In vitro organogenesis of an upland species of Colocasia esculenta cv. antiquorum L. was examined in relation to different explants like meristem and parenchymatous storage tissues with or without anthocyanin layer, f...In vitro organogenesis of an upland species of Colocasia esculenta cv. antiquorum L. was examined in relation to different explants like meristem and parenchymatous storage tissues with or without anthocyanin layer, four levels of each of Kn, 2,4-D, NAA and BAP and four incubation environments such as: 1) 16 h 3 Kl light intensity + 24°C ± 2°C;2) 24 h dark + 24°C ± 2°C;3) 24 h dark + 30°C ± 3°C and 4) 12 h diffuse light + 30°C ± 3°C. Only meristems showed proliferation with various degree of intensity both at 16 h 3 Kl light + 24°C ± 2°C and 24 h dark + 24°C ± 2°C conditions and poor response with different levels of Kn + NAA either in light or in the dark. Cultures with NAA + BAP were proliferated very quickly with very high degree of intensity. The cultures under dark did not proliferate for 20 days which upon transfer to light showed high degree of proliferation. Cultures with NAA + BAP formed calluses more pronouncedly at dark than that occurred in the light. Parenchymatous tissues with or without anthocyanin did not proliferate but the tissues with anthocyanin lost pigmentation after 25 - 30 days and turned to grey colour after 50 days while tissues without anthocyanin turned to green colour with shinny pimples indicating that protocorm may be developed. No culture under high temperature environment (30°C ± 3°C) neither survived nor proliferated. The meristems in culture were died within 15 - 20 days while others within 25-30 days. In conclusion, a combination of NAA (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l) and BAP (0.5 - 2.0 mg/l) and an incubation photoperiod of 16 h coupled with temperature of 24°C ± 2°C were found most suitable for in vitro culture of Colocasia esculenta cv. antiquorum L.展开更多
The latexes of the three Euphorbia species, namely E. antiquorum L., E. nerifolia L., and E. tirucalli L., are highly valued in the Indian system of medicine as purgatives, in addition to their specific and distinct t...The latexes of the three Euphorbia species, namely E. antiquorum L., E. nerifolia L., and E. tirucalli L., are highly valued in the Indian system of medicine as purgatives, in addition to their specific and distinct therapeutic activities. In order to distinguish these latexes and develop their diagnostic microscopic and chemical markers, we performed extensive chemical and microscopic studies. The three latexes differ significantly in their microscopic features by exhibiting characteristic starch grain patterns. Although amoebic structures were found to be characteristic of E. antiquorum, dumb-bell and oval structures are characteristic of E. nerifolia and E. tirucalli, respectively. In addition, these latexes showed bone-shaped structures as a common feature, but these differed considerably in their length （10-60, 30-55, and 50-70 μm in length in E. antiquorum, E. nerifolia, and E. tirucalli, respectively）. The chemical markers nerifoliene and euphol were found to be common to both E. antiquorum and E. nerifolia, whereas euphol is the only marker for E. tirucalli. A reverse-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatographic （HPTLC） method was developed to distinguish these three latexes and to generate their standard fingerprinting patterns. Most significantly, the markers nerifoliene and euphol could be resolved by RP-18 F254s precoated aluminium plates and the latexes have been quantitatively estimated with respect to these markers. The developed microscopic, chemical and HPTLC patterns can be used to distinguish the three latexes.展开更多
文摘In vitro organogenesis of an upland species of Colocasia esculenta cv. antiquorum L. was examined in relation to different explants like meristem and parenchymatous storage tissues with or without anthocyanin layer, four levels of each of Kn, 2,4-D, NAA and BAP and four incubation environments such as: 1) 16 h 3 Kl light intensity + 24°C ± 2°C;2) 24 h dark + 24°C ± 2°C;3) 24 h dark + 30°C ± 3°C and 4) 12 h diffuse light + 30°C ± 3°C. Only meristems showed proliferation with various degree of intensity both at 16 h 3 Kl light + 24°C ± 2°C and 24 h dark + 24°C ± 2°C conditions and poor response with different levels of Kn + NAA either in light or in the dark. Cultures with NAA + BAP were proliferated very quickly with very high degree of intensity. The cultures under dark did not proliferate for 20 days which upon transfer to light showed high degree of proliferation. Cultures with NAA + BAP formed calluses more pronouncedly at dark than that occurred in the light. Parenchymatous tissues with or without anthocyanin did not proliferate but the tissues with anthocyanin lost pigmentation after 25 - 30 days and turned to grey colour after 50 days while tissues without anthocyanin turned to green colour with shinny pimples indicating that protocorm may be developed. No culture under high temperature environment (30°C ± 3°C) neither survived nor proliferated. The meristems in culture were died within 15 - 20 days while others within 25-30 days. In conclusion, a combination of NAA (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l) and BAP (0.5 - 2.0 mg/l) and an incubation photoperiod of 16 h coupled with temperature of 24°C ± 2°C were found most suitable for in vitro culture of Colocasia esculenta cv. antiquorum L.
基金Publication of this paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30424813） and Science Publication Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Supported by the Regional Research Laboratory, Bhubaneswar. Acknowledgements The authors thank Dr Vibhuti N. Misra, Director, Regional Research Laboratory, Bhubaneswar, for encouragement and also Dr S. N. Padhy, State Forensic Laboratory, Bhubaneswar, for help running some of the HPTLC chromatograms.
文摘The latexes of the three Euphorbia species, namely E. antiquorum L., E. nerifolia L., and E. tirucalli L., are highly valued in the Indian system of medicine as purgatives, in addition to their specific and distinct therapeutic activities. In order to distinguish these latexes and develop their diagnostic microscopic and chemical markers, we performed extensive chemical and microscopic studies. The three latexes differ significantly in their microscopic features by exhibiting characteristic starch grain patterns. Although amoebic structures were found to be characteristic of E. antiquorum, dumb-bell and oval structures are characteristic of E. nerifolia and E. tirucalli, respectively. In addition, these latexes showed bone-shaped structures as a common feature, but these differed considerably in their length （10-60, 30-55, and 50-70 μm in length in E. antiquorum, E. nerifolia, and E. tirucalli, respectively）. The chemical markers nerifoliene and euphol were found to be common to both E. antiquorum and E. nerifolia, whereas euphol is the only marker for E. tirucalli. A reverse-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatographic （HPTLC） method was developed to distinguish these three latexes and to generate their standard fingerprinting patterns. Most significantly, the markers nerifoliene and euphol could be resolved by RP-18 F254s precoated aluminium plates and the latexes have been quantitatively estimated with respect to these markers. The developed microscopic, chemical and HPTLC patterns can be used to distinguish the three latexes.
