The Coarse-Grained Lacustrine Slope Apron Deposits in the Moliqing Area,Yitong Basin,Northeast China

Overlapping gravity accumulation bodies were formed on the northwestern steep slope of the Shuangyang Formation in the Moliqing fault depression of northeast China.This study analyzed in detail the spatial distribution of the lithofacies and lithofacies associations of these accumulation bodies based on more than 600 m of core sections,and summarized 12 major types of lithofacies and three types of lithofacies associations：（1） the proximal zone consists of gravelly debris flows dominated by alluvial channel conglomerates;（2） the middle zone is dominated by various gravity flow deposits and traction flow deposits;and（3） the distal zone is dominated by mudstones with intercalations of sandy debris and turbidites.Combining with the grain size cumulative probability curves analysis,we determined the transformation of debris flows to sandy debris flows and to turbidity currents in the slope zone of the basin margin,and further proposed a lacustrine slope apron model that is characterized by（1） an inconstant multiple source（line source）,（2） an alternation of gravity flow deposits and traction flow deposits dominated by periodical changes in a source flood flow system,and（3） the transformation of sandy debris flow deposits into distal turbidity current deposits.This sedimentary model may be applicable to other fault depressions for predicting reservoir distribution.

Twist Distribution of Fiber Bundle in Compact Zone of Compact Spinning with Lattice Apron

In the compact spinning with lattice apron, twist distribution of the fiber bundle in the compact zone is influenced by the airflow. In order to study the twist change of the fiber bundle in the compact zone,a theoretical model was established and the twist was calculated based on the experimental parameters. Experiments were carried out to verify the theoretical model. Theoretical and experimental results show consistency. The study indicates that the twist distribution of the fiber bundle in the compact zone is related to the tension, the offset angle and the linear density of the fiber bundle.

Additional Twists of Yarn Produced by System of Compact Spinning with Lattice Apron

Based on the flow simulation in the condensing zone of compact spinning with lattice apron and a bead-elastic rod dynamic model of the flexible fiber,trajectories of fibers with different negative pressure are simulated by specially designed Matlab procedure.Then displacement components of fibers at YZ profile under different negative pressure conditions are extracted and compared.The results show that the fibers of different initial positions gradually converge,and are interlaced for position change in yarn cross-section,caused by the airflow in the condensing zone.Finally,compact-spun yarn with different negative pressure and conventional ring spun yarn are produced and their twists are tested.Both the results of simulation and experiments illustrate the existence of additional twists.Also the relationship between additional twists and negative pressure is verified.

Simulation and Analysis of Fiber Motion in Condensing Zone of Compact Spinning with Lattice Apron

To get fiber motion in condensing zone of compact spinning,velocity of this area is achieved by simulation,and then a bead-elastic rod fiber model is established.Based on simulation and dynamic analysis on this zone,governing equations are constructed and Runge-Kutta approach is used.Lastly,trajectories of fibers are calculated by specially designed Matlab procedure according to the principles mentioned above.Results show that fiber motions at different initial positions are different;X-axis velocity component makes fibers gathering on sides of suction slot;Y-axis airflow gets fibers gradually close and then stick to the surface of lattice apron.Fiber motions also reflect that the compact spinning process in condensing zone can be divided into three parts:fast convergence zone,adjustment convergence zone,and steady convergence zone.

基于范数灰关联-动态功效系数法的机坪U型区空间效率评估

为了确定机坪U型区空间效率评估指标体系及其指标的重要程度,分别从机坪设计和机坪运行两个维度建立机坪U型区空间效率评估指标体系。基于此提出了基于范数灰关联-动态功效系数法的机坪U型区空间效率评估方法。并以10个国内大型运输机场航站楼对应的U型区机坪为例进行计算,得到了影响机坪U型区空间效率各指标的权重及各机场航站楼对应的U型区机坪的空间效率评分。提出在U型区设计时应着重考虑指廊边机位个数、U型区指廊纵深和U型区底边长度3个指标。结果表明,该方法能够较为科学地对机坪U型区空间效率影响因素进行综合分析,有效评判不同构型机坪U型区空间效率。

基于不确定性的机坪管制系统风险评估

对机坪管制系统进行风险评估是提高机场安全水平的一个重要措施,但如何科学客观地评价机坪管制系统,得到贴近现实的评估结果是一个难题。基于此,建立了机坪管制系统风险评价体系,从组合权重法的观点出发,通过乘法归一化合成评价权重,并在模糊集理论的基础上引入DS证据论对某机场机坪管制系统进行实例评估,得出人员因素是机坪管制系统安全体系的重点这一结论,对机坪管制系统安全改进有较好的指导意义。

气动载荷下高速列车设备舱裙板非稳态振动疲劳强度研究

高速列车设备舱裙板对改善列车空气动力学性能起到重要作用,裙板除受到振动载荷外,还承受气动载荷。随着运行速度的不断提高,裙板承受的气动载荷愈发强烈,为保证高速列车的正常运行,对裙板的疲劳评估尤为重要。该文针对裙板在气动载荷作用下的非稳态振动特性,以实测气动载荷作为输入利用有限元仿真获取脉冲响应函数,采用时域卷积积分方法计算加速度测点位置加速度,对比试验数据进行模型验证,对比结果显示总体误差小于10%。再采用该方法计算关注单元动应力,通过振动疲劳强度分析方法进行评估,评估结果显示裙板疲劳强度可以满足速度为400 km/h列车的需求。

基于PCA-DEMATEL方法的运输机场机坪安全评价指标体系分析

为提高运输机场机坪运行的安全性,通过分析机坪运行环境,参考民航相关规章,建立运输机场机坪安全评价指标体系。为保证指标体系的有效性,通过相关性分析删除关联指标、主成分分析保留对评价结果有重要影响的指标。再运用DEMATEL方法找出影响机坪安全的关键指标。相关性与主成分两种方法相结合定量筛选指标,从而构建了囊括32个指标涉及人、机、环、管4个准则层的运输机场机坪安全评价指标体系。DEMATEL分析出了指标体系中影响机坪安全的关键指标,以便为运输机场机坪安全评价管理提供参考依据。

基于航班信息的机坪智慧照明监控系统设计方案探讨

随着国家“双碳”战略深入推进和“四型机场”建设广泛开展,各机场持续开展技术创新,传统的民航机场机坪照明监控系统是以RS485通讯总线方式实现高杆灯按照分区分组、光控与时控等模式的单系统照明,其控制方式简单、系统可靠性不高、智慧化程度不足、节能效果有限,已难以适应新时代照明需求。文章立足行业实际,充分借鉴有关机场照明系统建设方面的经验,提出了一种基于航班信息的机坪智慧照明监控系统方案,用数据联动实现机坪与机位按需照明,最大程度地节能减排,助力绿色机场发展。

盾构下穿停机坪地表沉降监测及特性分析

成都地铁30号线在双流机场站—寺圣站盾构区间下穿机场停机坪。详细介绍了盾构施工期间停机坪地表沉降的监测方案、监测方法,并对监测数据进行了分析。监测结果表明,盾构机刀盘和盾体所达之处上方停机坪地表开始显现沉降变形并急剧变化,至盾尾脱出1~3 d后上方的停机坪地表沉降日变化速率达最大值,盾尾脱出4 d后的上方停机坪地表沉降日变化速率逐渐减小,并在20 d后趋于稳定,为工程的设计和施工提供了数据支撑,保障了公共基础设施安全。

智慧机坪运行管理新技术应用与展望

机坪运行管理是机场运行效率的重要影响因素,直接影响着机场运行安全、运行效率和运行成本。随着机场旅客吞吐量、货邮吞吐量的不断攀升和机场的不断扩建,传统的发展路线已经不能满足“四型机场”建设和“数字化转型”的发展要求。在行业大力推进智慧机场建设背景下,少人无人化技术、智能视频技术、低碳节能技术和数字孪生等新兴技术引起广泛关注,成为机场建设中的重要内容和持续研究的重点领域,也是提升机坪管理效能行之有效的方法之一,正重塑着民航业的形态、模式和格局。

THE RANDOM ANALYSIS OF APRON SLAB MISSING STABILITY UNDER WATER JET LASHING

The jet flow with high water head happens very often in hydraulic engineering. In this paper, starting from the viewpoint of random hydraulics, the experimental research work on the problem of percussion action of the jet flow related to the apron slab.Stochastic theory and random time series are employed to analyse the sample function x(t) ,its x(t) and x(t) and their corelations μ on M. The working process of the apron during the variation of flow discharge has been observed and the machanism of failure of apron slab is discussed. The lift force due to the action of jet flow is analysed and the conditions of improving the safety factors of apron slab are presented.

医院建筑屋顶停机坪的设计与施工技术研究

从北京安贞医院通州院区项目停机坪的钢结构、场道、甲板、锁机栓、标识、安全网安装、通信、助航导航系统、电气设备安装、气象系统、消防设施安装等方面对停机坪的设计和施工技术进行介绍,并从救援效率、安全性、是否受地势影响及国家政策层面对医用停机坪的发展前景进行了展望,侧面印证了对医院建筑屋顶停机坪的设计与施工技术进行研究的必要性。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FLUCTUATING PRESSURE ACTING ON THE APRON OF STILLING BASINS WITH LOW FROUDE NUMBER

Using four types of stilling basin models,this paper studies frequency characteris- tics of the fluctuating pressure acting on the stilling basin apron when Froude number is not greater than 4.5.The testing results show that the frequency of fluctuating pressure,f_s in the ranges of 0. 4Hz≤f_s≤1.1Hz.0.2Hz≤f_s≤2.5Hz and 0.4Hz≤f_s≤3.3Hz.can be used as the design frequency corresponding to three patterns of hydraulic jump.The reliability of f_s for three jump patterns is all nearly equal to 90%.

Initiation and evolution of coarse-grained deposits in the Late Quaternary Lake Chenghai source-to-sink system:From subaqueous colluvial apron(subaqueous fans)to Gilbert-type delta

Investigating the formation and evolution of coarse-grained deposits in modern lakes and the relevant controlling conditions is indispensable to the prediction of reservoir sandbodies, disaster prediction,and limnological research. The source-to-sink system of coarse-grained deposits in Lake Chenghai, a deep,scarped Late Quaternary lake, was investigated in this study based on 62 outcrops, Advanced Land Observing Satellite(ALOS) digital elevation model(DEM) data, and regional geological survey data. The findings include the following:(1) the source areas of coarse-grained deposits in Lake Chenghai were lithologically classified into carbonate source areas, basaltic source areas and siliciclastic source areas, and were geomorphically categorized as scarp type or confluence type. Subaqueous colluvial aprons have formed downstream of the carbonate source areas and scarp-type basaltic source areas, while Gilbert-type deltas have formed downstream of siliciclastic source areas and confluence-type basaltic source areas.(2) The formation and evolution of coarse-grained deposits are controlled by the sediment flux that evolves in synchrony with the geomorphic evolution of the source areas and the sink regimes. Scarps represent the initial landform of the source areas.Source material rolls off or slides down scarps or forms small-scale debris flows before entering the lake. The source material initially formed subaqueous colluvial apron(synonymous with subaqueous fans) where sufficient space was present to accommodate sediments and the basement angle exceeded than the natural angle of repose. As weathering and denudation have progressed, the initial scarps have transformed into confluencetype slopes, and the source material has formed medium-and large-scale debris flows that have entered the lake, resulting in an increase in sediment flux. Consequently, the subaqueous colluvial aprons have rapidly grown and developed subaerial deposits, which have evolved into larger-scale Gilbert-type deltas that overlie the initial aprons.(3) The morphology and distribution of coarse-grained deposits vary in response to differences in quantity and composition of materials from different source areas, which resulting from different rates of weathering and denudation and different sediment input regimes. Firstly, the size and surface slope angle of a subaqueous colluvial apron from a carbonate source are smaller than those of a subaqueous colluvial apron of basaltic origin. Secondly, a Gilbert-type delta from a basaltic source features a greater slope angle and a thicker topset than does a Gilbert-type delta of siliciclastic origin, and the latter exhibits a longer foreset and a thicker bottomset than in the former. Thirdly, the sizes of subaqueous colluvial aprons are not strongly correlated with the sizes of the source areas, while the sizes of Gilbert-type deltas are.

某机坪管道直流杂散电流排流技术探讨

在机场地铁运营过程中,由于回流轨存在着电气阻抗,牵引电流在回流轨中产生压降,并且回流轨对地存在着电位差,会导致回流线对隧道道床、周围土壤介质、机坪埋地管道存在着一定的泄漏电流,形成杂散电流。当杂散电流流出管道时,会对管道产生严重的电化学腐蚀影响,最终会导致管道腐蚀穿孔泄漏。因此,研究杂散电流对机坪管道影响,对提高机坪管道安全稳定运行的可靠性有非常大的意义。

基于孪生残差多尺度特征融合网络的方孔锁松动识别

以人工模式为主的方孔锁松动异常识别存在检修效率低且难以保证检修质量的问题。为了提高方孔锁松动检修效率和检修准确率,设计一种孪生残差多尺度特征融合网络用于方孔锁松动识别。针对孪生残差网络中无法充分利用浅层多尺度特征的问题,利用一种特征融合模块(feature fusion module,FFM),对不同尺度下的特征进行自适应融合。提出一种数据增广算法模拟方孔锁松动故障,解决方孔锁实际松动数据数量较少的问题。测试集上的试验结果表明,这种增广算法能够明显提高方孔锁松动识别准确率,F-Score评价指标提高。相比于孪生残差网络,孪生残差多尺度特征融合网络具有更高的识别准确率,在不同松动角度的测试集上,准确率提升最高可达2.66%。

机坪管制移交后机场运行控制中心大厅人员动态排班优化

立足智慧机场的数字化转型要求,针对传统机场运行控制中心(airport operational control center,AOCC)全时段以最大峰值的静态排班导致工作时长不均、人力资源利用率低、调整灵活性差等问题,以机坪管制移交后的人员分工要求确立动态排班原则,构建AOCC大厅的多目标组合优化的员工排班模型,提出父代班组非支配交叉的基因排序、子代班组拥挤变异算子的遗传算法进行智能搜索最优可行解,并基于MATLAB平台进行建模仿真验证,结果表明:手工排班方案作为“父代初始解”确保了飞行安全,交替航班任务实时产生子代班组种群,接班变异保留子代班组精英个体,降低了人力成本、班组人员的工作时长方差和疲劳度。

机场加油系统水力瞬变分析

为减小水击波动,保障机场加油系统安全平稳运行,基于实际机场加油管线路由图,考虑油库并联泵机组建立机场加油系统水力仿真模型;采用节点压力法进行稳态计算,用特征线法进行瞬态计算,并在波速调整法的基础上引入惯性元件,以线程池的形式进行多线程计算,并与商业软件SPS对比。结果表明:稳态工况下节点压力偏差小于10 kPa,瞬态工况下最大水击压力偏差小于50 kPa,验证了计算的准确性;克服了大量短管造成的计算缓慢问题,进一步提高了管网水力模拟的计算速度,能够应用于管线设计、操作培训、离线仿真等多方面,保障机场加油系统安全运行。

面向港湾机坪的停机位指派优化

停机位指派问题是机场运营管理的核心问题。现有的停机位指派问题研究集中在提高停机位的利用效率上,而忽略了停机坪的运行安全。针对这一问题,本文以最大化近机位利用率和最小化鲁棒性损失为目标,提出一个考虑港湾安全约束的停机位指派模型;提出一种可精确求解面向港湾机坪的停机位指派问题的分支定价算法;利用机场实际数据验证提出的模型和算法。实验结果表明,在小、中、大规模算例中分支定价的最优解比CPLEX分别改进了0.3%、17.3%、26.7%,在中大规模算例中有明显的优势。在小、中、大规模算例中,本文的设计能分别预先避免27.16%、16.35%、11.01%的航空器发生港湾冲突。在提高近机位利用率和指派计划鲁棒性的同时,提高了机坪的安全性。