Comparison between open phase fault of arc suppression coil and single phase to earth fault in coal mine distribution network

When, in a coal mine distribution network whose neutral point is grounded by an arc suppression coil (ASC), a fault occurs in the ASC, compensation cannot be properly realized. Furthermore, it can damage the safe and reliable run of the network. We first introduce a three-phase five-column arc suppression coil (TPFCASC) and discuss its autotracking compensation theory. Then we compare the single phase to ground fault of the coal mine distribution network with an open phase fault at the TPFCASC using the Thévenin theory, the symmetrical-component method and the complex sequence network respectively. The results show that, in both types of faults, zero-sequence voltage of the network will appear and the maximum magnitude of this zero-sequence voltage is different in both faults. Based on this situation, a protection for the open phase fault at the TPFCASC should be estab-lished.

Application of DC component to select fault branch in arc suppression coil grounding system

When single phase earth fault occurs in the arc suppression coil grounding system, the amplitude of the transient capacitance current is high and decays fast, but the attenuation of the transient inductance current is much slower. This paper analyses the DC component of fault branch, and has found it is much bigger than that of the normal branches in transient state. All the simulation results obtained from three compensation types, different fault time and different wave cycles show that the DC component of fault branch is much higher than that of those normal branches. These results verify the effectiveness of taking the DC component as the method of fault line selection in the arc suppression coil grounding system.

A novel cascaded H-bridge photovoltaic inverter with flexible arc suppression function

This paper presents a novel approach that simultaneously enables photovoltaic(PV)inversion and flexible arc suppression during single-phase grounding faults.Inverters compensate for ground currents through an arc-elimination function,while outputting a PV direct current(DC)power supply.This method effectively reduces the residual grounding current.To reduce the dependence of the arc-suppression performance on accurate compensation current-injection models,an adaptive fuzzy neural network imitating a sliding mode controller was designed.An online adaptive adjustment law for network parameters was developed,based on the Lyapunov stability theorem,to improve the robustness of the inverter to fault and connection locations.Furthermore,a new arc-suppression control exit strategy is proposed to allow a zerosequence voltage amplitude to quickly and smoothly track a target value by controlling the nonlinear decrease in current and reducing the regulation time.Simulation results showed that the proposed method can effectively achieve fast arc suppression and reduce the fault impact current in single-phase grounding faults.Compared to other methods,the proposed method can generate a lower residual grounding current and maintain good arc-suppression performance under different transition resistances and fault locations.

The Research on Neutral Grounding Scheme of Fengxian 35kV and 10 kV Power Grid

Combined with actual situation of Fengxian power Supply Company, the neutral grounding modes of Fengxian 35 kV and 10 kV power grid are studied in the paper. The different frequencies injected method is used to measure the capacitive current of Fengxian 28 substations, and the neutral grounding modes of the 28 substations are determined based on the measured values of capacitive current.

An optimization method for passive muzzle arc control devices in augmented railguns

In this paper,a passive muzzle arc control device(PMACD)of the augmented railguns is studied.By discussing its performance at different numbers of extra rails,a parameter optimization model is proposed.Through the calculation model,it is found that the PMACD works well in the simple railgun,which refers to the gun that there is only one pair of rails in the inner bore.The PMACD may decrease the simple railgun’s armature peak current and muzzle arc,but affect its muzzle velocity not much.However,in the augmented railguns it has different characteristics.If the parameters of the PMACD are not selected suitable.It may increase the armature peak current and muzzle arc,but greatly decrease the velocity.The reason for this problem is that the extra rails generate a strong magnetic field in front of the armature,which induces a large current to change the armature current.It is also found that when the resistance and inductance parameters of the PMACD satisfy with the optimization formula,the PMACD can also play a good role in arc suppression in the augmented railguns.Experiments of an augmented railgun with a stainless steel PMACD are carried out to verify this optimization method.Results show that the muzzle arc is obviously controlled.This work may provide a reference for the design of the muzzle arc control device.

风电场集电线路单相接地故障柔性电压消弧与动态保护新原理

为解决风电场集电系统长期存在的线路单相接地故障处理难题,提出风电场中性点柔性接地方式,理论推导获得柔性接地风电场三序等效电路,与集电线路单相接地故障复合序网模型,建立风电场零序电压柔性调控理论,提出集电线路单相接地故障柔性电压消弧方法,可主动将故障点电压及故障残流迅速抑制到零,实现单相接地故障电弧的可靠消除。进一步提出基于零序电流动态增量的高阻故障辨识与保护方法,通过柔性调控零序补偿电流,逐渐放大故障残流,实现永久性单相接地故障的灵敏感知与保护。利用PSCAD/EMTDC搭建含双馈异步风电机(doubly-fedinduction generator,DFIG)的规模化风电场模型,模拟多种运行与故障条件对所提方法进行验证,仿真结果表明,该方法能够在考虑系统不平衡电压的情况下精准调控集电线路故障点电压,实现瞬时性单相接地故障快速可靠消弧,动态感知并持续抑制永久性单相接地故障残流,实现集电线路高阻接地故障的灵敏保护。该技术有望提升风电场运行灵活性与故障防御能力,有力保障新能源电能外送的持续性、可靠性。

Control method based on DRFNN sliding mode for multifunctional flexible multistate switch

To address the low accuracy and stability when applying classical control theory in distribution networks with distributed generation,a control method involving flexible multistate switches(FMSs)is proposed in this study.This approach is based on an improved double-loop recursive fuzzy neural network(DRFNN)sliding mode,which is intended to stably achieve multiterminal power interaction and adaptive arc suppression for single-phase ground faults.First,an improved DRFNN sliding mode control(SMC)method is proposed to overcome the chattering and transient overshoot inherent in the classical SMC and reduce the reliance on a precise mathematical model of the control system.To improve the robustness of the system,an adaptive parameter-adjustment strategy for the DRFNN is designed,where its dynamic mapping capabilities are leveraged to improve the transient compensation control.Additionally,a quasi-continuous second-order sliding mode controller with a calculus-driven sliding mode surface is developed to improve the current monitoring accuracy and enhance the system stability.The stability of the proposed method and the convergence of the network parameters are verified using the Lyapunov theorem.A simulation model of the three-port FMS with its control system is constructed in MATLAB/Simulink.The simulation result confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy based on a comparative analysis.

Simulation and experimental research on methods to suppress ferroresonance in potential transformers

Ferroresonance in distribution networks is usually hard to be identified and predicted because it is nonlinear and dependent on multiple factors and conditions.This study discusses different common antiferroresonance methods by numerical simulations and experimental tests.In order to study the reliability of the anti-ferroresonance measures,a 10 kV ferroresonance testing system was setup.Then a number of simulations and experiments were carried out to show the ferroresonance phenomena initiated by single-phase grounding faults and/or single-phase disconnection faults.In addition,potential transformer models with the characteristic of non-linear magnetic excitation were developed and used in PSCAD-based simulation studies.These studies investigated the performance of primary resonance eliminators and arc suppression coils on restraining the ferroresonance under multiple power system parameters and initialisations.In addition,a joint anti-ferroresonance method is proposed and verified.The simulation and experimental studies can provide guidelines for evaluating the anti-ferroresonance methods in distribution networks.

融合灭弧信息的有源串联接地配电网故障检测方法

为了优化有源全补偿消弧设备和挖掘灭弧状态信息包含的故障特征,该文提出基于串联分压的配电网消弧原理及融合灭弧状态信息的接地故障检测方法。提出采用单个H桥变流器与消弧线圈串联的有源降压消弧全补偿方法和灵活接入保护电容的有源消弧装置保护方案,在消弧原理与控制、设备承压与安全、功率输出与过压防护等方面表现出良好性能。提出融合有源降压消弧全补偿“伪正常”状态信息的接地故障检测方法,利用系统正常-故障-灭弧3种状态信息构造故障检测判据,在免受过渡电阻和分布参数不对称影响的基础上优化故障检测方式和提高故障检测效率,无需线路间信息的横向比较即可实现系统全域零序导纳测量、故障馈线独立判别和故障程度跟踪识别。仿真实验证实了方法的有效性,为优化配电网有源消弧和接地故障检测提供创新方案。

高压SF_(6)断路器电流零区测量研究综述

电流零区测量对标定评价断路器开断性能、改进断路器结构设计至关重要,设计一套高精度、便携、可靠、安全的零区测量系统一直是行业的追求,国内外研究者在测量方法和测量装置研制方面做了很多创新性工作。从高压断路器灭弧原理出发,梳理提出了零区测量的难点和关键点,综述了国内外研究者提出的测量方案及效果。综合考虑多维度产业需求,研制了一套便携性和动态特性好的零区测量系统,并在实际断路器产品试验中进行了验证。结果表明:该系统抗干扰性和重复性好,能够满足产品研发需求。结合零区测量系统研究及使用经验,提出了零区测量系统的未来展望,为后续交直流开关的研发提供参考。

基于差分结构的地面核磁共振数据噪声压制技术

地面核磁共振(surface nuclear magnetic resonance,SNMR)技术是一种可直接定性定量探测地下水的非侵害式地球物理方法,已广泛应用于资源勘探、地质灾害预警和环境检测等方面。但在实际应用中,复杂的环境噪声导致微弱的SNMR信号常常被淹没,很难获取有效的SNMR信号。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于差分结构的SNMR数据噪声压制技术,采用两个接收线圈等距设置在发射线圈上下位置。这种分布可以实时抵消大部分环境噪声以及消除收发线圈耦合影响。理论建模和仿真结果验证了新方法能够有效压制噪声,并可靠获取到早期自由感应衰减(free induction decay,FID)信号。

故障相桥臂转移接地消弧装置直流侧电压控制方法

为解决传统三相直挂式柔性消弧装置非故障相桥臂承担线电压的问题,提出一种故障相桥臂转移接地的消弧方法。该方法通过开关控制故障相桥臂转移接地,母线电压由故障相桥臂与非故障相桥臂共同承担,三相桥臂共同输出电流,以实现消弧。针对级联H桥直流侧需独立供电的问题,提出分布式电压平衡换流调制方法。该调制方法根据H桥输出状态和电流方向对直流侧电容充放电的影响,有选择地改变H桥的输出状态,进而实现直流侧电压的稳定。使用该调制方法的消弧装置无须在直流侧配备独立供电电源,在消弧过程中能保持H桥直流侧电压稳定。最后,采用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件对所提方法进行验证,仿真结果证明了所提方法的有效性。

基于改进TS模糊的直流电弧炉闪变抑制优化

为提高静止无功补偿器(static var compensator,SVC)应对直流电弧炉等冲击性负载的闪变抑制性能,文中在改进Takagi-Sugeno(TS)模糊算法的基础上,提出一种SVC滚动预测控制方法。首先,建立直流电弧炉电气模型并仿真分析其无功特性;然后,针对经典TS模糊预测算法应用于波动负荷时出现的输出异常置0情况,提出一种范围自适应修正的改进方法,该方法能消除一类算法应用机理导致的异常值,从而提高TS模糊算法对波动负荷无功功率预测的可靠性和准确性;最后,基于模型训练时间约束,建立无功功率半周期滚动预测控制模型,提前10 ms预测无功功率,改善了SVC传统控制系统响应的滞后特性。仿真结果表明,相比于SVC传统控制方法,所提方法的平均闪变改善率提高了54.17%,验证了所提方法对闪变现象的抑制效果提升显著。

大型发电机定子接地故障柔性融合消弧方法

大型发电机发生定子单相接地故障可能会产生电弧,导致铁心烧损,甚至引发火灾等严重事故,提出一种柔性融合消弧方法,通过并行控制中性点电压和变流器注入电流,实现接地故障电流抑制和可靠消弧。现有发电机定子单相接地柔性消弧方法在低阻或高阻的情况下消弧效果不佳,所提方法考虑了发电机的定子阻抗和定子并联分支数,适用于不同的发电机,在不同接地故障过渡电阻、不同故障位置等情况下,均能够将接地故障电流快速抑制到安全范围内。Matlab/Simulink仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。

高速列车过绝缘节轮轨间拉弧机理分析及抑制

随着高速铁路运营密度、运行速度和牵引功率的不断提升,车辆移动回流系统与轨道固定回流系统耦合复杂造成过绝缘节时绝缘节间拉弧频发,电弧侵蚀绝缘节,导致轨道电路串接、串码等故障,严重威胁行车安全。围绕高速列车过钢轨绝缘节时车轨间回流耦合引起的绝缘节间拉弧问题开展研究,解析轮对接近、跨接、驶离绝缘节时回流途径拓扑结构及阻抗的动态变化过程,基于牵引系统的实采阻抗参数构建“车-轨”移动接地系统三维等效电路模型,解析列车各轮对滚动过绝缘节各接地轮轴回流路径及大小的动态变化规律。基于系统实际结构参数构建“转向架-钢轨”3D多物理场耦合模型,揭示回流耦合作用下的轮轨燃弧动态演化规律,探明接地电流、钢轨端压等因素对绝缘节间拉弧的影响机制。同时提出一种新型绝缘节间拉弧抑制装置,仿真分析抑制效果。

基于递归径向基神经网络滑模的多功能柔性多状态开关控制方法

近年来,新能源和电动汽车的渗透比例逐渐增高,给配电网的潮流优化和电能质量治理带来严峻挑战。针对分布式电源的随机性和间歇性问题,设计一种基于递归径向基神经网络(RRBFNN)滑模的多功能柔性多状态开关(FMS)控制方法,在实现功率交互和多端单相接地故障柔性消弧的同时,增强FMS的抗扰能力。首先考虑扰动的影响,设计一种改进RRBFNN滑模控制方法,以克服传统滑模控制固有的抖振现象和对系统精确数学模型的依赖,并减小并网暂态冲击;柔性消弧控制采用微积分型滑模面,理论推导出0轴电压控制律,提高故障电流抑制率;进一步通过李雅普诺夫定理证明所设计方法的稳定性和收敛性。最后,在Matlab/Simulink中搭建三端口FMS及其控制系统的仿真模型,通过对比仿真验证了所提策略的可行性和有效性。

一种兼具配电网单相接地故障调控的多端口能量路由器

能量路由器是能源互联网领域的核心设备,其电路拓扑能够实现新能源、储能、各类负荷的统一分配。目前,能量路由器缺乏配电网故障恢复能力。该文提出一种实现故障调控与新能源消纳的多端口能量路由器(multi‐port energy router,MP‐ER)。首先,介绍MP‐ER拓扑及原理,根据MP‐ER整体结构,提出以直流母线电压为主信号,各个端口分散控制的控制策略;其次,通过直流母线电压及配电网零序电压情况,将MP‐ER工作模式分为正常模式和故障柔性消弧两种模式,在所提的控制策略下,实现各模态内的稳定、高效运行;最后,针对连接的微网、配电网系统,利用MATLAB数值软件,对该模型进行仿真并验证该文提出的拓扑结构功能的合理性。该研究为能量路由器的研究提出一种新的拓扑结构和模型。

基于S变换相关度的配电网单相接地自适应有源消弧法

提出了基于S变换相关度的配电网单向接地自适应有源消弧法,有效消除了配电网单相接地故障电弧,提升了电力系统稳定性。采集配电网线路零序电流时序数据,经S变换获取零序电流时频信息矩阵后,计算并获取各线路间时频信息矩阵相关度矩阵,输入卷积神经网络模型,输出单相接地故障选线结果;在故障线路采用基于模糊准PR与PI控制的双闭环自适应控制方法,向配电网故障线路中性点注入零序电流,有效控制注入电流相位以及幅值,迫使配电网故障线路所在相的电压值为0,完成自适应有源消弧。实验结果表明:该方法可有效识别配电网单相接地故障线路,实现配电网单相接地自适应有源消弧,且可尽快完成单相接地自适应有源消弧工作,保证配电网安全稳定运行。

可抑制故障电流中谐波分量的新型消弧线圈设计

针对当前的有源消弧方法因谐波电流检测精度不足而效果较差,以及传统消弧线圈在谐波影响下容易导致消弧失败的问题,设计了一种无须谐波检测便可有效抑制故障点残流中谐波分量的新型消弧线圈。该消弧线圈由逆变器并联传统消弧线圈构成,其中逆变器的指令电压根据中性点电位进行调整,可使逆变器支路不产生基波电流;逆变器的低谐波阻抗特性可有效降低故障点残流中的谐波分量;同时传统消弧线圈过补偿可抵消电容电流。经过Matlab和PSCAD/EMTDC(power systems computer aided design/electromagnetic transients including direct current)仿真,结果显示新型消弧线圈将故障点处的5次谐波、7次谐波分别由25.62、65.85 A降低到了0.11、0.57 A,能够实现可靠消弧。该研究在配电网消弧领域具有一定的应用前景。

10kV线路带电断和接电缆引线消弧开关绝缘引流线电流异常情况分析

随着城市建设发展和电网建设发展的需要,10 kV配电网电缆与架空线路混合的情况越来越普遍,通过配电网不停电作业方式对架空线路和电缆线路实施不停电作业在技术上已经成为主流作业方式。带电断、接电缆引线的情况也比较常见,分析了作业中存在的问题和现象。