Current application situation of gastrointestinal endoscopy in China

AIM:To study the current application situation of gastrointestinal(GI) endoscopy in China's Mainland.METHODS:From 12 August,2011 to 15 February,2012,draft questionnaires were sent by e-mail to 289 hospital-based GI endoscopy units,including units with three levels(provincial,prefecture and county level) in China's Mainland.All the surveyed GI endoscopy units were state-owned and hospital-based.Proportions were compared using χ 2 tests.Comparisons between groups were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test.A probability of P < 0.05 was considered to represent a statistically significant difference.RESULTS:Based on satisfactory replies,169/279(60.6%) of units were enrolled in the survey,which covered 28 provinces(90.3%,28/31) in China's Mainland.Compared with published survey data,the number of GI endoscopes per unit has increased by nearly three times(from 2.9 to 9.3) in the past decade.About 33 of 169(19.5%) endoscopy units possessed an X-ray machine,which was mainly owned by provincial endoscopy units(43.2%,19/44).Video capsule endoscopes,which were almost unavailable ten years ago,were owned by 20.7%(35/169) of GI endoscopy units.Endoscopic submucosal dissection could be performed by 36.4%(19/44) of the provincial units,which was significantly higher than the prefecture level(9.9%,P < 0.01) and county level(0.0%,P < 0.01) units,respectively.CONCLUSION:Rapid development in GI endoscopy has been made in China's Mainland,and major diagnostic endoscopes and therapeutic endoscopy procedures are predominantly used in large endoscopy units.

Current Situation and Countermeasures of Household Waste Classification in Feixi County, Hefei City

Feixi County has made significant progress in promoting waste classification,such as establishing a comprehensive classification system,and effectively reducing environmental pollution and waste volume.However,with the increase in waste generation,the county faces multiple challenges especially in the disposal of kitchen waste and improvement of residents environmental awareness.To address these issues,Feixi County has implemented various measures,such as strengthening the construction of infrastructure for waste classification,improving regulations and clearly defining responsibilities,enhancing residents environmental awareness to encourage their participation in waste classification through education and promotion,and increasing supervision to ensure effective implementation of the work.It emphasizes community governance,encourage all parties to participate in it,and strengthen publicity,education and training to enhance residents participation.Feixi County has achieved positive results,but efforts are needed to further improve facilities,raise awareness,enhance supervision,and ensure the continuous effectiveness of waste classification work to promote urban green sustainable development.

Current Situation and Countermeasures of the Construction of “Double-Qualified” Teachers in Higher Vocational Colleges

The construction of“double-qualified”teachers is the basic premise for the high-quality development of higher vocational education,and it is also the key force for higher vocational colleges to cultivate high-quality skilled talents.This paper probes into the positioning of the construction of“double-qualified”teachers in higher vocational colleges,deeply analyzes the current situation of the construction of“double-qualified”teachers in higher vocational colleges,and provides the countermeasures of the construction of“double-qualified”teachers.

Research on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Ideological and Political Teaching in Universities

With the rapid development of modern science and technology,artificial intelligence(AI)technology is becoming more and more mature,which has brought a profound impact on every field of human society.The new era background provides a new teaching concept for ideological and political teaching in colleges and universities.Teachers in colleges and universities should adopt a positive attitude to face the teaching change brought by new technology,update the teaching ideas in time,and adjust the teaching strategy.This paper will analyze the current situation of the integrated development of AI and ideological and political teaching and put forward corresponding teaching strategies to help train well-developed socialist successors.

Analysis of the Current Situation of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions in Shaanxi Province

To understand the current situation of institutional registration in Shaanxi Province after the implementation ofregistration system management in drug clinical trial institutions.Relevant information was collected on the“Announcement on the Accreditation of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions”issued by the National Medical Products Administration from 2005 to August 2022,the record management information system of drug and medical device clinical trial institutions,and the drug clinical trial registration and information publicity platform.A retrospective analysis was carried out in terms of institutional development,regional distribution,registered majors,principal investigators,and the number of drug clinical trials.After the implementation of institution registration,the number of drug clinical trial institutions in Shaanxi Province increased by 47.4%,884 principal investigators were registered,the number of registered majors expanded from 58 qualified to 117,and the professional scope increased by 50.4%.The policy of institution registration is conducive to promoting the rational use of medical resources and the development of drug clinical trial institutions and improving the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry in Shaanxi Province.

Research on the Current Situation of China’s Higher Education Students Studying Abroad in the Context of Higher Education Internationalization

In the context of education internationalization,the internationalization of higher education has become a major trend in the field of education in most countries,with international student education as the core.This phenomenon promotes cultural exchanges and integration among countries as well as higher education reform,which is of great significance in enhancing the international influence of higher education in each country.However,there are also some challenges faced by higher education students when studying abroad.The article digs into the origin and history of studying abroad,analyzes the current situation and reasons for higher education students in China to study abroad,discusses the opportunities and challenges faced by higher education students in China when studying abroad,and analyzes the trend of studying abroad in China.

Current Situation and Development Countermeasures on Grassland Resource in Farming-pasturing Ecotone in West Jilin Province

Upon the current degradation situation of grassland in west Jilin Province,I analyzed the effects of natural factors and human activities on the degradation of grassland,and further purposefully put forward countermeasures on the remediation and development of grassland.As a conclusion,scientifically utilizing and protecting the grassland resources could suppress grassland degradation,promoting the sustainable development of regional economy.

Current Situation and Development Countermeasures of Alpaca Breeding

This paper briefly introduces the biological characteristics and value of alpaca breeding,reviews the development of alpaca breeding,describes the global distribution of alpaca and the current situation of alpaca breeding in the introduction of well-bred,indicates the technology of feeding,managing and deep processing.And finally some countermeasures for future development of alpaca breeding in China are put forward.

Analyses on the Current Situation of the Vocabulary Teaching and Learning in College English

Through the analyses on the current situation of the vocabulary teaching and learning of College English,the necessity for improvement of vocabulary teaching is explained for exploring an effective way of the vocabulary teaching and learning with the aid of modern technology.

The Application of the Situational Teaching in English Class of Elementary School

With the rapid and deep development of economic globalization and international exchanges, English as an international common language has been widely used. The importance of English-learning has become more and more obvious, and the elementary school English as English-learning Enlightenment has increasingly become the focus of our attention. At the same time, along with the further implementation of quality-oriented education and the new curriculum standard, stimulate students' interest in relaxed learning, enhance practical ability and innovative spirit has become the goal of primary school education. This paper discuss the application of situational teaching in English class of elementary school on the basis of analysis about concept of new curriculum of primary school English and present situation of English Teaching in primary school.

Research on Current Situation,Symptoms and Protection Technological Measures of Ancient Trees in Surging Waves Pavilion,China

The paper had studied growth situation and disease symptoms of ancient trees in Surging Waves Pavilion.There were 14 ancient trees belonging to 10 genera of 9 families,with tree age of 120-260 years.These trees had been well protected generally.There were 9 ancient trees growing well,occupying 64.29%,which were Ginkgo biloba,Cupressus funebris Endl.,Podocarpus macrophyllus,Zelkova schneideriana Hand.-Mazz,Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Presl,Buxus sinica,and Wisteria sinensis(Sims)Sweet.There were 5 ancient trees needing to be protected preferentially,occupying 35.71%,including Ligustrum lucidum,Osmanthus fragrans and Pterocarya stenoptera.The disease symptoms were trunk rot and hollow structure.Based on these symptoms,the paper had proposed protective measures for Ligustrum lucidum and Osmanthus fragrans:① enclosing eroding holes on the trunk;② clearing up eroded woodiness on the surface of trunk,disinfecting and applying anti-corrosion protectants;③ filling eroded holes of the trunk.Protective measures for Pterocarya stenoptera included:① clearing up the inner part and interior walls;② disinfecting the inside and interior walls of holes;③ applying anti-corrosion protectants.

Current situation and trend of marine data buoy and monitoring network technology of China

Marine data buoy can provide a long-term, continuous, real-time, reliable data of ocean observation in a variety of complex marine environment. It is one of the most reliable, most effective and important means of ocean monitoring technology. In this paper, the classification, main theory and technology system of marine data buoy are summarized. The typical technological breakthrough of the development of marine data buoy in recent years is summarized. The composition and application of marine monitoring network in China was introduced, and the gap between the technology of China＇s marine data buoy and the international advanced countries is compared.Combined on the situation and demand of China＇s current situation and needs, the development trend of marine data buoy and buoy monitoring network are expected.

Current Situations and Countermeasures of Organic Tobacco Development

Current situations of organic tobacco development at both home and abroad,indicating that organic tobacco is one of the innovation directions for sustainable,healthy,environmental protection and low carbon development of modern tobacco industry.On the basis of foreign cultivation technical system for organic agriculture,the cultivation technical system for organic tobacco is summed up as follows:first,keep the diversity and continuity of space and time;second,ensure closeness of nutrient cycle;third,improve self-regulatory system and protection ability of crops.Then,the development trend of organic tobacco is analyzed and corresponding measures are put forward:establish production base and assessment system for organic tobacco;establish technical system for production of organic tobacco;establish and perfect evaluation system for management,production and supervision of organic tobacco;strengthen popularization of production and concept of organic tobacco;improve management of organic tobacco purchase,industry commerce handover,and redrying.

Development，Application，Markets，and Patent Situation of Magnetostrictive TERFENOL－D

The development of the giant magnetostrictive rare earth-iron materials is reported from their discovery in the early 1970's to their present use in transducer and sensor applications. Fifteen broad market areas, ranging from miniature devices in the medical industry to high powder sonar and seismic sources have been identified. A world-wide customer base in these high technology fields has been established and the superior properties of these materials are responsible for the rapid growth of the magnetostrictive transducer industries. The critical design criteria that lead to efficient devices are reported and the performance of several of these products is presented. The key patents associated with these giant magnetostrictive materials and devices using these materials are reviewed. The present and future of these technologies in reference to commercialization, market growth and the impact on the many transduction industries are discussed. (Author abstract) 9 Refs.

Current Situation and Development Recommendations for Betel Nut Processing in Hainan Province

Hainan's betel nut processing industry continues to develop,and the yield has reached 231000 t. There are some problems in betel nut industry such as unreasonable initial processing layout,processing capacity surplus,and deep processing industry lag. It is suggested that we should guide the initial processing layout of betel nut according to local conditions,and carry out overall deep processing planning of betel nut; support betel nut deep processing plant in the main producing areas,establish betel nut initial processing and deep processing serial production line,and develop new betel nut product; build betel nut production,processing,transport and marketing information database and market information early warning mechanism,and improve betel nut processing information service platform to timely provide information services and continuously develop betel nut industry.

Current Situation of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. Production in Yinzhou District of Ningbo City

Yinzhou District of Ningbo City is the home and main production area of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. Based on the analysis of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. production in Yinzhou District in 2015,this paper firstly introduced current situation of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. planting. The competition of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. products was in disorder,the market price in 2015 dropped to half in 2014,and many Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. growers suffered losses. To keep sustainable development of traditional Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. industry in old production areas and maintain brand and name of genuine materials of " Zhejiang 8 Famous Kinds Herbal Medicines",it is required to actively reduce the inventory,make up short board,strengthen advantages,implement the reform of supply font,keep up with the times and market,and succeed through improving the quality.

Current Situation,Symptoms and Protective Techniques of Ancient Trees in the Master-of-Nets Garden

Growth conditions,symptoms of ancient trees in the Master-of-Nets Garden were investigated,it was found that there were 6 ancient trees about 120-920 years old in this garden,belonging to 5 genera and 5 families.Generally speaking,ancient trees in this garden grow well due to the proper protection,and 3 of them need only regular management,specifically,Pinus bungeana Zucc.,Podocarpus macrophyllus(Thunb.)D.Don,Wisteria sinensis Sweet in south yard of Dianchun Yi(the Peony Study),while another three need key protection,specifically,Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne,Sabina chinensis(Linn.)Ant.,W.sinensis Sweet,2 of which need corrosion prevention and filling protection,and another one needs comprehensive techniques for the rejuvenation of tree vigor.In view of symptoms of these 3 trees requiring key protection,corresponding techniques were proposed as below:3 steps for protecting C.sinensis Koehne(A.clearing and sterilizing tree holes,painting anti-corrosion protective agent;B.filling holes;C.sealing holes);3 steps for protecting W.sinensis Sweet(A.clearing up rotten xylem;B.anti-corrosion and sterilization processing for trunk;C.painting anti-corrosion agent);4 steps for S.chinensis(Linn.)Ant.(A.clearing climbing plants around it;B.clearing rotten xylem;C.filling holes;D.improving rhizosphere and rejuvenation of the tree).

Analysis of Current Situation and Countermeasures of Plant Landscapes on Tianjin Urban Squares of China

Through the survey of plant landscapes on eight representative squares in Tianjin City,the paper had pointed out that plant landscapes on Tianjin squares were improper in terms of plants richness,cultivation layer and color change.It had suggested selecting regional characteristic tree species,applying salt-tolerant plants,emphasizing the diversity of plants species,highlighting the application of towering arbors,stressing the use of color-leaved plants,and creating abundant plant communities,so as to provide citizens with a more practical and ornamental square landscape environment through improving plant landscapes on squares in Tianjin City.

Current Situation of Houseplant Decoration in Suzhou City

On the basis of investigation of status of houseplant decoration in modern commercial space,banks,hospitals,hotel hall,dining space,library and office in Suzhou City,the paper analyzed its characters,pointed out their shortcomings and put forward reasonable suggestions.

Gut microbiome and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease:Current status and potential applications

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide.In recent years,the occurrence rate of MAFLD has been on the rise,mainly due to lifestyle changes,high-calorie diets,and imbalanced dietary structures,thereby posing a threat to human health and creating heavy social and economic burdens.With the development of 16S sequencing and integrated multi-omics analysis,the role of the gut microbiota(GM)and its metabolites in MAFLD has been further recognized.The GM plays a role in digestion,energy metabolism,vitamin synthesis,the prevention of pathogenic bacteria colonisation,and immunoregulation.The gut-liver axis is one of the vital links between the GM and the liver.Toxic substances in the intestine can enter the liver through the portal vascular system when the intestinal barrier is severely damaged.The liver also influences the GM in various ways,such as bile acid circulation.The gut-liver axis is essential in maintaining the body’s normal physiological state and plays a role in the onset and prognosis of many diseases,including MAFLD.This article reviews the status of the GM and MAFLD and summarizes the GM characteristics in MAFLD.The relationship between the GM and MAFLD is discussed in terms of bile acid circulation,energy metabolism,micronutrients,and signalling pathways.Current MAFLD treat ments targeting the GM are also listed.