In this experiment,the effects of 13 kinds of herbicides( or mixtures) on the control of two kinds of weeds were studied by pot cultivation with the broadleaf weed Malachium aquaticum L. and Gramineae weed Poa annua L...In this experiment,the effects of 13 kinds of herbicides( or mixtures) on the control of two kinds of weeds were studied by pot cultivation with the broadleaf weed Malachium aquaticum L. and Gramineae weed Poa annua L. as the materials. The results showed that the herbicide MCPA-Na had the best and fastest control effect on M. aquaticum L.,and all the M. aquaticum L. died 7 d after treatment;it was followed by the other four herbicides including MCPA-Na + clethodim,MCPA-Na + quizalofop-p-ethyl,bentazon and nicosulfuron·atrazine,and all the M. aquaticum L. died 14 d after treatment. Atrazine was the best herbicide to control Gramineae weeds,followed by nicosulfuron·atrazine,and mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine. The study on the application of field herbicide found that four herbicides including atrazine,mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine,nicosulfuron·atrazine and bentazon had better control effect on weeds. The best herbicide for flax field was MCPA-Na + clethodim,followed by MCPA-Na and MCPA-Na + quizalofop-p-ethyl. The optimized herbicides and combinations had no harmful effects on the growth of corn and flax.展开更多
选取宁波市城区内河2个营养类型水体日湖(中-富营养类型)和卧彩江(重富营养类型),于2008年8～11月,利用MIDI Sherlock MIS系统和其他传统方法,跟踪监测了2个水体内2种常见水生净化植物粉绿狐尾藻(Myriophyllum aquaticum)、喜旱莲子草(A...选取宁波市城区内河2个营养类型水体日湖(中-富营养类型)和卧彩江(重富营养类型),于2008年8～11月,利用MIDI Sherlock MIS系统和其他传统方法,跟踪监测了2个水体内2种常见水生净化植物粉绿狐尾藻(Myriophyllum aquaticum)、喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)根际微生物的种类、数量及其季节变化,分析了水体主要水质参数、水体微生物与植物根际微生物之间的相关性.结果表明,水生植物根际效应显著,不同月份植物根际微生物数量均要显著高于水体环境;植物种类对植物根际微生物影响显著,在日湖水体,狐尾藻根际微生物数量要显著高于喜旱莲子草;在卧彩江,2种植物根际细菌数量无显著差异,放线菌、真菌数量差异显著,植物根际微生物数量与水体环境因子之间具有一定的相关性,调查期间,日湖水温、TN、TP、Chla与植物根际微生物数量间均无显著相关,仅COD与喜旱莲子草根际细菌数量显著负相关;在卧彩江,TP与粉绿狐尾藻、喜旱莲子草根际放线菌数量显著负相关,其余水质参数与根际微生物数量均无显著相关.植物根际优势菌种以假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)等有机物降解微生物为主,环境因素的变化和植物种类的不同也导致了葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus),食酸菌属(Acidovorax)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)等特有菌种的出现.对植物根际微生物群落结构进行聚类分析表明,除日湖喜旱莲子草根际微生物群落结构在夏、秋两个季节相似性较高外,其余几个处理的根际微生物群落结构相似性在21.60%～51.57%.日湖植物根际微生物多样性夏季高于秋季,而卧彩江中夏季低于秋季;日湖中2种植物之间无论夏秋均无显著差异,而在卧彩江,夏季喜旱莲子草要显著高于粉绿狐尾藻,秋季则完全相反,据此说明植物根际微生物多样性受水体富营养化程度和植物种类等多重因素的影响.展开更多
Aim To provide a rapid and reliable method for identifying the fork medicine Stellaria media （Linn. ） Cyr. （Herba Stellariae mediae） （Caryophyllaceae） from its adulterant Myosoton aquaticure （L.） Fries （Herba...Aim To provide a rapid and reliable method for identifying the fork medicine Stellaria media （Linn. ） Cyr. （Herba Stellariae mediae） （Caryophyllaceae） from its adulterant Myosoton aquaticure （L.） Fries （Herba Myosoti aquatici） （Caryophyllaceae） by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） technology. Methods A molecular genetic approach has been developed to identify S. media for the first time. 5S-rRNA spacer domain was amplified by PCR from the isolated genomic DNA, and the PCR products were then sequenced. Results The nucleotide sequences of S. media and M. aquaticum were measured to determine their identity. Furthermore, the nucleotide sequences of three Stellaria species, S. vestita, S. longifolia and S. radians, were also measured for the sake of providing the evidence of the biological phylogeny of SteUaria. Diversity between DNA sequence and restriction enzyme mapping among a variety of the species was found in their 5S-rRNA spacer domains. Conclusion The 5S-rRNA spacer domains can be used as a molecular marker for differentiating S. media from M. aquaticum and in phylogenetie studies of Stellaria.展开更多
基金Supported by Open Fund Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(15K067)Hunan Graduate Research Innovation Project(CX2018B801)
文摘In this experiment,the effects of 13 kinds of herbicides( or mixtures) on the control of two kinds of weeds were studied by pot cultivation with the broadleaf weed Malachium aquaticum L. and Gramineae weed Poa annua L. as the materials. The results showed that the herbicide MCPA-Na had the best and fastest control effect on M. aquaticum L.,and all the M. aquaticum L. died 7 d after treatment;it was followed by the other four herbicides including MCPA-Na + clethodim,MCPA-Na + quizalofop-p-ethyl,bentazon and nicosulfuron·atrazine,and all the M. aquaticum L. died 14 d after treatment. Atrazine was the best herbicide to control Gramineae weeds,followed by nicosulfuron·atrazine,and mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine. The study on the application of field herbicide found that four herbicides including atrazine,mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine,nicosulfuron·atrazine and bentazon had better control effect on weeds. The best herbicide for flax field was MCPA-Na + clethodim,followed by MCPA-Na and MCPA-Na + quizalofop-p-ethyl. The optimized herbicides and combinations had no harmful effects on the growth of corn and flax.
文摘选取宁波市城区内河2个营养类型水体日湖(中-富营养类型)和卧彩江(重富营养类型),于2008年8～11月,利用MIDI Sherlock MIS系统和其他传统方法,跟踪监测了2个水体内2种常见水生净化植物粉绿狐尾藻(Myriophyllum aquaticum)、喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)根际微生物的种类、数量及其季节变化,分析了水体主要水质参数、水体微生物与植物根际微生物之间的相关性.结果表明,水生植物根际效应显著,不同月份植物根际微生物数量均要显著高于水体环境;植物种类对植物根际微生物影响显著,在日湖水体,狐尾藻根际微生物数量要显著高于喜旱莲子草;在卧彩江,2种植物根际细菌数量无显著差异,放线菌、真菌数量差异显著,植物根际微生物数量与水体环境因子之间具有一定的相关性,调查期间,日湖水温、TN、TP、Chla与植物根际微生物数量间均无显著相关,仅COD与喜旱莲子草根际细菌数量显著负相关;在卧彩江,TP与粉绿狐尾藻、喜旱莲子草根际放线菌数量显著负相关,其余水质参数与根际微生物数量均无显著相关.植物根际优势菌种以假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)等有机物降解微生物为主,环境因素的变化和植物种类的不同也导致了葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus),食酸菌属(Acidovorax)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)等特有菌种的出现.对植物根际微生物群落结构进行聚类分析表明,除日湖喜旱莲子草根际微生物群落结构在夏、秋两个季节相似性较高外,其余几个处理的根际微生物群落结构相似性在21.60%～51.57%.日湖植物根际微生物多样性夏季高于秋季,而卧彩江中夏季低于秋季;日湖中2种植物之间无论夏秋均无显著差异,而在卧彩江,夏季喜旱莲子草要显著高于粉绿狐尾藻,秋季则完全相反,据此说明植物根际微生物多样性受水体富营养化程度和植物种类等多重因素的影响.
文摘Aim To provide a rapid and reliable method for identifying the fork medicine Stellaria media （Linn. ） Cyr. （Herba Stellariae mediae） （Caryophyllaceae） from its adulterant Myosoton aquaticure （L.） Fries （Herba Myosoti aquatici） （Caryophyllaceae） by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） technology. Methods A molecular genetic approach has been developed to identify S. media for the first time. 5S-rRNA spacer domain was amplified by PCR from the isolated genomic DNA, and the PCR products were then sequenced. Results The nucleotide sequences of S. media and M. aquaticum were measured to determine their identity. Furthermore, the nucleotide sequences of three Stellaria species, S. vestita, S. longifolia and S. radians, were also measured for the sake of providing the evidence of the biological phylogeny of SteUaria. Diversity between DNA sequence and restriction enzyme mapping among a variety of the species was found in their 5S-rRNA spacer domains. Conclusion The 5S-rRNA spacer domains can be used as a molecular marker for differentiating S. media from M. aquaticum and in phylogenetie studies of Stellaria.
