Addressing ore formation and exploration

Common base and noble metals represent an important economic factor in the actual industrial development.For instance the world resources for copper are actually estimated for about the next 30 years only.The situation requires rethinking the way major ore deposits form,leading to new guides for exploration.The present paper briefly examines the processes leading to ore formation,in relation with granitic or granodioritic intrusions.It identifies the importance of metal enrichment during the magmatic stage.Within the magma chamber that forms porphyry intrusions,metals may incorporate to first formed crystals,becoming inert;concentrate into the residual melt of a mush;or segregate by diffusion into the exsolved magmatic volatile phase(MVP)into which they are transported and precipitated.A competition results between elements partitioning and diffusivity.Hence,a specific Peclet number for each metal(Cu,Au,Ag,Mo,W,Sn,and REE)controls the ratio between the diffusive and the advective flux.Metals diffusivity in the melt shows differential behavior relative to a threshold of about10 13 m2/s.Metals with slower diffusivity values(e.g.As)will not concentrate.Conversely,fast diffusive metals(Au,Ag,Cu)may rapidly incorporate the MVP,provided an adequate component(halogens or S)is attractive for metals.The chemistry of the MVP escaping the magma induces different alteration patterns.Their relative content in F,Cl or S,attested by the composition of biotites and apatites,links with the preferential content of metals in o re deposits,representing a valuable tool for exploration.Finally the model is replaced in a set of coupled mechanical-chemical instabilities,within a three phase material.

A Novel Approach in Hydrogeochemical Exploration for Uranium Mineralization:an Example from West Central Sinai,Egypt

Groundwater in contact with ore deposits may acquire a chemical composition that could be used as a guide for exploration. Eight well-water samples are collected from a known uraniummineralized area near Abu Zenima, west central Sinai to examine the applicability of using the hydrogeochemical technique in the search for uranium mineralization in similar arid areas. The analytical chemical data of the ground water is compared with ground radiometric measurements. The obtained results indicate that groundwater affected by uranium mineralization has a specific relativity of major anions expressed essentially as SO_4〉Cl〉HCO_3 and to a lesser extent as Cl〉SO_4〉HCO_3, associated as a rule with low magnesium content. This association constitutes a signature of uranium mineralization on the composition of groundwater in west central Sinai and could be used as an important exploration guide in the search for uranium deposits in similar areas. Anomalies in Ni, Fe, Zn and Cr and other pathfinder elements in groundwater can furnish geochemical guides to uranium ores. The immobile trace element anomalies, including Zn, Ni and Fe are strongly distributed near the orebody; whereas the relatively mobile trace elements, including Co, U, V and Cr, constitute the dispersion haloes away from the orebody. A new hydrogeochemical discrimination diagram is constructed to be used as a quick and cost effective exploration tool in the search for uranium occurrences in environmentally similar arid areas. Based on the obtained results, a new site for uranium occurrence, west of W. Baba, is delineated and recommended for future detailed geological and geochemical surveying.

Application of the Gravity Method to the Iron Ore Exploration in Eastern Hebei Province

The nation-wide iron ore exploration is primarily based on aeromagnetic survey,based upon which a series of ground follow-up and drilling examination were carried out,and then reconnaissance and detailed investigation and exploration were fulfilled.However,for some large.

Application of Tectono Geochemical Study in Deep Concealed Ore Body Exploration--As the Huize Super-Large Lead-Zinc Deposit an exemple

1 Geological Background of Minerlization or Geologic Setting The northeast of Yunnan1 Pb-Zn-Ag-Ge polymetallic ore district is an important part of the southwestern margin of the Yangtze block Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou

Imaging the Architecture of Mineral Systems and the Pathways of Ore-forming Fluids across Mongolia with Magnetotellurics

In the framework of a mineral system approach,a combination of components is required to develop a mineral system.This includes the whole-lithosphere architecture,which controls the transport of ore-forming fluids,and favorable tectonic and geodynamic processes,occurring at various spatial and temporal scales,that influence the genesis and evolution of ore-forming fluids(Huston et al.,2016;Groves et al.,2018;Davies et al.,2020).Knowledge of the deep structural framework can advance the understanding of the development of a mineral system and the emplacement of mineral deposits.Deep geophysical exploration carried out with this aim is increasingly important for targeting new ore deposits in unexplored and underexplored regions(Dentith et al.,2018;Dentith,2019).

Lithium extraction from hard rock lithium ores(spodumene,lepidolite,zinnwaldite,petalite):Technology,resources,environment and cost

Lithium production in China mainly depends on hard rock lithium ores,which has a defect in resources,environment,and economy compared with extracting lithium from brine.This paper focuses on the research progress of extracting lithium from spodumene,lepidolite,petalite,and zinnwaldite by acid,alkali,salt roasting,and chlorination methods,and analyzes the resource intensity,environmental impact,and production cost of industrial lithium extraction from spodumene and lepidolite.It is found that the sulfuric acid method has a high lithium recovery rate,but with a complicated process and high energy consumption;alkali and chlorination methods can directly react with lithium ores,reducing energy consumption,but need to optimize reaction conditions and safety of equipment and operation;the salt roasting method has large material flux and high energy consumption,so require adjustment of sulfate ratio to increase the lithium yield and reduce production cost.Compared with extracting lithium from brine,extracting lithium from ores,calcination,roasting,purity,and other processes consume more resources and energy;and its environmental impact mainly comes from the pollutants discharged by fossil energy,9.3-60.4 times that of lithium extracted from brine.The processing cost of lithium extraction from lepidolite by sulfate roasting method is higher than that from spodumene by sulfuric acid due to the consumption of high-value sulfate.However,the production costs of both are mainly affected by the price of lithium ores,which is less competitive than that of extracting lithium from brine.Thus,the process of extracting lithium from ores should develop appropriate technology,shorten the process flow,save resources and energy,and increase the recovery rate of related elements to reduce environmental impact and improve the added value of by-products and the economy of the process.

The Terminal of Mineral System Exploration in Thick Coverage Area by Gravity and Magnetic Data――A Case Study on the Nihe Iron Deposit

The study is concerned with the airborne magnetic and gravity data aiming at evaluating the terminal of mineral system.Nihe iron deposit,situated in the center of Luzong ore cluster area,is the case to our study.Different tectonic environments,source material,and preservation background illustrate distinct properties in the geophysical observation results.

Exploration of Feasible Path for the“New Urbanization”in Practices

This paper introduced problems in the current construction of "new urbanization" from four perspectives, namely making new countryside planning, but not eliminating countryside, protecting architectural cultures, avoiding pursuit of grandiose western-style projects. In addition, solutions to the problems were proposed, the necessity and urgency of promoting new urbanization scientifi cally and reasonably was stressed, the feasible approach for the construction of new urbanization was explored.

Diversity and Innovation: Progress and Exploration of Domestic Art Movies in 2016

One defining feature of domestic movies in 2016 is the outstanding performance made by art movies. In general, these art movies improved the overall quality of Chinese movies and the aesthetic appreciation of Chinese viewers. While highlighting the values of art and thought amid the commercial or entertainment movies, the art movies aroused public concern for domestic movies. Domestic art movies in 2016 are characterized by a close link between their art form and avant–garde style and their realist approach, affinity to the people and thought–provoking insight. Such characteristics enabled them to make new contributions to the development of realism. Some exhibited the producers' relentless exploration and pursuit of innovation, vividly demonstrating the diversity of contemporary art movies. For example, some delivered an impressive modern interpretation of traditional Chinese aesthetic philosophy–"the extraordinary lies in the ordinary;"some had a novel camera expression and unique space–time composition; some established an in–depth connection between laughter and critical thinking by combining comic and tragic elements; some rendered innovative presentations by integrating modern style with ethnic culture; and some adopted ideographic means to enhance the significance of art movies. At present, however, Chinese art movies still lack a grand spiritual vision, with their themes to be further enriched and their concepts and expressions to be better integrated. Domestic art movies need to be endowed with more profound significance.

EXPLORING THE VARIOUS APPROACHES OF A RESEARCH INSTITUTE'S ENTRY INTO THE MARKET

To meet the demands posed by the socialist market economy, to foster the close integration of science & technology with the national economy and thus to promote the development of the forces of production are targets pursued by the current drive of restructuring China’s existing S&T system.For this,the CAS Shenyang Branch has conducted rewarding exploration by diversifying various approaches when moving into the market.As a result,it is not only boosting its own development,but also increasing the strength of the local economy.

弱引力小天体的自主捕获与相对导航方法

远距离自主捕获与近距离高精度自主相对导航是小天体探测任务中的关键问题,并且目标尺寸越小,问题越突出。首先,针对数万千米到数千千米远距离范围内的星空背景暗弱目标难以识别的问题,提出综合利用运动学和亮度的全自主捕获和识别方法,可以实现距离大范围变化的快速准确捕获,具备了3万千米以远捕获10等星暗弱目标的能力;其次,针对数千到数十千米范围交会段视线测量可观性不足的问题,提出基于视线和轨迹机动一体化设计的相对导航方法,在考虑燃料消耗的前提下有效地提高了轨迹可观性,实现了交会段优于5%精度的相对位置导航;最后,针对近距离不规则小天体表面附近的相对导航问题,提出基于图像陆标和点云特征相结合的光学导航方法,可同时适应阳照区和阴影区的探测需求,并结合基于多源数据融合的弱引力小天体重力场反演方法,进一步提高近距相对导航的精度,近距采样相对位置优于1 m,相对速度优于1 cm/s。对所提出的方法进行了数学和物理的仿真验证。提出的方法有效解决了小天体探测中的高精度相对导航问题,也能适用于数十米量级直径大小和明暗快速交替变化的小天体着陆探测任务。

近海复杂环境下UUV动态路径规划方法研究

为解决近海环境下水下无人航行器(unmanned underwater vehicle,UUV)的动态路径规划问题,本文提出一种结合全局和局部动态路径规划的算法。首先,本文提出一种基于自适应目标引导的快速拓展随机树算法,以增加随机树生长的方向性,并通过转向和重选策略减少无效拓展加快算法的收敛速度。接着,获得全局路径之后使用自适应子节点选取策略获取动态窗口法的子目标点,将复杂的全局动态任务规划分解为多个简单的动态路劲规划,从而防止动态窗口法陷入局部极小值。最后,通过UUV出港任务仿真实验验证了算法的有效性和实用性。

总体国家安全观的理论建构、实践探索与世界意义

总体国家安全观坚持马克思主义基本立场,继承和发展了新中国成立以来中国共产党维护国家安全的实践探索和理论经验,吸收并借鉴了中华优秀传统文化中治国安邦的思想内核,同时深刻汲取了大国兴衰的经验教训。这充分体现了总体国家安全观的包容性、先进性、集成性、思辨性和人民性,标志着我们党对国家安全基本规律的认识达到了新高度。十年来,在总体国家安全观的指引下,新时代国家安全工作取得历史性成就,国家安全领导体制和法治体系、战略体系、政策体系不断完善,国家安全体系和能力现代化水平显著提升,党和国家经受住了来自政治、经济、意识形态和自然界等方面的风险挑战考验。总体国家安全观体现了中国作为负责任大国的全球视野和使命担当,为创新国家安全理念和认知,丰富各国国家安全道路选择,解决现代化进程难题,维护世界和平稳定贡献了中国智慧和中国方案。

融合项目式学习方式的高职英语教学策略探究

项目式学习方式为高职英语教学提供了新的思想基础和路径方向。针对现阶段高职英语教学面临的理论输入不足、师资力量不足、知识系统不足、评价效力不足等问题,应结合高职教育特点和改革要求,积极挖掘与项目式学习方式共通之处,实施以项目式学习核心理念为主导的教学策略,将项目式学习理念贯穿英语教学问题设计、教学任务和场景设定、教学评价等各环节,使得项目式学习理论依托高职英语教学实践不断丰富,逐步实现理论推动教学实践改革的阶段性目标和长远目标。

全面推动乡村管理法治化的价值探索与实践途径

全面推动农村社会管理法治化对我国的社会主义法治体系的思想建设与实际运用有着十分重要的作用,也是全面推进依法治国的必然需要和促进我国治理结构与管理水平实现现代化改革的内在需要,是推进农村社会全面高速发展的实际要求,维护农村村民合法权益的坚实基础,最终实现乡村和平安定的重要保证。不过在全面推动乡村管理法治化的进程中也面临一定的实际问题,因为乡村人员的意识普遍淡漠,造成农户财产权益遭到侵犯的问题非常严峻,加之农户对村庄事务的管理权益遭到过分虚化,乡村公益法治服务力度明显落后,同时乡村管理的国家立法严重不足等,这也为全面推动乡村管理法治化提出一系列的挑战。为面对这一挑战,需要寻求一条实现全面推动农村社会管理规范化的途径,如建立健全管理规范体制,发挥农村自治权力机构的合法功效,逐步完善乡村的公共法治服务建设,着力培养农村法治文化等,以此冲破在全面构建乡村管理规范化过程中的严峻障碍。

装备测试类专业背景课程思政教学探索

测试类专业背景课程是自动化、测控、机械等工科专业核心专业课程,在深入分析该类课程当前思政教学易发生问题的基础上,依据装备测试类专业背景课程特点,从教学目标、思政挖掘、分布设置等方面分析思政体系化设计思路,从思政切入方法和教学效果评价的角度讨论课程思政可能的实施路径,为促进课程思政建设更加完善、教学效果和质量进一步提升提供参考。

“产出导向法”在综合汉语课程教学中的探索与实践

综合汉语课程教学应满足个性化学习需要,持续提升国际学生语言技能,加强语言实践训练。为有效解决当前汉语教学中“重输入、轻输出”倾向导致的“学用分离”问题,通过改编现有教材、明确教学背景、设定教学目标、设计教学流程等环节,将“产出导向法”引入具备汉语初级水平的国际学生综合汉语课程教学,通过驱动-促成-评价三个部分完成综合汉语课程教学流程设计。“产出导向法”在综合汉语课程教学中的探索与实践,有助于提高国际学生的汉语水平以及提升综合汉语课程的教学效果,可为国际学生的汉语教学模式的改革与创新提供参考和借鉴。

KEY ROLE OF METALLOGENIC THEORY OF POLYGENETIC COMPOUND ORE DEPOSITS IN LOCATION PREDICTION OF HIDDEN ORE DEPOSITS IN DIWA REGIONS

The metallogenic theory of polygenetic compound ore deposit is the important basis for location prediction of hidden ore deposits in diwa regions. It can play an important role in each step of prediction research, targeting procedure, acquiring information and integrating information. In this paper, the authors discusses how to construct geological concept by using of the metallogenic theory of polygenetic ore deposits for predicting targeting area, to arrange investigation and detection for getting enough useful information, and to analyze and integrate information for reaching a trustful prediction conclusion. According to these strategies, we conduct a successful prediction of location of hidden ore bodies in the outer of the Fenghuangshan copper mine, a principal producing mine in Tongling Cu Au district.

新媒体环境下红色文化融入高职学生思政教育途径探索

党的二十大报告提出,用好红色资源,深入开展社会主义核心价值观宣传教育,着力培养担当民族复兴大任的时代新人。当今,新媒体已经成为青年学生信息交流、学习工作的重要媒介,而顺应新媒体的优势作用发挥,拓展党史学习教育平台,是提升党史学习教育的有效路径。针对目前高职学生的思想状况及特征,结合高职院校红色文化融入素质教育实际情况,提出了充分发挥基层党组织的战斗堡垒作用,创新搭建新媒体平台、整合网络资源,积极探索红色文化教育融入高职学生思政教育的新途径,真正实现红色文化教育深入基层、深入人心,真正达到以史为镜、以史明志的学习效果,为全面建设社会主义现代化国家培养合格的高素质人才。

城区地下不同地质结构地球物理综合方法应用探索

以往城市地下空间探测主要采用钻探结合以电阻率方法为主的传统电法勘探,但钻探施工成本高且破坏性较大,传统物探精度相对较低。为建立基于物探探测精度和经济性的综合方法组合模式,本文在综合分析前人相关研究基础上,选择了传统电法中的高密度电法、浅层地震中的面波法和地震映像法、国内新兴的SSP地震散射波法,检验其在铁路顶管、疏松体、地下空洞等城市浅层地下目标体探测中的应用效果。通过城区地下不同地质结构地球物理综合方法应用探索,取得主要结论与成果有:(1)总结了不同地质条件下各方法的优点及局限性;(2)建立了不同工况下基于经济性和探测精度的可参考物探组合模式。研究成果一方面有助于提升城市浅部地下空间探测精度,具备可转化应用的较大经济价值;另一方面作为相对前沿和系统的方法有效性研究,对推动城市地球物理发展具有重要意义。