Investigation on Sinipercine Fishes in the National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Protection Area in Jinjiang River of China

[Objective]The paper was to provide a scientific basis for protection and utilization of sinipercine fish resources in Jinjiang River,the national resources protection area. [Method]A total of 171 specimens of sinipercine were collected from Jinjiang River and its branches,identified and statistically counted.[Result]There were three species of wild sinipercine,including Siniperca scherzeri,Coreoperca whiteheadi and Siniperca kneri,with occurrence frequencies of100%,66. 7% and 50%,respectively. They were common species in the river,and S. scherzeri was dominant. The total allowable catch(TAC) of the three species was not big,and the individuals captured were generally small,and with rare mature individuals. [Conclusion]The resources of sinipercine had a preliminary recovery in the region after the foundation of the national resources protection area for aquatic resources in Jinjiang River in 2009.

Japanese Aquatic Resources Management and Its Enlightenment to China

This article briefly reviewed the history of fishery resource management,especially the basic laws,concepts and basic techniques of aquatic resource management in Japan. It was concluded that the experience of management systems,basic methods,etc. in Japan,as a county that has earlier protected and managed aquatic resources,is worth learning by the establishment of China's aquatic resource management system.

Traditional Utilization of Aquatic Resources in Eastern Arc Catchments of Tanzania

Aquatic resources are vital for human well-being particularly to rural communities that largely depend?onthem for livelihood. Currently, it appears that pressure from human activities related to utilization has impacted negatively on catchment management, particularly of the aquatic resources. This study focuses on the aquatic resources found in the Eastern Arc Catchments of Tanzania which include Upper Zigi and Lower Mngeta. The study employs catchment community participatory mapping approach so as to elucidate how man interacts with and modifies the aquatic environment, the impacts of their behavior, and the responses to changes which occur. The aim of the research is to realize a more comprehensive understanding of water resource management from a cultural, social, economic, political, and biological perspective and facilitate sustainable socio-hydrological interaction model. The study found that there are some similarities and differences in aquatic resources management and utilization among communities. Also, it established that there are more aquatic resources in Lower Mngeta catchment than in Upper Zigi catchment. The study found out that the manner of utilization of aquatic resources depends on their availability, levels of skills, knowledge, and beliefs among members of the communities of the catchments. It was also found that the traditional cultural structures that regulated aquatic resource utilization are weakening at an alarming rate due to factors such as modernization and the establishment of?the?formal?institution. Weak traditional structures contribute in many ways to mismanagement and destruction of aquatic resources. The study recommends that ecological database should not only focus on the resources stock, but also on the dynamics of resources utilization. This would lead identification of appropriate local actors with knowledge and skills and cultural advantage who can be involved in planning and management of these important resources. It would also help to reverse the negative impact already experienced, promote sustainable practices and eventually guarantee?theavailability?of adequate aquatic resources for the present and future generation.

Status of aquatic organisms resources and their environments in Yangtze River system(2017-2021)

The Yangtze River is the mother river of China.To promote the aquatic ecosystem protection of the great river,the Project of Yangtze Fisheries Resources and Environment Investigation(2017-2021)supported by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China carried out by 24 institutes and universities that located in the Yangtze River basin surveys the status of(1)fish species composition and spatial distribution,(2)current fish abundance,(3)endangered fishes,(4)Yangtze finless porpoise,(5)aquatic eco-environments,(6)water-level fluctuation areas,(7)capture fisheries and recreational fisheries of the Yangtze River mainstream and 10 of its main tributaries,including Yalong River,Heng River,Min River(including Dadu River),Chishui River,Tuo River,Jialing River,Wu River,Han River,Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake.The results showed that there were 443 fish species(belonging to 163 genus,37 families,and 18 orders)before 2017,but only 323 fish species(including 15 new recorded exotic species)were recorded in the project of 2017-2021.Among them,Cyprinus carpio,Carassius auratus,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Pelteobagrus fulvidraco,Coilia brachygnathus,Silurus asotus,Saurogobio dabryi,Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Pelteobagrus nitidus,Hemiculter leucisculus,Siniperca chuatsi,Coreius heterodon,Culter alburnus,Parabramis pekinensis,and Aristichthys nobilis were the dominant species across the whole Yangtze River system.It is estimated that there were 886 million individuals weighing 124.8 million kg,merely equivalent to 27.3%of the resources in 1950s,30.9%of the resources in 1960s,or 58.7%of the resources in 1980s.In the new list of protected fishes that recorded in the Yangtze River system,only 15 of 29 were collected in this project of 2017-2021.Psephurus gladius has been affirmed to be Extinct by International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN).The wild individuals of Tenualosa reevesii and Luciobrama macrocephalus have disappeared for many years and maybe have been extinct already.Acipenser dabryanus has been affirmed to be Extinct in the Wild by IUCN.The natural propagations of A.sinensis,Myxocyprinus asiaticus and Trachidermus fasciatus have been interrupted for many years.The populations of Yangtze finless porpoise in the Yangtze River mainstream,Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake have steadily rising sizes and expanding distributions in 2017-2021.Parts of them migrate from one region to another with the seasons,which would result in the fluctuation of Yangtze finless porpoise population within some regions.The conventional indicators of water quality in the Yangtze River system were good and conformed to the water quality criteria of fishery in 2017-2021.In the last 40 years,the maximum surface water area in the Yangtze River basin extended to approximately 63,360 km2,the minimum surface water area covered approximately 26,396 km2,and the seasonal water-level fluctuation areas occupied approximately 36,964 km2.Compared with 1984-2000 period,the 2001-2020 period witnessed an overall decreasing trend in the frequency of surface water occurrence within about 25,869 km2 of aquatic areas.From 1984 to 2000 period to 2001-2020 period,permanent surface water has decreased by nearly 8,750 km2.In 2017,the fishermen were mainly 40-60 years old and their educational levels were mainly lower than junior high school.In 2017,most anglers were older than 40 and used hand rod and/or sea rod.Their average catch of each time was mainly less than 1 kg.Results suggested that the fishing ban in key waters of the Yangtze River basin is not only an ecological project of aquatic ecosystem conservation,but also a livelihood project for the fisherman to embrace industrial transformation and improve their living conditions.After the implementation of the fishing ban,the fisheries resources would gradually recover,and the Yangtze finless porpoise population size would also see a steady increase.However,the endangered species would remain threatened for a long time.The degraded waterbodies and water-level fluctuation areas would be the key restrictive factors for future aquatic ecosystem recovery in the Yangtze River basin.Since this survey was carried out before the fishing ban,the current results could provide a baseline for future evaluation of the effect of the Yangtze River fishing ban.

Assessment and Perceived Impact of Coastal Resource Management (CRM) Programs in the Southern Part of Masbate Island, Philippines

Coastal Resource Management (CRM) are activities that achieve sustainable use and management of valuable resources in coastal areas. This study presents the perceived impact of the coastal resource management (CRM) interventions implemented by the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) under the FishCORAL Project in the Municipality of Milagros, Masbate. The respondents are members of fisherfolk organizations, Bantay Dagat (BD), and community members. The CRM projects include mangrove planting, the establishment of marine protected area (MPA) markers, the construction of a watchtower, and the establishment of Bantay Dagat (BD). Respondents were convinced that the interventions affected their daily living, especially mangrove planting projects. Members of fisherfolk organizations carried out the project in Barangays Jamorawon, Magsalangi, and Tagbon. In terms of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP), these could be attributed to the respondent’s appreciation of the intervention, which contributed to the protection of the area from flood, storm surge, and tsunami, support for livelihood, the presence of marine animals (i.e., shrimp and crabs), and apprehension of illegal fishing activities. Destructive fishing, domestic waste, and natural calamities are some identified causes of aquatic ecosystem destruction. In terms of socioeconomic, respondents are provided additional income ranging from Php 1,500.00 - 2,000.00 per month, and fish stocks have also increased. The distribution of fishnets and Banca, livelihood, protection of marine resources, and commitment of legal authorities to enforce related fishery policies are among the CRM activities with a sound impact on the community.

The Concept of Information Support for Bi-oresource and Ecosystem Research in the North-West Pacific: Theory and Practical Implementation

The first part of the article provides an overview of the theoretical evidence, the main provisions, and the implementation strategy of information support for bioresource and ecosystem research in the north-west Pacific, which has been conducted over the past 20 years in the Russian Far East Research Institute TINRO-Center. In short, the concept consists of a combination of the following four assertions: 1) For the steady and sustainable development of the Russian Far East, the entire Russian Federation and the Asia-Pacific Region in general, environmental, food, economic, and other security is required, which cannot be achieved without the rational use of bioresources based on the ecosystem approach to the management of aquatic bioresources. 2) For the inventory, appraisal, monitoring, forecasting of the state of and management the natural water resources when applying this approach, statistically relevant quantitative information is required on the greatest possible number of constituents of marine biocenosis of the north-western Pacific for the longest possible period of time, which is only available at the TINRO-Center. 3) This valuable data should be organized into databases, based on which geo-information and other electronic information systems are prepared, and based on these map atlases and reference books on natural water resources, using automated workplaces created especially for this. 4) The resulting unique information support will be of great value not only for practical purposes, but also for science, both applied and fundamental. Next comes a summary of the many years of work on the practical implementation of this concept and the key achievements in this field obtained by the TINRO-Center by the end of 2015 are reviewed. At the end, some plans for the near future are outlined.

水产资源刑法保护的实践面向与规范适用研究

我国行政法和刑法对水产资源双重保护的法律体系已经形成。水产资源行政保护规范的专门化设置和刑法保护规范的精细化调整对司法实践的理性化规制提出了新要求。水产资源刑法保护司法实践呈现出违法性判断中实质性解释欠缺、罪量要素违法评价机能缺位以及共同责任与上下游责任界定模糊的特征,需要从罪质、罪量和关联责任方面进行完善。水产资源刑法保护的罪质厘定,应在厘清水产资源犯罪双重违法性的评判立场与认定路径的前提下,对水产资源犯罪危害行为的时空要素和手段要素进行实质解释。水产资源犯罪“情节严重”的罪量标准呈现出“以侵害方式为主、犯罪数额为辅”的二元评价模式,宜准确把握犯罪数额要素的多维嬗变,对侵害方式要素进行有限化出罪,明确兜底性规定的一般判断规则和特殊情形中的规范借力。水产资源共同犯罪责任的划定以二元审查机制为基础,具体要依照共同犯罪的组织方式和行为特点进行类型化分析,对水产资源上下游犯罪责任判别的关键词要精准解释。

山东省水产种业高质量发展战略研究

山东是我国渔业大省,肩负着打造“蓝色粮仓”,构筑“海上田园”的重要使命。山东省水产种业的高质量发展,对于贯彻落实“大食物观”,保障我国水产品的持续、多样供给具有重要意义。本文基于文献分析、实地调研等方式,系统地梳理了山东省水产种业发展现状,指出了山东省水产种业在顶层设计规划、优异种质资源收集与保存、高效育种技术创新与应用、突破性新品种培育以及种业龙头企业打造等方面存在的不足,有针对性地提出了山东省养殖鱼类、贝类、虾蟹、参藻种业以及种业经济发展的远景目标、重点任务和行动建议,以期为山东省水产种业高质量发展提供参考。

山东省黄河三角洲水生耐盐药用植物资源调查与分析

对山东省黄河三角洲地区水生耐盐药用植物的种类、生活型及对应药材入药部位、药性、功效进行统计调查分析。共调查到野生水生耐盐药用植物299种。根据恩格勒分类系统,这些植物隶属于76科204属;生活型以草本型为主,共222种。以299种药用植物为基源的药材共338种,其中全草入药药材144种,占药材种类数的42.60%;平性药材最多,共85种;苦味药、甘味药和辛味药数量较其他药味具有明显优势;以功效分类,清热药、利水渗湿类、活血化瘀类、化痰止咳类、止血药和补虚药占优势。针对水生耐盐药用植物特点,结合该区域自然状况,提出了合理开发和综合利用的建议。

破坏水生野生动物资源刑事案件的实证分析

在生态文明建设的时代背景下,完善刑法对水生野生动物相关犯罪的惩治是野生动物保护的重要保障。我国《刑法》第151条、340条、341条对破坏水生野生动物资源犯罪进行了规定,《关于办理破坏野生动物资源刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》针对破坏野生动物资源犯罪的新情况和新问题,调整了破坏野生动物资源犯罪的定罪量刑标准。通过对2021—2022年相关样本进行分析发现,司法实践中仍存在刑法保护范围狭小、犯罪门槛降低、刑事处罚轻于行政处罚、缓刑适用率过高、无限额罚金制实务操作性不强、预防救济措施缺乏等问题。建议完善刑法对水生野生动物资源的保护体系,调整司法解释的相关规定,构建完整的刑罚适用体系,以期全链条惩治破坏水生野生动物资源犯罪,有力保护生态环境,维护生物多样性和生态平衡。

我国水产种苗产业国际竞争力分析

水产种苗产业作为水产养殖产业链的源头,是引领水产养殖业绿色发展、推进渔业转型升级、实现渔业现代化的硬核“芯片”。论文从国际竞争力的角度,运用贸易竞争力指数和净出口显示性比较优势指数对我国水产种苗产业竞争力进行测算,结果显示,我国鱼类种苗在逐渐失去竞争优势,2021和2022年甚至出现了负值;2017—2022年,甲壳类种苗无论是贸易竞争力指数还是净出口显示性比较优势指数均为负值,其国际竞争力较为薄弱。软体动物种苗与之相反,基本以出口为主,2011—2022年两个指标均在0以上,具有较强的对外贸易竞争优势。水生无脊椎动物种苗的贸易竞争力指数测算结果年变化幅度较大,而净出口显示性比较优势指数比较平稳,总体来看,其国际竞争力接近平均水平。综上,我国鱼类种苗、甲壳类种苗和水生无脊椎动物种苗的贸易竞争力有待进一步增强。由此,本文提出要强化企业在商业化育种体系中的主体地位、进一步提升水产育种研发能力、培育适应市场需求的优良品种、加强水产种苗产业公共信息平台建设等对策建议。

商南县莲花台水库水生生物资源调查与鱼产力估算

[目的]科学评估莲花台水库鱼产力,合理利用渔业资源,保护水生生态环境。[方法]2022年3月对该水库水生生物资源及水质进行了调查和监测,并测算了鱼产力和鲢鳙鱼种放养量。[结果]该水库浮游植物分属6门21种,平均密度为27.194×10^(6)个/L,平均生物量为4.803 3 mg/L;浮游动物共计14属20种,平均密度为189.5 ind./L,平均生物量为0.560 mg/L;检测到底栖生物2大类3种,平均密度为66.66 ind./m^(2),平均生物量为3.837 g/m^(2)。该水库总鱼产力为416.34 t,其中浮游植物和浮游动物供饵的鱼产力为295.19 t,底栖生物食性鱼类的鱼产力为3.07 t,腐殖质、有机碎屑及细菌提供的鱼产力为118.08 t。根据鱼产力分析结果,鲢、鳙鱼鱼种的放养密度分别为1 067和344尾/hm^(2)。[结论]该水库拥有较大的鱼产力,将其合理开发利用可获得较好的经济效益,并保障水生生态系统的健康。

台儿庄黄颡鱼国家级水产种质资源保护区渔业资源现状与评价

本研究在台儿庄黄颡鱼国家级水产种质资源保护区展开,旨在评估该保护区内的鱼类组成、优势种群、生物多样性以及保护物种黄颡鱼的资源存量。通过在保护区内部署三处多网目复合刺网和定置串联笼壶作为捕捞工具,对所捕获的渔获物进行详细的数据测量和分析。结果表明,本次共监测到22种渔获物,这些种类分别隶属于5个目9个科。其中鲤形目最多,共14种,占总种类数64%;鲇形目1种,占总种类数的4%;鲱形目1种,占总种类数的4%;鲈形目3种,占总种类数的14%;甲壳类3种,占总种类数的14%。针对保护物种黄颡鱼,采用柱式基因组DNA抽提试剂盒提取其总DNA,分析结果显示黄颡鱼群体的种群结构稳定,遗传多样性总体处于较高水平,野生种质资源处于较好的状态。这一发现证实了保护区的生物多样性得到了有效的维护,并且黄颡鱼的保护工作取得了积极成效。

山东省大宗海洋生物资源的变化与开发利用

山东是海洋大省,海洋生物资源的开发与利用对山东海洋经济的可持续发展意义重大。2013~2022年,山东海洋生物结构发生较大的变化,新技术、新工艺也促进了海洋生物资源的开发与利用。本文综合分析了2013~2022年山东省海洋植物资源、海洋鱼类资源、海洋甲壳动物资源、海洋贝类生物资源、海洋头足类生物资源等大宗海洋生物资源的变化及其原因,并介绍了这些资源的开发利用情况。研究结果表明山东大宗海洋生物的捕捞产量总体呈下降趋势,多数品种的养殖产量呈上升趋势,海洋生物资源的总量在上升。

长江十年禁渔与水生态协同保护的思考

回顾了长江“十年禁渔”的时代背景,分析了长江“十年禁渔”所取得的阶段性成效及其与目标的差距,以及长江流域的潜在水生态影响。进一步提出了长江禁渔和水生态协同保护对策,包括强化统筹治理、加强物种保护和恢复、推进专业协同、夯实跨域融合理论基础、建设智联监管一张网等。为保护长江流域水生生态持续健康发展提供决策参考。

新阶段烟台市提升水生生物资源养护能力的思考

水生生物资源养护工作是一项复杂的系统工程。多年来,烟台市坚持问题导向、系统治理,深入推进海岸带生态环境综合治理,持续加强水生生物增殖放流和海洋牧场建设,水生生物资源养护稳步发展、成效显著。但受人为开发活动、社会生产力水平以及人们思想观念等因素影响,水生生物资源养护在科学性、全面性、系统性发展道路上仍有许多问题与不足,一定程度上阻碍了其健康可持续发展。立足新发展阶段,围绕新时代水生生物资源养护发展目标,系统分析烟台市水生生物资源养护现状及存在的主要问题,提出完善制度体系、应对气候变化、开展资源和生态环境保护、加强基础研究和开展宣传教育等意见措施,以期提升水生生物资源养护能力,推动海洋生态文明建设和海洋事业健康可持续发展。

深化协同联治加快一体融通共同开创太湖治理一体化发展新局面

水利是保障长三角一体化发展国家重大战略的重要基础。江苏水利坚决贯彻落实习近平总书记关于长三角一体化发展系列重要论述,聚焦太湖治理这一“国之大者”,围绕一体化和高质量两个关键词,从统筹水安全保障、水资源供给、水环境治理和现代水网航道网协同发展等方面,就积极推动太湖一体化治理提出有针对性的对策建议,为唱响新时代“太湖美”贡献水利力量。

信息化教学背景下水产专业《动物学实验》教学资源重构研究

为推进数字化信息技术与海洋意识教育教学融会贯通,激发学生对蓝色海洋科学知识的探索精神,深化海洋环境与资源保护意识,进一步提高教师信息素养与教育教学高质量发展,该文对水产专业中必修课程——《动物学实验》在线网络学习平台教学资源重构进行探究。利用信息化教学资源中的语音播报、图片和视频等,将理论知识与科研实践相结合,对课程的学习、科研、思考延伸等内容进行了论述。探讨教学资源重构后的实践效果,不仅改善教学现状,同时倡导师生对海洋保护、尊重自然、爱护自然的绿色价值观念。

沉水植物苦草的营养成分分析与综合利用

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