Assessing the Impact of Industrial Zones on the Environmental Pollution in Hai Phong’s Coastal Areas, Vietnam

Pollution in the coastal areas negatively affects biochemical indicators of seawater, human health and marine organisms. Hai Phong is a coastal city of Vietnam with the development of socio-economic activities, representing through an increasing number of industrial zones. This study is to evaluate the pollution of large industrial zones in Hai Phong city using numerical models. The numerical simulation (MIKE 21 SW, FM, ECO Lab) models were applied to simulate the wave propagation, hydraulic regime, water quality in coastal Hai Phong area. The MIKE 21 ECO Lab model was used to evaluate sources of waste from the large coastal industrial zones to some aquaculture zones. The calibration and validation results of wave propagation and the hydrodynamic models were resonably good, with Nash coefficient ranging from 0.65 to 0.90 and a percent bias (PBIAS) from 5.6% to 9.4%. The simulation results of water quality and concentration of pollutants (DO, BOD5, COD, TSS, Fe, and Coliform) in 2023 at the aquaculture locations show that the BOD5, COD, and TSS concentrations were higher than the allowable limits stated in the national technical regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08:2023/BTNMT) and lower than the allowable limits stated in the national technical regulation on marine water quality (QCVN 10:2023/BTNMT). The outcomes of this study will provide more information to support managers to come up with a better socio-economic development plan for Hai Phong city to achieve sustainable development.

Zone,District,Region和Area的使用与翻译

Zone,district,region和area都有"地区、区域"的含义,但在使用和翻译时,它们有各自不同的语境和特点,使用大量通俗易懂的例句来说明"zone,district,region和area"在汉语中的正确使用和翻译。

Characteristics and origin of abnormally high porosity zones in buried Paleogene clastic reservoirs in the Shengtuo area, Dongying Sag, East China

There are three abnormally high porosity zones developed in buried Paleogene nearshore subaqueous fan and sublacustrine fan clastic＇reservoirs at 2,800-3,200 m, 3,250-3,700 m and 3,900- 4,400 m, respectively, within the Shengtuo area of the Dongying Sag. Here the porosity of reservoirs buried deeper than 4,000 m can still be greater than 20%. Investigation of these three abnormally high porosity （AHP） zones in the 3rd to 4th member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Shengtuo area was carried out with utilization of core observation, thin section identification, SEM observation, image analysis, core physical property testing and other technical methods. The results show that, the AHP zones in 2,800-3,200 m and 3,250-3,700 m are visible pores primary AHP zones dominated by significant primary intergranular pores （more than 50% of the total porosity）, while secondary pores and micropores in authigenic clays may develop in some reservoirs. AHP reservoirs in the AHP zone of 3,900-4,400 m are dominated by micropores in matrix, visible pores are mainly grain dissolution pores but with low absolute content （〈 1%）, so this zone belongs to the micropores primary AHP zone. The genesis of the three AHP zones was studied to distinguish between porosity enhancement and porosity preservation. Our research shows that, in deeply buried clastic reservoirs in the Shengtuo area, mineral dissolution occurred in a relatively closed diagenetic system with high temperature and high salinity. Reservoir rocks underwent extensive feldspar dissolution, while detrital carbonate grains and carbonate cements show no evidence of extensive dissolution. Although significant feldspar dissolution pores developed, feldspar dissolution enhanced porosity only a little due to the precipitation of almost isovolumetric dissolution products in the nearby primary intergranular pores in forms of authigenic clays and quartz cements. Net enhanced porosity originating from feldspar dissolution is generally less than 0.25%. Thus, the subsurface dissolution has little impact on the mid-deep buried high porosity reservoirs. Reservoirs in braided channels of middle fans in sublacustrine fans and reservoirs in the middle-front of fan bodies of nearshore subaqueous fans provide the basis for the development of AHP zones. The shallow development of fluid overpressure and early hydrocarbon emplacement have effectively retarded compaction and carbonate cementation, so that the high porosity in the superficial layers is preserved in the mid-deep layers. These are the main controlling factors in the development of AHP zones.

Ecological－breaking zone originates and its ecosystem reconstruction in aridarea

In the process of arid land exploitation, the landscape of desert is divided into three types. Oasis is rising,the area of uneffected area keeps its original state,the serious degenerated area where is only limited between oasis and desert, but not overall. Its relationship with the neighbor region, the zone of ecological-breaking region or ecological rift valley is not successive. . Its ecological effect endangered the arid land overall. Rehabilitating vegetation is the basic measure for abatement. The authors proposed a new tactics that based on the properties of vegetation. Depending on the local water sources and partly regulating the composition of environmental factor to satisfy the requirement of desert community, the rehabilitate vegetation should be realized.

The Evolution of Landscape Patterns of and Optimization Measures for Urban Core Areas Against the Background of Urbanization: A Case Study of Yangling Demonstration Zone

Studying the urban landscape pattern plays a crucial role in scientific land use and management and in improving the urban ecological environment. In this paper, Auto CAD, Arc GIS, Fragstats, and other software were used to analyze the data of the fourth phase of land use in the core area of Yangling Demonstration Zone. The results showed that:(1) in the core area, the percentage of construction land increased from 18.22% to 61.72%, and the percentage of agricultural land decreased from 58.36% to 11.14%. And the farm land was fragmented, and traffic connectivity was strengthened. The area of garden land was reduced from 251.89 hm2 to 50.38 hm2, and the landscape metric of forest land showed an inverted V-shaped curve.(2) The year 2009 in four phases witnessed the greatest landscape fragmentation, both Edge Density(ED) and Largest Patch Index(LPI) increased, and human interference enhanced the overall landscape complexity. Measures were formulated in terms of clear development goals, optimized al ocation of land resources, effective protection of ecological red lines, and definite ecological responsibility, so as to optimize the urban landscape pattern.

Study of the Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of the Soil of Limbita 1 in the Guinean Coastal Area

Limbita 1 is a hilltop settlement in the rural town of khorira, the district of Dubreka. It is a land of the locality commonly called “limbita quarry”, and widely converted by bricks manufacturers of Dubreka district and those of conakry area. However, no information about the characteristics of this land’s soil is yet available. The soil’s characteristics are then determined through the series of tests (granulometry, Atterberg limits, modified proctor, CBR, shear, odometric compressibility). These tests are carried out with samples derived from the site of Limbita within the area of Limbita 1. This work shows very consistent results that made it possible to deduce the very swelling nature of the soil.

Bidding Scheme Design of Central Recreational Area for Xiaogan Linkong Economic Zone

This paper elaborated the bidding scheme design of the Central Recreational Area in Linkong Economic Zone from the perspectives of site analysis, determination of properties, design theme and principle, scheme layout and conception, in order to explore the potential enlightenments of the scheme design process, and disclose significance of site analysis and its close relationship with the scheme design.

THE POSSIBILITIES AND REALITIES ON THE REMANAGEMENT OF DESERTIFIED LANDS IN THE TRANSITIONAL ZONE BETWEEN THE DRY-FARMING AREA AND THE GRAZING AREA IN NORTH CHINA

The desertification process is rapidly developing at present and 61.5% of the land area in the zone are already desertified.Among the desertified lands, 26.9% are seriously desertified, 25% most seriously desertified and 47.4% are the lands where desertification is under way. They are caused by over-reclamation for farming, over-grazing, unreasonable collection of firewood,the destruction of vegetation and the misuse of water resources. Under the ecological environment in semi-arid zone,the degraded environment process possesses the ability of restoring to its original status as soon as the interruption of excessive human activities are eliminated. The fencing- and-self-cultivating method is an effective measure adopted universally in semi-arid zone to cure the desertified lands.The desertified lands can be readjusted and controlled easily if other controlling measures are supplemented. The fundamental ways to control desertification are to utilize rationally the resources, to readjust the existing

Distributional characteristics and sources of elements in soil from typical area of Pearl River Delta economic zone, Guangdong Province, China

Dongguan City, located in the Pearl River Delta economic zone of China, is famous for its rapid developing township-enterprises in the past 30 years. A total of 759 composite soil samples, including 606 surface soil samples and 153 deep soil samples, have been collected in the city. These samples have been analyzed for 13elements(Al, As, Cu, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Si,and Zn) and other parameters(p H values and organic matter) to evaluate the influence of anthropic activities on the soil environmental quality and to identify the spatial distribution of heavy metals and their possible sources. The results indicate that the average concentrations of heavy metals in soil were significantly lower than the threshold of the second grade of the Soil Environment Quality Standard in China(GB15618-1995) and the soil environmental quality in this area is comparatively good. But in comparison with local soil geochemical baseline values, As,Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn have accumulated remarkably.Specifically, the average concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, and Hg in the small part samples of the west plain and central areas are higher than the national second-grade quality standard, indicating some level of contamination. Multivariate and geostatistical methods have been applied to differentiate the influences of natural processes and human activities on the concentration of heavy metals in surface soils in the study area. Cluster and factor analyses result in the grouping of Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Si into factor F1; Co, Mn, Pb, and Zn into F2; and Cd and Hg into F3.The spatial pattern of the three factors may be well demonstrated by geostatistical analysis. It is shown that the first factor could be considered as a natural source controlled by parent material. The second factor could be referred to as ‘‘industrial and traffic pollution sources' '. The source of the third factor is mainly controlled by long-term anthropic activities, including agricultural activities, fossil fuel consumption, and atmospheric deposition.

Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation along the fault intersection zone-a case study on the reef-flat systems of the No.1 slope break zone in the Tazhong area, Tarim Basin

Understanding hydrocarbon migration and accumulation mechanisms is one of the key scientif ic problems that should be solved for effective hydrocarbon exploration in the superimposed basins developed in northwest China. The northwest striking No.1 slope break zone, which is a representative of superimposed basins in the Tarim Basin, can be divided into five parts due to the intersection of the northeast strike-slip faults. Controlled by the tectonic framework, the types and properties of reservoirs and the hydrocarbon compositions can also be divided into five parts from east to west. Anomalies of all the parameters were found on the fault intersection zone and weakened up-dip along the structural ridge away from it. Thus, it can be inferred that the intersection zone is the hydrocarbon charging position. This new conclusion differs greatly from the traditional viewpoint, which believes that the hydrocarbon migrates and accumulates along the whole plane of the No.1 slope break zone. The viewpoint is further supported by the evidence from the theory of main pathway systems, obvious improvement of the reservoir quality （2-3 orders of magnitude at the intersection zone） and the formation mechanisms of the fault intersection zone. Differential hydrocarbon migration and entrapment exists in and around the strike- slip faults. This is controlled by the internal structure of faults. It is concluded that the more complicated the fault structure is, the more significant the effects will be. If there is a deformation band, it will hinder the cross fault migration due to the common feature of two to four orders of magnitude reduction in permeability. Otherwise, hydrocarbons tend to accumulate in the up-dip structure under the control of buoyancy. Further research on the internal fault structure should be emphasized.

云南省岩溶地区石漠化土地治理分区研究

根据云南省岩溶地区石漠化土地空间分布特征和各区域地质地貌、气候、水文、岩溶土壤和森林植被分布,结合碳酸盐岩的类型、岩性组合特征、不同岩溶地貌对区域环境和水土资源的制约、石漠化在不同地貌条件下的形成和发育特征,统筹考虑岩溶生态系统的完整性、地理单元的连续性和经济社会发展的可持续性等因素,将全省88个岩溶监测县划分为6个治理区,并就各分区地理区位、地质地貌、成土母岩、水文、气候类型、森林植被类型分布以及各石漠化区不同类型岩溶土地面积占比等进行描述。

Feasibility of Protection Zones for Water Resources in Arid Areas: Case Study;Duyuk Nueimah Shosa Springs, Jericho, Palestine

Urbanization and different human-economic activities put increasing pressure on the ground water quality, which is considered as the main drinking water resources in Palestine. Protecting the spring water resources in Palestine is one major issue for the continuity of the availability of the water resources. An economic feasibility study was conducted for the Nuewimah-Shosha-Dyuk spring system in order to assess the economical factor for the induced methodology of the protection zones. The spring system has multiple users from different sectors (i.e., domestic, agriculture, commercial and public use) and multi-year cost benefit analysis technique used to show the feasibility of water protection zones on the long run. The study shows that even in arid areas in Palestine, small quantities are derived from springs-implementation of water protection zones is still feasible;the results of this study emphasize on importance and feasibility of water resources protection zones.

跨境合作区的尺度重构与空间响应--以横琴为例

基于尺度重构理论,搭建尺度重构对空间影响的分析框架,并以横琴为例,从领域空间、制度建构、治理结构多维度协同入手,分析尺度重构不同阶段对空间的影响,探讨尺度不协调带来的空间治理问题以及尺度再重构下横琴空间规划响应的重点。研究认为,横琴空间演化的实质是通过尺度重构的渐进式调整、治理机制的优化来实现国家战略意图。在横琴新区建设时期,其多维度尺度关系相对复杂,存在领域空间模糊化、制度空间配置失衡、治理机制失效等问题;在横琴粤澳深度合作区建设时期,尺度再次上移,对领域空间、制度建构、治理结构进行了系统调整,尝试修正“尺度陷阱”问题。因此,在新一轮尺度重构下,横琴规划应当坚持制度设计的初心,创新空间标准,创建跨界包容共享的优质生活与就业场景,探索构建多元融合的“社会特区”。

考虑智能网联车辆影响的八车道高速公路施工区可变限速控制方法

为提升车联网环境下高速公路施工区交通运行效率及安全水平,提出了一种基于强化学习的可变限速控制方法.选取智能驾驶模型和真车试验模型,分别对传统人工车辆和智能网联车辆的跟驰行为进行建模,构建了以瓶颈下游路段交通流量为效率指标、瓶颈路段速度标准差为安全指标的复合奖励值,利用深度确定性策略梯度算法,分车道动态求解最佳限速值.仿真结果表明,所提可变限速控制方法在不同智能网联车辆渗漏率条件下均能有效提升交通流运行效率和安全水平,且在智能网联车辆渗漏率较低时,提升效果更加显著.当智能网联车辆渗漏率为1.0时,瓶颈下游路段交通流量提升10.1%,瓶颈路段速度标准差均值下降68.9%;当智能网联车辆渗漏率为0时,瓶颈下游路段交通流量提升20.7%,瓶颈路段速度标准差均值下降78.1%.智能网联车辆的引入能够提升至多52.0%的瓶颈下游路段交通流量.

鄂尔多斯盆地南部旬-宜探区深部煤层气成藏条件与勘探潜力

在充分调研国内深部煤层气勘探研究成果的基础上,依据鄂尔多斯盆地南部旬-宜探区钻井、地震和煤心实验分析资料,分析深部石炭系太原组煤层分布、煤岩煤质、储层条件、保存条件及含气性等关键成藏要素,系统评价了旬-宜探区太原组煤层气成藏条件与勘探潜力。结果表明,旬-宜探区太原组煤层厚度大、横向分布稳定、煤阶高、灰分中等、含气性较好,具备良好的煤层气成藏条件;太原组煤层气资源量1754×10^(8) m^(3),具备良好的勘探潜力;旬-宜探区中东部煤层发育、含气量高、断裂不发育、煤层埋深相对较浅,为煤层气勘探有利区带;在有利区优选基础上,开展了煤层气老井复查,优选了PZ2井实施太原组煤层压裂试气,压后取得了较好效果,对该区下一步煤层气勘探具有参考意义。

重庆市中心城区非集中建设区规划策略研究

非集中建设区是国土空间规划的重要区域,也是落实全域全要素规划治理的重要空间载体。针对非集中建设区存在的权属复杂多元、要素庞杂多元、管理主体多元的空间特征,以重庆市中心城区为例,提出非集中建设区国土空间规划策略:针对多元的特点,统筹谋划空间发展目标,构建非集中建设区国土空间规划体系;通过分级分区编制管理,将“多元”要素管控要求逐层传导落实;通过多规协同治理,充分发挥“多元”主体能动作用。

平原沙土区河岸带不同植被类型对土壤团聚体稳定性的影响

[目的]明晰不同植被类型对土壤团聚体稳定性及团聚体有机碳含量的影响,为平原沙土区河岸带土壤团聚体稳定性和抗蚀能力提升提供基础数据。[方法]以江苏省平原沙土区丰县复新河河岸带15年生杨树纯林、柳树纯林、杨柳混交林3种植被类型及对照为对象,用湿筛法对0—20 cm, 20—40 cm, 40—60 cm^(3)个层次土壤颗粒进行物理分级,测定了>0.25 mm团聚体含量(R0.25)、平均重量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)、分形维数(D)及有机碳等主要指标,并利用线性回归对各指标相关性进行分析。[结果](1)试验地各土层团聚体以<0.25 mm微团聚体为主,占总团聚体含量的50.33%~80.00%。3种植被类型>2 mm和0.25~2 mm粒径团聚体含量高于对照,各土层中杨树纯林>2 mm大团聚体含量最高。(2)与对照相比,3种植被类型R0.25,MWD和GMD分别提高了41.77%~91.28%,29.89%~79.08%和37.60%~94.32%,其中杨树纯林效果最好。杨树纯林和柳树纯林D显著低于对照(p<0.05)。(3)试验地土壤团聚体有机碳含量范围为1.51~6.48 g/kg。与对照相比,3种植被类型下土壤团聚体有机碳含量提高了31.67%~71.68%,杨树纯林团聚体有机碳含量显著高于柳树纯林和杨柳混交林(p<0.05)。杨树纯林在0—20 cm土层各粒径团聚体有机碳含量最高。(4)线性回归分析表明土壤团聚体稳定性与有机碳显著相关,尤其是与大团聚体有机碳含量显著相关。此外,细根生物量、全氮含量、碳氮比和含水率也是影响团聚体稳定性的重要因素。[结论]平原沙土区河岸带杨树纯林更有利于提高土壤团聚体稳定性,增加土壤抗蚀能力。

城市轨道交通对容积率影响的定量分析——以东京为例

以东京为例研究城市轨道交通对容积率影响的定量关系,可为我国城市轨道交通站区土地资源的合理配置与优化利用提供指导依据。选取区位、建筑类型、到车站距离、地价作为影响地块容积率的因素,并构建了带交互项的线性回归模型进行分析。p值检验结果表明带交互项模型更适用。研究显示“到车站距离”对商业建筑容积率的影响大于居住建筑,商业建筑“核心区”与“到车站距离”间交互影响程度最大,居住建筑“市区”与“到车站距离”间交互影响程度大于郊区。研究结果为调整国内城市轨道交通站区商业建筑物布局,优化城市核心区轨道交通站点周边商业建筑物容积率及调控城市市区与郊区轨道交通站点周边居住建筑物差异化规划提供依据。

考虑特殊区域的离散区域划分方法

基于多机器人系统的区域覆盖中的区域划分问题,分析现有区域覆盖任务发现,在任务区域中存在危险区域或优先级更高的特殊区域。针对特殊区域需要分配给最少的机器人的情况,设计了一种基于Morse分解的离散区域划分方法。该方法用放射状Morse分解来定义离散任务区域的空间结构,并提出一种改进回溯法来确定最优分割线,以避免分割特殊区域并保持多机器人工作量均衡。仿真给出了在特殊区域分布不同、机器人数量不同的场景下的区域划分结果,并与两种现有算法进行了比较。结果表明,所提方法能够生成稳定的解,有效减少特殊区域的分割,合理分配多机器人的工作量。