Recent advances in network pharmacology applications in Chinese herbal medicine

Network pharmacology is a new discipline based on the theory of systems biology and network analysis of biological systems to design the drugs.It comprehensively observes the intervention and influence of drugs on the disease network,and reveals the mystery of multi-molecular drugs synergistically acting on disease.These concepts reflect the ideas of multi-component,multi-target and system regulation,and have many similarities with the research ideas of traditional Chinese medicine,which focuses on syndrome differentiation and treatment,emphasizes the overall understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis.Network pharmacology can be used to predict and identify the target and active component of traditional herbal medicine,to clarify the mechanism of action,to scientifically explain the rules of the prescription,to explore the rules of real-world prescription,to discover new indications and new active compounds,and to study drug relocation,etc.The applications of network pharmacology in traditional herbal medicine were systematically summarized to demonstrate the significant value in these areas.

Research Progress of Chinese Herbal Medicine Additives in Layer Breeding

Chinese herbal medicine have dual effects of medicinal value and nutrition regulation. In recent years, antibiotics have been widely forbidden in live- stock production, which are inevitably replaced by natural Chinese herbal medicine in livestock breeding. A brief summary of current research progress of Chinese herbal medicine in layer breeding is given in the paper.

Research Status of Serum Pharmacology and Serum Pharmacochemistry of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Serum pharmacochemistry of traditional Chinese medicine has become a more accurate and rapidly developing reasonable way to analyze the effective material basis of traditional Chinese medicine in recent years. Through this method, we can select very complex Chinese medicine components and clarify the effective substances consistent with the main functions, and then separate and purify effective ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine, so as to explain the material basis of the drug effect and prove the rationality and principle of action of Chinese medicine compounds. It can show the multi-component and multi-target characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine, and after analyzing the migrating components of serum, we can explore the direct effective substances that act on the patient’s body, so as to accelerate and accurately complete the in-depth study of the effective substances of Chinese medicine.

Consensus statement on research and application of Chinese herbal medicine derived extracellular vesicles-like particles(2023 edition)

To promote the development of extracellular vesicles of herbal medicine especially the establishment of standardization,led by the National Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles,research experts in the field of herbal medicine and extracellular vesicles were invited nationwide with the support of the Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles,Professional Committee on Extracellular Vesicle Research and Application,Chinese Society of Research Hospitals and the Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles.Based on the collation of relevant literature,we have adopted the Delphi method,the consensus meeting method combined with the nominal group method to form a discussion draft of“Consensus statement on research and application of Chinese herbal medicine derived extracellular vesicles-like particles(2023)”.The first draft was discussed in online and offline meetings on October 12,14,November 2,2022 and April and May 2023 on the current status of research,nomenclature,isolation methods,quality standards and research applications of extracellular vesicles of Chinese herbal medicines,and 13 consensus opinions were finally formed.At the Third Academic Conference on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles,held on May 26,2023,Kewei Zhao,convenor of the consensus,presented and read the consensus to the experts of the Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles.The consensus highlights the characteristics and advantages of Chinese medicine,inherits the essence,and keeps the righteousness and innovation,aiming to provide a reference for colleagues engaged in research and application of Chinese herbal vesicles at home and abroad,decode the mystery behind Chinese herbal vesicles together,establish a safe,effective and controllable accurate Chinese herbal vesicle prevention and treatment system,and build a bridge for Chinese medicine to the world.

Research on Frequency of Application with Modern Chinese Herbal Medicine

Objective：To study the relationship between 500 kinds of commonly used Chinese herbal medicine and the classification of their efficacies in Chinese Materia Medica in relation to the common diseases listed in Internal Medicine.Methods：Database retrieval frequency of the quantitative statistical method was adopted.First,the 8 980 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine recorded in Chinese Materia Medica were used as the original search objects,and 4 493 kinds which were cited in more than five articles were picked out and then rechecked for further title citations.Second,as judged based on the Criterion,the numbers of articles which included the medicines in the line of standards were examined.As a result,500 species of Chinese herbal medicine were singled out based on their retrieval frequency and were then used for compilation of the classification statistics according to their efficacy and the common diseases in Internal Medicine.Results：From the classification of Chinese medicines,herbs with wide efficiency and a meek nature had higher frequencies, but those which were not appropriate as decoctions had relatively lower frequencies.However,according to the average frequency,the Chinese herbal medicine for nourishing qi and tonifying blood,at 36 346 times and 34 544 times,respectively,were the most commonly used.Analyzed from the frequency of application of the Chinese medicine in the treatment of common diseases,most of the top 10 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine with the highest frequencies generally coincided with the 500 selected medicines.In addition,the Chinese medicines with clear pharmacological efficiency were easily isolated and purified to be made into injections, although other forms are more commonly used.Conclusion：The results of the research objectively reflected the current applications of Chinese herbal medicine,and could be used as references in teaching,research,clinical applications,and in compiling and increasing the drugs in textbooks and Pharmacopoeia.

自拟穴位贴敷配合中药热奄包对良性肛肠病术后便秘患者的治疗效果及安全性分析

目的:分析自拟穴位贴敷配合中药热奄包对良性肛肠病术后便秘患者的治疗效果及安全性。方法:选取2023年1月~2023年10月上海市宝山区罗店医院收治的120例混合痔和肛瘘术后便秘患者作为研究对象,根据不同的治疗方案分为对照组(n=60)与观察组(n=60)。对照组给予常规西药口服治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上,给予自拟穴位贴敷配合中药热奄包进行辅助治疗,均治疗14d。比较两组的治疗效果;比较两组治疗前、治疗1d、治疗7d以及治疗14d的便秘评分量表(CCS)、便秘患者生存质量量表(PAC-QOL)评分;比较两组不良反应发生率。结果:观察组的治疗有效率优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗1d的CCS、PAC-QOL评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组治疗7d以及治疗14d的CCS、PAC-QOL均优于治疗前,且观察组均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后的不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:自拟穴位贴敷配合中药热奄包能够改善良性肛肠病术后便秘患者的临床症状,提高患者的生活质量,且安全性良好。

古今蜚蠊的药性、功效与临床应用考证

蜚蠊又名蟑螂,作为传统“四害”之一,鲜有报道总结其作为传统中药的药性、功效与临床配伍应用。以美洲大蠊为代表的蜚蠊科昆虫药用历史悠久,在多种疾病治疗方面展现出良好的药效作用,但其他蜚蠊昆虫如澳洲大蠊、东方蜚蠊没有得到足够的重视及开发、应用。为了深入开发应用蜚蠊科昆虫类药物,首先需要了解其作为药物是否有效,故通过查阅大量本草和医药典籍,从药性、功效、临床应用三方面进行了考证,以挖掘有害昆虫的药用价值,为人类健康服务。

经典名方香苏散的古今应用分析与关键信息考证

经典名方香苏散收录于《古代经典名方目录(第二批)》中,由香附、紫苏叶、甘草、陈皮4味药组成,用于治疗感冒、瘟疫、腹痛、头痛、风湿脚痛、妊娠伤寒等,现代临床多用于治疗消化系统、呼吸系统及神经系统疾病。本研究共搜集相关古籍文献36条,涉及古籍32部,将所得文献数据进行统计、分析和处理,并结合现代研究文献,对香苏散的源流以及药物组成、基原、炮制方法、煎煮服法及临床应用等方面进行考证分析,为香苏散的进一步研究与开发提供依据。

直肠癌放化疗后反复肠梗阻1例分析

目前,中医外治法已被广泛应用于肠梗阻的治疗中,且安全有效。本研究报道1例直肠癌放化疗后反复肠梗阻案例(在西医常规治疗基础上配合实施中医外治法后,患者病情明显改善,顺利出院),以期为该病的诊治提供借鉴思路。

中药灌肠联合塌渍法对慢性肾衰瘙痒指数、肾功能指标的影响

目的 探讨中药灌肠联合中药塌渍法在慢性肾衰竭(CKD3 ~5期)、皮肤瘙痒(血虚风湿瘀毒证)的临床有效性及安全性。方法 本研究采用多中心、随机对照原则,共纳入病例90例,疗程4周。根据随机表法分为对照组和试验组,各45例。对照组维持西医基础治疗,试验组为西医基础治疗加中药灌肠联合中药塌渍法治疗。观察2组治疗前后皮肤瘙痒情况、肾功能、睡眠质量,以及血常规、谷丙转氨酶、钙磷、甲状旁腺激素等指标,评估临床疗效和安全性。结果 试验组总有效率为88.8%。对照组总有效率为44.4%。治疗后试验组血红蛋白、血肌酐、尿素氮、β2微球蛋白、血磷指标改善明显。2组未出现血小板、谷丙转氨酶、血钙等安全性指标异常。结论 中药灌肠联合中药塌渍法治疗慢性肾衰竭患者皮肤瘙痒的治疗方法有效,安全性好,能有效改善患者皮肤瘙痒及肾功能。

基于CiteSpace探讨中药穴位贴敷对腹部术后胃肠功能恢复的临床研究现状和发展趋势

目的基于CiteSpace探讨中药穴位贴敷对腹部术后胃肠功能恢复的临床研究现状并预测其未来发展趋势。方法检索中国知网、万方、维普数据库中关于中药穴位贴敷对腹部术后胃肠功能恢复的临床研究相关文献,检索时间为2012年1月1日至2022年12月31日。采用文献计量学和CiteSpace 5.8.R1软件对文献的作者、研究机构以及关键词等信息进行可视化展示。结果经过筛选,共纳入157篇符合标准的中文文献。作者合作网络分析显示,潘佩光为中药穴位贴敷对腹部术后胃肠功能恢复的临床研究领域发文量最多的作者,但未能形成稳定的核心研究团队及机构,且缺少桥梁性机构;关键词分析显示,中药穴位贴敷对腹部术后胃肠功能恢复的临床研究内容主要集中在症状指征类、中医治疗方法和中药制剂、疾病类别、手术类型等相关领域;中药穴位贴敷与其他中医外治法联合使用,在预防及治疗术后并发症和危重疑难症状方面成为当前的研究热点。预计未来该研究领域将进一步关注中药穴位贴敷在增强腹部术后胃肠功能恢复的机制解析、标准化治疗流程的建立以及长期效果跟踪评价等方面。结论中药穴位敷贴在促进腹部术后胃肠功能恢复研究领域具有一定的发展潜力。为了推动该领域的研究进展,建议加强跨学科研究团队之间的协作,以促进知识的交流和资源的共享。此外,有必要鼓励开展高质量的临床试验和基础实验,以进一步明确中药穴位敷贴在腹部术后康复中的作用机制和优化治疗方案。

经典名方芍药汤的古今文献分析及关键信息考证

芍药汤来源于金代刘完素《素问病机气宜保命集》,被收录于国家中医药管理局公布的《古代经典名方目录(第二批)——汉族医药》,由芍药(白芍)、当归、黄连、槟榔、木香、甘草、大黄、黄芩、官桂(肉桂)9味中药组成。研究运用文献计量学方法,从历史源流、处方组成与剂量、药物基原与炮制、煎服法、功效主治、现代临床应用等方面对经典名方芍药汤进行考证与分析。经筛选,研究纳入明确记载芍药汤药物组成的古籍处方信息51条(其中38条有完整剂量和煎服法信息),纳入以芍药汤治疗疾病的现代临床研究228条。经梳理与分析,建议芍药汤折算后的现代剂量为每剂20.65 g,其中白芍5.82 g,当归、黄连、黄芩各2.91 g,大黄1.75 g,槟榔、木香、甘草各1.16 g,肉桂0.87 g,粉碎为粗粒,以水600 mL煎煮至300 mL,去药渣,饭后温服,每日3剂。芍药汤功善清热利湿、调气和血,是治疗湿热痢疾的经典中药处方。现代临床常被用于治疗溃疡性结肠炎、细菌性痢疾、放射性直肠损伤等肠道疾病。

中草药对水产动物非特异性免疫作用的研究进展

养殖环境的恶化与病害的频繁发生,对水产养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失。传统的水产疾病防治方法主要以抗生素药物为主,滥用抗生素易造成环境残留并引发细菌抗药性。开发绿色安全的中草药备受水产业关注,相关研究也日趋增多。中草药中富含的活性成分可作用于水产动物机体的多道免疫防线,主要应用于作为饲料添加剂预防水产病害及作为药物治疗疾病等。随着相关研究和应用的不断拓展,更着眼于多种有效成分的协同作用、药物靶点的深入发掘以及中草药使用的最佳剂量等,同时运用分子生物学手段探明中草药有效成分对水生动物机体的免疫调控机制与相关通路。本文综述了中草药对水生动物非特异性免疫的促进作用以及相关应用研究进展,以期拓宽中草药在水产养殖业的研究与应用思路。

发酵中草药的特性及其在动物生产中的应用研究进展

发酵中草药兼具中草药的药理学作用和益生菌的益生功能。在发酵过程中,中草药能为微生物提供营养物质,促进其生长;而微生物产生的酶和代谢产物能促进中草药有效成分的释放,降低衍生物制剂的毒性,同时也可以合成新的活性成分,增加药效。发酵过程还可以使活性大分子或聚合物分解为小分子,便于跨膜运输,有助于机体对活性成分的吸收。此外,发酵中草药中的一些微生物能抑制病原菌繁殖,与中草药发挥协同作用,共同对抗病原体。“减抗”“替抗”背景下,发酵中草药作为一类绿色饲料添加剂,在动物养殖中具有较大的应用价值和前景。对发酵中草药的特性及其在动物生产中的应用研究进展进行综述,以期为发酵中草药饲料添加剂的进一步开发及应用提供参考。

基于数据挖掘探讨中药熏洗坐浴治疗肛门病术后肛门水肿的用药规律

目的基于数据挖掘分析中药熏洗坐浴治疗肛门病术后肛门水肿的用药规律。方法分别检索中国知网、万方、维普数据库自建库以来至2022年5月有关中药熏洗、坐浴治疗肛门病术后肛门水肿的文献,将中药处方输入录入Microsoft Excel数据库,进一步筛选后进行药物频数和用药频率统计,以及关联规则、系统聚类、和药物因子分析。结果共纳入处方252首,涉及药物152味,筛选出高频药物35味;用药频次较高的为苦参、黄柏、芒硝;药物功效以清热燥湿、活血化瘀为主;药性以寒、温、微寒为主;药味以苦、辛、甘为主;归经则以肝、心、胃经为主;归纳出关联规则分析出药物组合22条;系统聚类分析得出核心聚类群5个。结论肛门病术后水肿的中医治疗以清热利湿、活血化瘀为基本治则,随证佐以补虚、止血药。

改良中药硬膏热贴敷联合BTA治疗中风后肩痛患者的临床疗效及对其神经功能的影响

目的 探究改良中药硬膏热贴敷配合A型肉毒毒素(Botulinum toxin A,BTA)治疗中风后肩痛(Hemiplegic shoulder pain, HSP)患者的临床疗效。方法 选取2021年1月—2022年9月期间衡水市中医医院脑病门诊就诊及住院的中风后肩痛患者200例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各100例。对照组给予A型肉毒毒素治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予改良中药硬膏热贴敷配合A型肉毒毒素治疗。持续治疗8周。观察比较两组患者临床疗效,治疗前后炎性因子[血清白细胞介素1β(Interleukin-1β,IL-1β)及一氧化氮(Nitric oxide, NO)]水平、扩展Barthel指数(Extended barthel index, EBI)量表评分、上肢简化Fugl-Meyer法(Fugl-Meyer assessment, FMA)评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分法(Visual analogue scale, VAS)评分、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(The national institutes of health stroke scale, NIHSS)评分、肩关节活动度评分。结果 治疗后观察组总有效率94.00%(94/100)高于对照组81.00%(81/100),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者炎症因子IL-1β、NO水平较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者EBI、FMA评分较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者VAS、NIHSS评分较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者肩关节外展、外旋、屈曲活动度评分较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 改良中药硬膏热贴敷配合BTA治疗能够改善中风后肩痛患者的上肢神经功能、肩关节活动度以及日常生活能力,缓解其疼痛,治疗效果显著优于单独BTA治疗。

基于《上海市中药饮片炮制规范》(2018年版)花类中药的特点及临床应用分析

目的:分析《上海市中药饮片炮制规范》(2018年版)(以下简称《炮规》)中花类中药的特点及临床应用情况,为花类中药的研究应用提供数据参考。方法:统计《炮规》收录的花类中药信息,包括来源科属、入药部位、习用名、性味归经、用法用量、处方应付、注意事项等,并分析其功效和现代应用等内容。结果:《炮规》共收录花类中药56种,包括54种常用品种及2种少用品种,占其收录973种中药饮片的5.76%。入药部位以花(33.93%)、花蕾(25.00%)、花序(19.64%)三者居多。药性以平(29.09%)、温(29.09%)为主,药味以甘(41.77%)为主,归经以肝(27.72%)、肺(19.80%)为主。功效以清热药(23.21%)占比最高,其次为止血药(17.86%)和理气药(12.50%)。花类中药多数入汤剂,常规用量在9g以内。结论:花类中药具有较高的药用价值,通过对《炮规》中所收录的花类中药进行详细的统计分析,可为后续花类中药的发展与应用提供数据支持。

零陵香本草考证、化学成分、药理作用及其应用的研究进展

零陵香是我国传统中草药,来源于报春花科植物灵香草的带根全草,其主要化学成分包括挥发油、黄酮类、皂苷类、甾醇类、香豆素等,具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抑菌等药理作用。近现代临床上多以复方制剂形式出现,具有较高的药用价值及经济效益。从本草考证、化学成分、药理作用及现代开发与应用等方面对零陵香展开综述,为其进一步资源利用提供参考。

子午流注择时穴位贴敷联合中药热奄包改善1例胸椎压缩性骨折术后患者便秘的护理体会

本文总结子午流注择时穴位贴敷联合中药热奄包改善1例胸椎压缩性骨折术后患者便秘的护理体会。护理人员积极开展护理评估,明确护理要点,根据患者疼痛、便秘、焦虑、潜在并发症等主要问题进行护理干预,并配合穴位贴敷、中药热奄包热敷等中医护理适宜技术,改善患者便秘症状,减轻疼痛,促进其早期康复。