The impact toughness and compressive strength of concrete added with calcium carbonate whisker are studied.It is found that calcium carbonate whisker can significantly improve the impact energy consumption at failure ...The impact toughness and compressive strength of concrete added with calcium carbonate whisker are studied.It is found that calcium carbonate whisker can significantly improve the impact energy consumption at failure of 55℃steam cured concrete,but has limited impact on 90℃steam cured concrete.At the same time,SEM,XRD and LF-NMR were used to study the micro morphology,hydration product components and pore structure of the concrete,and the mechanism of the influence of calcium carbonate whisker on the impact toughness and compressive strength of concrete was analyzed.展开更多
Highly oriented calcium carbonate lamellas are exquisite structure produced by biomineralization. Strategies mimicking nature have been developed to synthesize inorganic materials with excellent structures and optimal...Highly oriented calcium carbonate lamellas are exquisite structure produced by biomineralization. Strategies mimicking nature have been developed to synthesize inorganic materials with excellent structures and optimal properties. In our strategy, egg white protein and zinc ion were employed in the solution to induce the crystallization of calcium carbonate, resulting in the macroscopic aragonite laminate with an average length of 1.5 mm, which was comprised of single-crystalline tablets. During the crystallization at initial stage, it was found that the particles displayed the characteristics of amorphous calcium carbonate, which was then transformed into the sophisticated structured aragonite through a multistage assembly process. The rebuilt nacre structure in vitro was achieved owing to the synergistic effects of egg white protein and zinc ion.展开更多
A copper-zinc alloy doped with rare earth elements was prepared and the mechanism was demonstrated in a simulating boiler and circulating cooling water with rigidity 1 mmol·L-1. The polar curve and scale inhibiti...A copper-zinc alloy doped with rare earth elements was prepared and the mechanism was demonstrated in a simulating boiler and circulating cooling water with rigidity 1 mmol·L-1. The polar curve and scale inhibiting ability of the alloy was tested by a corrosion measurement system and a scale inhibition evaluation system, respectively. Scale samples were characterized with SEM and XRD. It is found that the transfer of cations could be promoted by doping with proper rare earth elements, and the corrosion potentials descend by 25～126 mV. The results indicated that the copper-zinc alloy doped with rare earth elements has higher scale inhibiting ability of CaCO3. The growth of calcite was affected by zinc ions dissolved because of primary battery reaction, and the transition of calcium carbonate from aragonite to calcite was hampered resulting in the proportion of aragonite to calcite is changed from 1.7∶1 to 2.7∶1.展开更多
Butterfly-like calcium carbonate（CaCO3） particles were successfully prepared via a facile precipitation reaction of Na2CO3 with CaCI2 in the presence of sodium polyacrylate（PAAS）. The as-prepared samples were cha-...Butterfly-like calcium carbonate（CaCO3） particles were successfully prepared via a facile precipitation reaction of Na2CO3 with CaCI2 in the presence of sodium polyacrylate（PAAS）. The as-prepared samples were cha- racterized with field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）. Butterfly-like CaCO3 particles composed of three segment rods were obtained. Rod aggregates would act as the template for butterfly-like CaCO3 crystals consisted of regular shaped crystallites with 150--200 nm in diameter. The influences of reaction temperature, the amount of PAAS and reaction time on the nucleation and growth of CaCO3 crystals were investigated. The possible growth mechanism of CaCO3 crystals was discussed. This research can not onty make us further understand the general principles of the reaction, but also open up a new avenue of industrial production of CaCO3 particles with exquisite and unique morphologies.展开更多
To probe the scale inhibition mechanisms,calcium carbonate scale occurring before and after the ad- dition of scale inhibitors was collected.The results from scale SEM confirm that,without scale inhibitor, calcium car...To probe the scale inhibition mechanisms,calcium carbonate scale occurring before and after the ad- dition of scale inhibitors was collected.The results from scale SEM confirm that,without scale inhibitor, calcium carbonate scale shows rhombohedron and hexagon,which are the characteristic feathers of calcite.After addition of inhibitors,morphology of scale is changed,and the more efficient the scale inhibitor is,the more greatly the morphology is modified.To elucidate the scale constitute,they were further analyzed by FT-IR,XRD.Besides calcite,vaterite and aragonite occur in calcium carbonate scale after addition of inhibitors,and the higher scale inhibition efficiency is,the more vaterite presents in scale.It can be concluded that the alteration of morphology is ascribed to the change of crystal form. There are three stages in the crystallizing process including occurrence and disappearing of unstable phase,occurrence and disappearing of metastable phase,development of stable phase.Without scale inhibitors,metastable phases usually transform into stable phase,thus the main constitute of formed scale is calcite.When scale inhibitors are added,both formation and transformation of metastable phases are inhibited,which results in the occurrence of aragonite and vaterite.From the fact that more vaterite presents in scale with a more efficient scale inhibitor added,we can see that the function of scale inhibitor is realized mainly by controlling the crystallizing process at the second stage.展开更多
In this work, we test the hypothesis that the Mg2+content in biogenic aragonite has a systematic relationship with biomolecules. A series of biomimetic experiments were conducted to show the dependence of Mg2+in arago...In this work, we test the hypothesis that the Mg2+content in biogenic aragonite has a systematic relationship with biomolecules. A series of biomimetic experiments were conducted to show the dependence of Mg2+in aragonite on the model organic molecules added to the mineralizing solution, including the concentration of various organics, mineralization temperature, Mg/Ca ratio and Mg2+initial concentration. The mineralized products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES). High Mg2+is detected in aragonite obtained in the presence of organics, whereas the lowest Mg2+is measured in aragonite without organics. Moreover, the concentration of Mg2+in aragonite increases gradually with the amended organics. Mg K-edge NEXAFS spectra show that the magnesium microenvironment in aragonite is similar to the organic-associated environment, indicating that the Mg2+ions are not on the aragonite lattices, but adhere to the intracrystalline organics. Furthermore, the mineralization temperature, Mg/Ca ratio and Mg2+content in mineralization medium significantly influence Mg2+content in aragonite, reiterating the effect of the microenvironment on aragonite biomineralization.展开更多
基金Funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017 YFB0310001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51772226 and 51972249)。
文摘The impact toughness and compressive strength of concrete added with calcium carbonate whisker are studied.It is found that calcium carbonate whisker can significantly improve the impact energy consumption at failure of 55℃steam cured concrete,but has limited impact on 90℃steam cured concrete.At the same time,SEM,XRD and LF-NMR were used to study the micro morphology,hydration product components and pore structure of the concrete,and the mechanism of the influence of calcium carbonate whisker on the impact toughness and compressive strength of concrete was analyzed.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51161140399)
文摘Highly oriented calcium carbonate lamellas are exquisite structure produced by biomineralization. Strategies mimicking nature have been developed to synthesize inorganic materials with excellent structures and optimal properties. In our strategy, egg white protein and zinc ion were employed in the solution to induce the crystallization of calcium carbonate, resulting in the macroscopic aragonite laminate with an average length of 1.5 mm, which was comprised of single-crystalline tablets. During the crystallization at initial stage, it was found that the particles displayed the characteristics of amorphous calcium carbonate, which was then transformed into the sophisticated structured aragonite through a multistage assembly process. The rebuilt nacre structure in vitro was achieved owing to the synergistic effects of egg white protein and zinc ion.
基金Key Technologies R&D Program of Tianjin (06YFGZGX02400)
文摘A copper-zinc alloy doped with rare earth elements was prepared and the mechanism was demonstrated in a simulating boiler and circulating cooling water with rigidity 1 mmol·L-1. The polar curve and scale inhibiting ability of the alloy was tested by a corrosion measurement system and a scale inhibition evaluation system, respectively. Scale samples were characterized with SEM and XRD. It is found that the transfer of cations could be promoted by doping with proper rare earth elements, and the corrosion potentials descend by 25～126 mV. The results indicated that the copper-zinc alloy doped with rare earth elements has higher scale inhibiting ability of CaCO3. The growth of calcite was affected by zinc ions dissolved because of primary battery reaction, and the transition of calcium carbonate from aragonite to calcite was hampered resulting in the proportion of aragonite to calcite is changed from 1.7∶1 to 2.7∶1.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（No.21077041）, ＂the Twelfth Five＂ Science Technology Research of Jilin Education Hall, China（No.2013[204]） and the Scientific Research Innovation Plan for Young Talented Person of Jilin Normal University, China（No.2011 [05]）.
文摘Butterfly-like calcium carbonate（CaCO3） particles were successfully prepared via a facile precipitation reaction of Na2CO3 with CaCI2 in the presence of sodium polyacrylate（PAAS）. The as-prepared samples were cha- racterized with field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）. Butterfly-like CaCO3 particles composed of three segment rods were obtained. Rod aggregates would act as the template for butterfly-like CaCO3 crystals consisted of regular shaped crystallites with 150--200 nm in diameter. The influences of reaction temperature, the amount of PAAS and reaction time on the nucleation and growth of CaCO3 crystals were investigated. The possible growth mechanism of CaCO3 crystals was discussed. This research can not onty make us further understand the general principles of the reaction, but also open up a new avenue of industrial production of CaCO3 particles with exquisite and unique morphologies.
文摘To probe the scale inhibition mechanisms,calcium carbonate scale occurring before and after the ad- dition of scale inhibitors was collected.The results from scale SEM confirm that,without scale inhibitor, calcium carbonate scale shows rhombohedron and hexagon,which are the characteristic feathers of calcite.After addition of inhibitors,morphology of scale is changed,and the more efficient the scale inhibitor is,the more greatly the morphology is modified.To elucidate the scale constitute,they were further analyzed by FT-IR,XRD.Besides calcite,vaterite and aragonite occur in calcium carbonate scale after addition of inhibitors,and the higher scale inhibition efficiency is,the more vaterite presents in scale.It can be concluded that the alteration of morphology is ascribed to the change of crystal form. There are three stages in the crystallizing process including occurrence and disappearing of unstable phase,occurrence and disappearing of metastable phase,development of stable phase.Without scale inhibitors,metastable phases usually transform into stable phase,thus the main constitute of formed scale is calcite.When scale inhibitors are added,both formation and transformation of metastable phases are inhibited,which results in the occurrence of aragonite and vaterite.From the fact that more vaterite presents in scale with a more efficient scale inhibitor added,we can see that the function of scale inhibitor is realized mainly by controlling the crystallizing process at the second stage.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41272054 and41372053)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(Grant No.20133402130007)
文摘In this work, we test the hypothesis that the Mg2+content in biogenic aragonite has a systematic relationship with biomolecules. A series of biomimetic experiments were conducted to show the dependence of Mg2+in aragonite on the model organic molecules added to the mineralizing solution, including the concentration of various organics, mineralization temperature, Mg/Ca ratio and Mg2+initial concentration. The mineralized products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES). High Mg2+is detected in aragonite obtained in the presence of organics, whereas the lowest Mg2+is measured in aragonite without organics. Moreover, the concentration of Mg2+in aragonite increases gradually with the amended organics. Mg K-edge NEXAFS spectra show that the magnesium microenvironment in aragonite is similar to the organic-associated environment, indicating that the Mg2+ions are not on the aragonite lattices, but adhere to the intracrystalline organics. Furthermore, the mineralization temperature, Mg/Ca ratio and Mg2+content in mineralization medium significantly influence Mg2+content in aragonite, reiterating the effect of the microenvironment on aragonite biomineralization.
