魔芋超细粉末对营养性肥胖大鼠的减肥作用 .方法 :用紫外可见分光光度法测定大鼠血液中的三酰甘油、胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白含量 ,用分光光度法测定大鼠血糖值 ,通过测量体质量变化及Lee s系数考察魔芋超细粉末的减肥效果 .结果 :与魔芋精粉及魔芋多糖相比 ,魔芋超细粉末可明显降低营养性肥胖大鼠的体质量 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,以及营养性肥胖大鼠血液中的三酰甘油和高密度脂蛋白含量 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,Lee s系数和血液中胆固醇也有降低 .结论 :魔芋超细粉末具有比魔精粉及魔芋多糖更明显的减肥作用 .

魔芋超细及纳米粉末的减肥特性研究

目的 考察魔芋超细及纳米粉末对营养性肥胖大鼠的减肥作用。方法 用紫外可见分光光度法测定大鼠血液中的甘油三酯、胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白含量 ,用分光光度法测定大鼠血糖值 ,通过测量体重变化及 L ee's系数考察魔芋超细及纳米粉末的减肥效果。结果 与魔芋精粉及魔芋多糖相比 ,魔芋超细及纳米粉末可明显降低营养性肥胖大鼠的体重和 L ee's系数 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,还可明显降低营养性肥胖大鼠血液中的甘油三酯、胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白含量 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 魔芋超细及纳米粉末具有比魔芋精粉及魔芋多糖更明显的减肥作用。

云南小粒咖啡类黑精的抗氧化及减肥功能

目的:探讨云南小粒咖啡类黑精的抗氧化能力和减肥功能。方法:用热水提取法提取中烘焙度云南小粒咖啡中的类黑精(M_总),再将提取的类黑精产物按分子质量大小分成>100 kDa(M_1)、10～100 kDa(M_2)、<10 kDa(M_3)3个部分。用羟自由基、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除率和总还原力评价M_总、M_1、M_2、M_3的抗氧化能力;通过饲喂高脂饲料建立大鼠肥胖模型,检测不同质量浓度咖啡类黑精对肥胖大鼠体质量、体脂质量、血脂水平、脂体比、脂肪组织形态、肝脏组织形态等指标的影响。结果:相同质量浓度下,云南小粒咖啡类黑精不同分子质量产物自由基清除能力和总还原力不同;不同剂量处理组咖啡类黑精均能降低大鼠体质量、体脂质量;肝组织切片显示,中、高剂量处理组大鼠肝脏组织结构完整、肝细胞大小一致、胞浆均匀、细胞核清晰;脂肪组织切片显示,高剂量处理组大鼠脂肪细胞较模型组减小,且排列均匀、结构完整。结论:云南小粒咖啡类黑精及不同分子质量产物均具有不同程度抗氧化能力;高质量浓度(72 g/100 mL)云南小粒咖啡类黑精具有一定的减肥作用,能抑制大鼠体质量的增加,减少肝脏内脂肪堆积,对肝脏具有一定的保护作用。

小麦麸皮多酚对肥胖大鼠的减肥降脂作用

目的:观察小麦麸皮多酚(wheat bran polyphenol,WBP)对饮食诱导肥胖大鼠的减肥降脂作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法:80只6周龄SD大鼠,雌雄各半,适应性饲养一周后,随机抽取10只作为空白对照组饲以基础饲料,其余70只作为模型组饲以高脂饲料,以大鼠体质量增长率超过20%认为造模成功。筛选成模大鼠50只,随机分为5组:模型组(蒸馏水5.0 mL/kg m_(b)),阳性对照甜菜碱(trimethylglycine,TMG)(0.10g/kgmb)组,WBP低(WBP-L)(1.50g/kgmb)、中(WBP-M)(3.00g/kgmb)、高(WBP-H)(6.00g/kgmb)剂量组,每组10只,每日按5.0 mL/kg m_(b)灌胃给予受试物;空白对照组灌以蒸馏水(5.0 mL/kg m_(b)),干预9周。干预期间每周测量体质量1次,每周测定进食量并计算食物效应比。干预末期,大鼠禁食不禁水12 h后乙醚麻醉,腹主动脉采集血样,并取肝脏和周围脂肪组织,称质量,计算肝脏系数、肥胖指数。从血液中分离血清测定血生化指标;取一定量肝组织进行匀浆,测定抗炎、抗氧化活性等相关指标。取部分肝脏进行病理组织学分析,观察肝组织脂肪变性的程度。结果:各剂量WBP均可降低肥胖大鼠食物效应比,抑制大鼠体质量增长;降低肥胖大鼠肝脏质量及肝脏系数。各剂量WBP均可明显降低肥胖大鼠血清中甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、肌酐(creatinine,CREA)水平;此外,各剂量WBP均可不同程度降低肥胖大鼠肝匀浆中白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-6、IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF-α)、脂联素(adiponectin,ADPN)、瘦素(leptin,LEP)水平,显著提升谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)、脂蛋白脂酶(lipoprotein lipase,LPL)、肝脂酶(hepaticlipase,HL)水平(P<0.05,P<0.01),且效果均优于阳性对照TMG。结论:WBP可抑制单纯性肥胖大鼠肥胖程度,降低血脂水平,减轻肥胖引起的慢性炎症,抑制肝损伤,从而起到减肥、降脂、保肝的作用。综上,WBP具有开发成为减肥降脂功能性食品及保健品的潜力,本研究可为科学合理开发小麦麸皮提供理论参考和依据。

豆茶决明对高脂诱导C57BL/6J小鼠肥胖和胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的:探讨豆茶决明对高脂诱导肥胖和胰岛素抵抗的干预作用。方法:雄性C57BL/6J小鼠90只分为6组,即正常组,模型组,豆茶决明低、中、高剂量组(0.1,0.3,0.9 g·kg-1),阳性药组(罗格列酮,0.75 mg·kg-1),每组15只,ig给药。每周称量体重,8周末,禁食不禁水12 h,测量空腹血糖(FBG),处死后测量体长,称量腹部、睾丸及双肾部位脂肪湿重,取腹部脂肪组织制备石蜡切片进行HE染色,测定空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI),检测血清总胆固醇(TCH),甘油三酯(TG)以及白细胞介素-6(IL-6),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。结果:与正常组比较,模型组小鼠体重明显升高,FBG,FINS,血清TCH,TG,IL-6和TNF-α水平明显升高,IRI明显升高,均具有明显统计学差异(P<0.01);与模型组比较,豆茶决明低、中、高剂量组小鼠体重明显下降,FBG,FINS,血清TCH,TG,IL-6和TNF-α水平明显降低,IRI明显减小,均具有明显统计学差异(P<0.05,P<0.01)。病理组织检测显示,各给药组均能明显降低模型组脂肪含量及细胞体积。结论:豆茶决明具有抑制肥胖和胰岛素抵抗的作用。

万年蒿及其有效成分的药理作用研究进展

万年蒿Artemisia sacrorum是中国东北地区的习用药材,有清热解毒、凉血止血、止痛的功效。现代药理学研究表明,万年蒿及其有效成分在保肝、抗癌、抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗肥胖、抗菌、抗氧化、镇痛等方面具有良好的药理活性,同时对万年蒿防治肝损伤、抗癌、抗炎、抗肥胖等的作用机制进行了研究。随着蒿属植物研究的深入,万年蒿作为常用的蒿属植物得到了更多的关注。对万年蒿及其有效成分的药理作用进行综述,以期为进一步利用、质量控制以及新药研发提供依据。