Apically guiding electron/mass transfer reaction induced by Ag/FeN_(x)Mott-Schottky effect within a hollow star reactor toward high performance zinc-air batteries

The disparity in the transfer of carriers(electrons/mass)during the reaction in zinc-air batteries(ZABs)results in sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER),along with elevated overpotentials,thereby imposing additional constraints on its utilization.Therefore,the pre-design and target-development of inexpensive,high-performance,and long-term stable bifunctional catalysts are urgently needed.In this work,an apically guiding dual-functional electrocatalyst(Ag-FeN_(x)-N-C)was prepared,in which a hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon with three-dimensional(3D)hollow star-shaped structure is used as a substrate and high-conductivity Ag nanoparticles are coupled with iron nitride(FeN_(x))nanoparticles.Theoretical calculations indicate that the Mott-Schottky heterojunction as an inherent electric field comes from the two-phase bound of Ag and FeN_(x),of which electron accumulation in the FeN_(x)phase region and electron depletion in the Ag phase region promote orientated-guiding charge migration.The effective modulation of local electronic structures felicitously reforms the d-band electron-group distribution,and intellectually tunes the masstransfer reaction energy barriers for both ORR/OER.Additionally,the hollow star-s haped hierarchical porous structure provides an apical region for fast mass transfer.Experimental results show that the halfwave potential for ORR is 0.914 V,and the overpotential for OER is only 327 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2).A rechargeable ZAB with Ag-FeN_(x)-N-C as the air cathode demonstrates long-term cycling performance exceeding 1500 cycles(500 h),with a power density of 180 mW cm^(-2).Moreover,when employing AgFeN_(x)-N-C as the air cathode,flexible ZABs demonstrate a notable open-circuit voltage of 1.42 V and achieve a maximum power density of 65.6 mW cm^(-2).Ag-FeN_(x)-N-C shows guiding electron/mass transfer route and apical reaction microenvironment for the electrocatalyst architecture in the exploration prospects of ZABs.

Microsurgical management of radicular cyst using guided tissue regeneration technique:A case report

BACKGROUND Radicular cyst is a lesion of odontogenic origin that arises from epithelial remains due to periapical periodontitis caused by inflammatory reactions generated at the apex of affected teeth with infected or necrotic pulps.The therapeutic mana gement of radicular cysts is controversial.There is only one case report of enucleation of a radicular cyst managed with microsurgery and apicoectomy,but without the use of the guided tissue regeneration(GTR)technique in the same surgical procedure.The present clinical case describes the management of a radicular cyst with microsurgical approach,performance of an apicoectomy of the tooth associated with the entity,application of GTR technique,use of a resorbable membrane of type I bovine collagen,and bovine xenograft.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old patient presented with a radicular cyst from an upper lateral incisor.The microsurgical management used was aimed at enucleating the chemical membrane,performing apicoectomy of the tooth along with careful and precise retrograde filling,and implementing GTR technique using a resorbable collagen membrane and bovine xenograft.The diagnosis of radicular cyst was confirmed using histopathological analysis.The patient underwent follow-up evaluations at 10 and 30 d postoperatively.At 4 months postoperative evaluation,she remained asymptomatic,and radiographs showed significant periapical healing with adequate bone formation.CONCLUSION These results suggest that microsurgical management using the GTR technique with collagen membrane and xenograft,contributes to bone regeneration.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of One-Time Endodontics in the Treatment of Chronic Apical Periodontitis with Sinus Tract in Pediatric Deciduous Teeth

Objective:To observe the effectiveness and safety of one-time endodontics in the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in pediatric deciduous teeth.Methods:109 cases of children with chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in the deciduous teeth treated in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and grouped by the randomized numerical table method,with 54 cases in the experimental group and 55 cases in the control group.The experimental group was treated with one-time endodontics and the control group was treated with conventional endodontics.Results:After the treatment,the total effective rate of treatment was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse events was lower in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the satisfaction of the children's family members was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the pain duration was lower in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the experimental group,children with chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract of the deciduous teeth were given one-time endodontic treatment,and the results of its implementation were relatively good.

Embryogenesis,Germination,Structure and Cotyledon Dimorphism of Zea mays Embryo

A series of new cognitions on the morphogenesis of maize ( Zea mays L.) embryo have been obtained with scanning electron microscopy and semi-thin section techniques. 1. The proembryo. The proembryo from zygotic cell divisions may be divided into three parts: proper, hypoblast and suspensor. The suspensor is short and small, and only exists transiently. As to the hypoblast there is a growth belt, which promotes elongation of the hypoblast. Eventually the upper portion of the hypoblast contributes to the formation of the coleorhiza and the remainder dries up, sticking to the end of the coleorhiza. 2. The maize embryo possesses dorsiventrality and cotyledon dimorphism. During early proembryo stage, the dorsiventrality appears in the proper of the embryo. On the ventral side, the cells are small with dense cytoplasm and few vacuoles. On the dorsal side, the cells are larger with lower cytoplasmic density and have more vacuoles. During later proembryo stage, the proper develops into two parts: the ventrum and the dorsurn. The ventrum rises up from the center of the ventral side. The dorsurn is composed of the marginal area of the ventral side and the whole dorsal side of the proper. During young embryo development, the ventrum differentiates into the coleoptile, apical meristem, hypocotyl, radicle and the main part of the coleorhiza. What is more important, the emergence of coleoptile primordium and radicular initials occur at the axis of the proper, then the coleoptile primordium expands from its two ends toward left and right to form a ring, and the endogenous radicular initials expand in all directions to form a conical radicular tip. All these morphogenetic activities of the ventrum follow a bilateral symmetrical pattern. The dorsurn forms the scutellum. primordium. Then the scutellum primordium, expands rapidly toward the left, right, front and back, while thickening itself, so as to make all components originating from the ventrum become hidden in the longitudinal groove of the scutellum. Lastly, the left and right lateral scales emerge from the edges of the longitudinal groove and expand toward the central line of the axis. As a consequence, morphologically, the bilateral symmetry of the ventral side of the embryo is revealed entirely. Morphogenetically, the coleoptile primordium and apical meristem in maize are similar to the coleoptile (apical cotyledon) and apex formation of the nice embryo, so the coleoptile of the maize embryo can also be considered as an apical cotyledon. The scutellum is a lateral cotyledon. These dimorphic cotyledons of the maize embryo originate from the dorsiventrality of the proper. 3. The true morphological structure of the maize embryo is recognized and its developmental stages are established. A maize embryo is a hypocotyl, in which the apical part is the shoot apex (or plumule) with the coleoptile, the central part consists mainly of the hypocotyl with a lateral cotyledon (scutellum), and the basal part is the radicle with coleorhiza. The left and right lateral scales derived from the scutellum overlap at the ventral side, leaving only two little pores at both ends of the seam from which the coleoptile and coleorhiza can be seen. The four sequential stages of maize embryonic development are as follows: (1) proembryo, stage. This stage covers a period from zygotic cell division to the appearance of the dorsum and ventrum. (2) ventrum rapid differentiation stage. (3) scutellum rapid expansion stage. (4) lateral scale development stage (or embryonic envelope formation stage). 4. To obtain a median longitudinal section perpendicular to the ventral surface is crucial for recognizing the genuine morphological structure of the maize embryo.

The Structure of Oryza Embryos and Their Dimorphic Cotyledons

It has been generally held in botany that Oryza sativa L. is a monocotyledon. Based on studies of rice embryo development we confirmed that rice embryo has two dimorphic cotyledons rather than just one cotyledon. In the present study we attempt to know if the morphology of embryos in other species of Oryza differs from O. sativa and if these embryos have dimorphic cotyledon. Two types of embryo structures were observed in 22 species and/or subspecies of genus Oryza under the scanning electron microscope. Type 1, the O.sativa type, which is characterized by ventral scale and lateral scales, was found in 16 species. Type 2, the O. meyeriana (Zoll. et Mor. ex Steud.) Baill. ssp. tuberculata W. C. Wu et Y. G. Lu, G. C. Wang type, with no ventral scale and lateral scales, was found in 6 species and subspecies. The embryogenic process of O.sativa and O.meyeriana sub. tuberculata showed that the scutellum primordium, coleorhiza primordium, coleoptile primordium and shoot apical meristem directly differentiate from proembryo. The former two later develop into the embryo envelope, which is the outside cotyledon; the coleoptile primordium develops into the coleoptile with the shape of inverted empty cone surrounding and covering the growth cone, which is the apical cotyledon. Both types of rice embryos have dimorphic cotyledons. The structural difference between them is that the scutellum primordium of the young embryo in type 2 does not differentiate ventral scale and lateral scales while the embryo of type 1 does. The dimorphic cotyledons of embryo of Oryza plants originate from the dorsiventrality of proembryo.

PCI中断机制初探

首先介绍了PCI的中断结构,包括可编程中断控制和高级可编程中断控制两种范式,然后以Linux操作系统为例详细探讨了PCI的自动配置能力、共享中断的实现以及中断处理过程等几方面的关键技术。

一种基于Linux操作系统下时钟系统的改进机制

随着Linux操作系统的成功,改进Linux的设计和性能,使其应用于实时领域受到了越来越多人的关注。考虑到Linux目前的时钟粒度仍然粗糙,它将直接影响到整个内核的实时性能,文中提出了一种基于Linux操作系统下时钟系统的改进机制,找出修改时钟系统提高实时性的具体方法。实验结果显示,所作改进以不大的代价有效地提高了Linux的实时性能。

产教融合背景下高职物流管理专业教学改革探讨

高职物流专业教育的使命是能够培养学生的职业核心技能,更好满足社会对人才的需求。由于高职院校对物流管理技能的认知与企业岗位实际需求存在偏差,导致学生对就业环境不够满意。在产教融合的现实背景下,通过物流管理专业教学现状分析,找出长期存在的问题,结合国外教育经验,对接1+X制度,提出做好组织结构调整、专业定位、课程体系变革、加强实践教学、重构评估体系、政府发挥推动作用、文化育人的策略。

Isolation and Characterization of an Arabidopsis Bushy and Dwarf Mutant

Apical dominance is a phenomenon that the growth of axillary meristems is inhibited by the primary shoot or inflorescence. Recent researches have begun to reveal the molecular mechanisms of apical dominance by isolating and identifying mutants with altered apical dominance. Here we report isolation of a bushy and dwarf 1 (bud1) mutant from Arabidopsis thaliana L. through a T-DNA tagging approach. The phenotypes of bul1 plants include loss of apical dominance, reduced plant size and dwarfism, suggesting that the bud1 mutant may be involved in auxin metabolism, transport or signalling. Using a reporter gene driven by an auxin-responsive promoter, we found that the expression pattern of auxin response element was altered in bud1. The auxin sensitivity and transport assay indicates that these two processes are normal in bud1. These results suggest that the bud1 phenotypes may result from an alteration in auxin metabolism. Genetic analysis demonstrates that bud1 is a semidominant mutant and cosegregates with a T-DNA insertion, which indicates that BUD1 gene could be cloned by iPCR approach.

Apical bud上皮诱导脂肪间充质干细胞向成牙本质样细胞分化的研究

目的:通过体外及体内实验探讨大鼠切牙Apical bud上皮细胞诱导大鼠脂肪来源间充质干细胞向成牙本质细胞分化的能力。方法:分离培养大鼠脂肪间充质干细胞、Apical bud上皮细胞,制备Apical bud上皮条件诱导液并体外对ADSCs诱导7d,通过实时定量PCR方法检测成牙本质关键基因DMP-1及DSPP的表达。制备ADSCs及Apical bud上皮重组细胞团进行大鼠肾被膜下移植,8W后取材,分别采用HE染色、Masson三色法和免疫组化方法对移植生成物进行组织学检测。结果:Apical bud上皮诱导ADSCs后DMP-1及DSPP m R NA表达水平显著高于对照组。体内移植8W后H E染色可见管样牙本质和骨样牙本质样结构,Masson三色法可以观察到有绿色的牙本质样结构,免疫组化检测中CK14染色阳性,DSPP染色阳性。结论:Apical bud上皮细胞在体外能够诱导ADSCs向成牙本质细胞分化,且细胞重组在体内可以构建出牙本质样结构。

基于APIC时钟的嵌入式Linux内核实时化研究

在分析目前Linux的各种实时化方法的基础上,提出了基于APIC时钟修改的方法,以获得更高的硬实时性能。对APIC中断函数进行修改,将APIC中断和8254中断排序,使得硬实时中断的优先级大于普通8254中断,从而获得了更高的实时性能。多组仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。

基于Local APIC的Windows 2000实时化改造

提出了一种用于提高Windows 2000的实时性改造方案,该方案首先通过设置Local APIC上的硬件定时器的中断向量来提升硬件定时器的中断优先级(IRQL),从而使其高于系统时钟优先级,并使该定时器中断的中断服务程序运行动态加载的实时任务。由于中断服务程序运行实时任务是动态加载,无需重启操作系统。因此,该改造方案实现比较简便,适用于实时计算环境。

Overexpressed miRNA-155 dysregulates intestinal epithelial apical junctional complex in severe acute pancreatitis

AIM:To investigate whether miRNA-155(miR-155)dysregulates apical junctional complex(AJC)protein expression in experimental severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).METHODS:Twenty-four male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to two groups:the SAP group(n=12)receiving sequential intraperitoneal injection of 50μg/kg caerulein and 10 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide over 6h,and the control group(n=12)receiving intraperitoneal injection of normal saline.Animals were sacrificed3 h following the last injection for collection of blood samples and pancreas and distal ileal segment specimens.Routine pancreas and intestine histology was used to assess SAP pathology and intestinal epithelial barrier damage.Levels of serum amylase,diamine oxidase(DAO),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αwere determined using commercial kits.Total RNA samples were isolated from intestinal epithelial specimens and reversely transcribed into cDNA.miR-155 and RhoA mRNA expression profiles were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Target genes for miR-155 were predicted using the miRTarBase database,RNA22 and PicTar computational methods.Western blotting was performed to quantitate the protein expression levels of the target gene RhoA,as well as zonula occludens(ZO)-1 and E-cadherin,two AJC component proteins.RESULTS:Intraperitoneal injection of caerulein and lipopolysaccharide successfully induced experimental acute pancreatic damage(SAP vs control,10.0±2.0vs 3.2±1.2,P<0.01)and intestinal epithelial barrier damage(3.2±0.7 vs 1.4±0.7,P<0.01).Levels of serum amylase(21.6±5.1 U/mL vs 14.3±4.2 U/mL,P<0.01),DAO(21.4±4.1 mg/mL vs 2.6±0.8 mg/mL,P<0.01),and TNF-α(61.0±15.1 ng/mL vs 42.9±13.9 ng/mL,P<0.01)increased significantly in SAP mice compared to those in control mice.miR-155 was significantly overexpressed in SAP intestinal epithelia(1.94±0.50 fold vs 1.03±0.23 fold,P<0.01),and RhoA gene containing three miR-155-specific binding sites in the three prime untranslated regions was one of the target genes for miR-155.RhoA(22.7±5.8 folds vs 59.6±11.6 folds,P<0.01),ZO-1(46±18 folds vs68±19 folds,P<0.01),and E-cadherin proteins(48±15 folds vs 77±18 folds,P<0.01)were underexpressed in SAP intestinal epithelia although RhoA mRNA expression was not significantly changed in SAP(0.97±0.18 folds vs 1.01±0.17 folds,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:TNF-α-regulated miR-155 overexpression inhibits AJC component protein syntheses of ZO-1,and E-cadherin by downregulating post-transcriptional RhoA expression,and disrupts intestinal epithelial barrier in experimental SAP.

Glutamate reduces experimental intestinal hyperpermeability and facilitates glutamine support of gut integrity

AIM:To assess whether glutamate plays a similar role to glutamine in preserving gut wall integrity.METHODS:The effects of glutamine and glutamate on induced hyperpermeability in intestinal cell lines were studied.Paracellular hyperpermeability was induced in Caco2.BBE and HT-29CL.19A cell lines by adding phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate(PDB) apically,after which the effects of glutamine and glutamate on horseradish peroxidase(HRP) diffusion were studied.An inhibitor of glutamate transport(L-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid:trans-PDC) and an irreversible blocker(acivicin) of the extracellular glutamine to glutamate converting enzyme,γ-glutamyltransferase,were used.RESULTS:Apical to basolateral HRP flux increased significantly compared to controls not exposed to PDB (n=30,P<0.001).Glutamine application reduced hyperpermeability by 19%and 39%in the respective cell lines.Glutamate application reduced hyperpermeability by 30%and 20%,respectively.Incubation of HT29CL.19A cells with acivicin and subsequent PDB and glutamine addition increased permeability levels.Incubation of Caco2.BBE cells with trans-PDC followed by PDB and glutamate addition also resulted in high permeability levels.CONCLUSION:Apical glutamate-similar to glutaminecan decrease induced paracellular hyperpermeability.Extracellular conversion of glutamine to glutamate and subsequent uptake of glutamate could be a pivotal step in the mechanism underlying the protective effect of glutamine.

AtCDC5 regulates the G2 to M transition of the cell cycle and is critical for the function of Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem

As a cell cycle regulator, the Myb-related CDC5 protein was reported to be essential for the G2 phase of the cell cycle in yeast and animals, but little is known about its function in plants. Here we report the functional characterization of the CDC5 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis CDC5 （AtCDC5） is mainly expressed in tissues with high cell division activity, and is expressed throughout the entire process of embryo formation. The AtCDC5 loss-of-function mutant is embryonic lethal. In order to investigate the function of AtCDC5 in vivo, we generated AtCDC5-RNAi plants in which the expression of AtCDC5 was reduced by RNA interference. We found that the G2 to M （G2/M） phase transition was affected in the AtCDC5-RNAi plants, and that endoreduplication was increased. Additionally, the maintenance of shoot apical meristem （SAM） function was disturbed in the AtCDC5-RNAi plants, in which both the WUSCHEL （WUS）- CLAVATA （CLV） and the SHOOT MERISTEMLESS （STM） pathways were impaired. In situ hybridization analysis showed that the expression of STMwas greatly reduced in the shoot apical cells of the AtCDC5-RNAi plants. Moreover, cyclinB1 or Histone4 was found to be expressed in some of these cells when the transcript of STM was undetectable. These results suggest that AtCDC5 is essential for the G2/M phase transition and may regulate the function of SAM by controlling the expression ofSTMand WUS.

Orbital inflammatory disease:Pictorial review and differential diagnosis

Orbital inflammatory disease(OID) represents a collec tion of inflammatory conditions affecting the orbit. OID is a diagnosis of exclusion, with the differential diagno sis including infection, systemic inflammatory conditions and neoplasms, among other conditions. Inflammatory conditions in OID include dacryoadenitis, myositis, cel lulitis, optic perineuritis, periscleritis, orbital apicitis, and a focal mass. Sclerosing orbital inflammation is a rare condition with a chronic, indolent course involving dense fibrosis and lymphocytic infiltrate. Previously though to be along the spectrum of OID, it is now considered a distinct pathologic entity. Imaging plays an importan role in elucidating any underlying etiology behind orbita inflammation and is critical for ruling out other condi tions prior to a definitive diagnosis of OID. In this re view, we will explore the common sites of involvemen by OID and discuss differential diagnosis by site and key imaging findings for each condition.

Multimodality imaging in apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(AHCM) is a relatively rare morphologic variant of HCM in which the hypertrophy of myocardium is localized to the left ventricular apex. Symptoms of AHCM might vary from none to others mimic coronary artery disease including acute coronary syndrome, thus resulting in inappropriate hospitalization. Transthoracic echocardiography is the firstline imaging technique for the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathies. However, when the hypertrophy of the myocardium is localized in the ventricular apex might results in missed diagnosis. Aim of this paper is to review the different imaging techniques used for the diagnosis of AHCM and their role in the detection and comprehension of this uncommon disease.

Speckle tracking echocardiography to assess regional ventricular function in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

AIM To explore regional systolic strain of midwall and endocardial segments using speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM).METHODS We prospectively assessed 20 patients(mean age 53 ± 16 years,range:18-81 years,10 were male),with apical HCM. We measured global longitudinal peak systolic strain(GLPSS) in the midwall and endocardium of the left ventricle. RESULTS The diastolic thickness of the 4 apical segments was 16.25 ± 2.75 mm. All patients had a normal global systolicfunction with a fractional shortening of 50% ± 8%. In spite of supernormal left ventricular(LV) systolic function,midwall GLPSS was decreased in all patients,more in the apical(-7.3% ±-8.8%) than in basal segments(-15.5% ±-6.93%),while endocardial GLPPS was significantly greater and reached normal values(apical:-22.8% ±-7.8%,basal:-17.9% ±-7.5%). CONCLUSION This study shows that two-dimensional strain was decreased mainly confined to the mesocardium,while endocardium myocardial deformation was preserved in HCM and allowed to identify subclinical LV dysfunction. This transmural heterogeneity in systolic strain had not been previously described in HCM and could be explained by the distribution of myofibrillar disarray in deep myocardial areas. The clinical application of this novel finding may help further understanding of the pathophysiology of HCM.

Initial clinical presentation of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with-a focus on electrocardiographic changes: A literature review of cases

AIM: To review the initial presentation and demonstrate the importance of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. METHODS: A PubMed search using the terms "Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC)" and "apical ballooning syndrome" yield 211 publications. Only those that were relevant were fully reviewed. The gender, age, precipitating stressor, main complaint at presentation, electrocardiogram (ECG) at admission and serum cardiac markers of patients diagnosed with TC, were extracted as available. The data were organized in tables and graphics, and the incidence of the disorder was calculated and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 250 clinical cases were examined. The predominant gender that was affected was female, with a prevalence of 87.5%. The mean age of presentation was 64±14 years. The cases were divided by age into 10-year intervals. The age interval of 60-69 years showed the highest frequency of TC, accounting for 79 cases. The most common precipitating stressor was physical (50% of cases). Chest pain wasthe primary complaint at presentation (58.8% of cases) followed by dyspnea (30% of cases). The ST segment changes category was the most common (60%), followed by T wave changes (39.6%). Of the 60% of cases with ST segment changes, 12% had concomitant T wave changes. This means that for 27.6% of the cases, the primary abnormality in the ECG was T wave changes; 87.6% of cases with TC had a change in the ST segment, in the T wave or in both. The percentage of ECGs presenting with changes in the anterior wall was 54.4% (35.6% of ST segment elevation +1.6% of ST segment depression +17.2% of T wave inversion). The percentage of patients presenting with changes in the lateral segment of the heart was 46.8%, while the percentage of patients with changes in the inferior heart was 21.6% and the percentage of patients with changes in the apical region was only 16%. The prevalence of elevated creatinine kinase and/or troponin on initial presentation was 89.3%. CONCLUSION: It is essential that every physician consider Takotsubo cardiomyopathy as a possible differential diagnosis when a patient is classified with acute coronary syndrome. To do so, it is necessary to know the clinical presentation of this syndrome in its early stages.