Objective: Improvement in cancer survival over recent decades has not been accompanied by a narrowing of socioeconomic disparities. This study aimed to quantify the loss of life expectancy(LOLE) resulting from a cance...Objective: Improvement in cancer survival over recent decades has not been accompanied by a narrowing of socioeconomic disparities. This study aimed to quantify the loss of life expectancy(LOLE) resulting from a cancer diagnosis and examine disparities in LOLE based on area-level socioeconomic status(SES).Methods: Data were collected for all people between 50 and 89 years of age who were diagnosed with cancer, registered in the NSW Cancer Registry between 2001 and 2019, and underwent mortality follow-up evaluations until December 2020. Flexible parametric survival models were fitted to estimate the LOLE by gender and area-level SES for 12 common cancers.Results: Of 422,680 people with cancer, 24% and 18% lived in the most and least disadvantaged areas, respectively. Patients from the most disadvantaged areas had a significantly greater average LOLE than patients from the least disadvantaged areas for cancers with high survival rates, including prostate [2.9 years(95% CI: 2.5±3.2 years) vs. 1.6 years(95% CI: 1.3±1.9 years)] and breast cancer [1.6 years(95% CI: 1.4±1.8 years) vs. 1.2 years(95% CI: 1.0±1.4 years)]. The highest average LOLE occurred in males residing in the most disadvantaged areas with pancreatic [16.5 years(95% CI: 16.1±16.8 years) vs. 16.2 years(95% CI: 15.7±16.7 years)] and liver cancer [15.5 years(95% CI: 15.0±16.0 years) vs. 14.7 years(95% CI: 14.0±15.5 years)]. Females residing in the least disadvantaged areas with thyroid cancer [0.9 years(95% CI: 0.4±1.4 years) vs. 0.6 years(95% CI: 0.2±1.0 years)] or melanoma [0.9 years(95% CI: 0.8±1.1 years) vs. 0.7 years(95% CI: 0.5±0.8 years)] had the lowest average LOLE.Conclusions: Patients from the most disadvantaged areas had the highest LOLE with SES-based differences greatest for patients diagnosed with cancer at an early stage or cancers with higher survival rates, suggesting the need to prioritise early detection and reduce treatment-related barriers and survivorship challenges to improve life expectancy.展开更多
高水平人才高地不仅是高水平人才聚集区,更是破“五唯”立新标、深化科技体制改革、前瞻布局的人才特区,是原始创新和文理交融的策源地。其核心问题是如何打造一流人才体系,包括一流人才的驱动、甄选、吸引、组织管理与自主培养等。为...高水平人才高地不仅是高水平人才聚集区,更是破“五唯”立新标、深化科技体制改革、前瞻布局的人才特区,是原始创新和文理交融的策源地。其核心问题是如何打造一流人才体系,包括一流人才的驱动、甄选、吸引、组织管理与自主培养等。为此本文对愿景驱动、一流人才的标准、甄选方法等进行探讨,分析建设高水平人才高地与一流学科对促进自主培养与留住一流人才的重要作用。鼓励原始创新见效最快的方式是盘点已经问世却尚未得到公认的原创成果,让完成人及时胜出。未来观与AI大爆发决定高水平人才高地建设的前瞻布局,强调安全与发展同等重要。指出借助AI for Science在科研管理创新上的潜力与功效,推动AI+科技评价和AI化改革,知识点考核,杜绝垃圾论文、避免劣币驱逐良币。粤港澳大湾区,特别是深圳,应该从对标硅谷,到跃升为绿色、人文、科技、安全的世界级智慧城市群,实现我国科技的高质量、安全永续的发展,推动世界科学中心建设。展开更多
高潜水位矿区采矿活动及城镇化发展会导致土地利用类型明显变化,进而影响矿区的固碳能力。采用潘谢矿区2002-2021年5期土地利用数据,利用FLUS(Future Land Use Simulation)模型,选取了采矿、社会经济和气候环境等方面数据作为驱动因子,...高潜水位矿区采矿活动及城镇化发展会导致土地利用类型明显变化,进而影响矿区的固碳能力。采用潘谢矿区2002-2021年5期土地利用数据,利用FLUS(Future Land Use Simulation)模型,选取了采矿、社会经济和气候环境等方面数据作为驱动因子,分别预测了自然发展和生态保护两种情景下2028年土地利用变化,再结合InVEST(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs)模型,计算了潘谢矿区2002-2021年的历史碳储量以及2028年不同情景下的未来碳储量,并对潘谢矿区碳储量的时空变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)2002-2021年潘谢矿区土地利用变化表现为耕地不断减少,湿地和建筑用地持续增加,其中耕地减少了147.93 km^(2),湿地和建筑用地分别增加了71.01 km^(2)和75.76 km^(2)。在此期间,潘谢矿区碳储量减少了1.62×10^(5)t,减少幅度为3.83%,其中在2018-2021年碳储量下降最快。(2)预测结果显示,2028年2种情景下研究区内土地利用变化均为湿地和建筑用地持续增加,耕地不断减少。但相较于自然发展情景,生态保护情景下矿区内耕地受到保护,面积有所增加,湿地和建筑用地的增长减缓。与2021年相比,自然发展情景下的碳储量减少了0.74×10^(5)t,生态保护情景下的碳储量减少了0.53×10^(5)t。研究结果表明,受采煤沉陷和城镇发展影响,沉陷湿地和建筑用地扩张导致耕地减少是碳储量下降的主要原因,采取生态保护措施能够在一定程度上减缓碳储量的下降。展开更多
以2014—2019年珲春地区红外相机拍摄的东北虎数据为基础,基于XGBoost算法构建了虎出没区域风险等级划分模型。由模型检验可知:模型的准确率为93.51%,精确率为93.85%,召回率为93.08%,F1值为93.31%,Cohen s Kappa统计系数为90.2%。研究...以2014—2019年珲春地区红外相机拍摄的东北虎数据为基础,基于XGBoost算法构建了虎出没区域风险等级划分模型。由模型检验可知:模型的准确率为93.51%,精确率为93.85%,召回率为93.08%,F1值为93.31%,Cohen s Kappa统计系数为90.2%。研究结果表明:基于XGBoost算法构建的人-虎共存区域风险等级划分模型分类效果好、预测准确度高,运用该模型对人-虎共存区域进行风险等级划分是可行的。展开更多
开采沉陷是煤炭资源井工开采所面临的主要环境地质问题,其中松散层变形是东部高潜水位矿区生态修复和西部生态脆弱区保护所关注的重点,获得沉陷变形参数对推动开采减损、生态环境保护与修复有着重要的指导意义。借助CiteSpace文献计量软...开采沉陷是煤炭资源井工开采所面临的主要环境地质问题,其中松散层变形是东部高潜水位矿区生态修复和西部生态脆弱区保护所关注的重点,获得沉陷变形参数对推动开采减损、生态环境保护与修复有着重要的指导意义。借助CiteSpace文献计量软件,基于中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)数据库进行可视化分析,通过对该研究方向近30年主要研究力量、研究热点和现状趋势量化统计与分析,详细地阐述了该方向的研究现状,简要概述了沉陷成因、理论分析、室内试验、数值模拟及原位实测等方面开展的研究内容。从多学科交叉促进理论研究发展、多方法联合建立高精度动态监测、发展与创新测试装备和技术等方面对其未来趋势进行了展望,提出“空-天-地-孔”一体化监测平台的建设与运营,以期通过多维度、网格化立体数据的获取,进一步掌握松散层内部变形特征与传递机理,为实施“源头控制”和“过程治理”理念和评价废弃矿井CO_(2)封存地质条件提供基础数据与科学支撑。展开更多
基金supported by National Health and Research Council of Australia Leadership Investigator Grants (NHMRCAPP1194679)+1 种基金the ACPCC has received equipment and a funding contribution from Roche Molecular Diagnostics USAco-PI on a major implementation programme Elimination of Cervical Cancer in the Western Pacific,which has received support from the Minderoo Foundation。
文摘Objective: Improvement in cancer survival over recent decades has not been accompanied by a narrowing of socioeconomic disparities. This study aimed to quantify the loss of life expectancy(LOLE) resulting from a cancer diagnosis and examine disparities in LOLE based on area-level socioeconomic status(SES).Methods: Data were collected for all people between 50 and 89 years of age who were diagnosed with cancer, registered in the NSW Cancer Registry between 2001 and 2019, and underwent mortality follow-up evaluations until December 2020. Flexible parametric survival models were fitted to estimate the LOLE by gender and area-level SES for 12 common cancers.Results: Of 422,680 people with cancer, 24% and 18% lived in the most and least disadvantaged areas, respectively. Patients from the most disadvantaged areas had a significantly greater average LOLE than patients from the least disadvantaged areas for cancers with high survival rates, including prostate [2.9 years(95% CI: 2.5±3.2 years) vs. 1.6 years(95% CI: 1.3±1.9 years)] and breast cancer [1.6 years(95% CI: 1.4±1.8 years) vs. 1.2 years(95% CI: 1.0±1.4 years)]. The highest average LOLE occurred in males residing in the most disadvantaged areas with pancreatic [16.5 years(95% CI: 16.1±16.8 years) vs. 16.2 years(95% CI: 15.7±16.7 years)] and liver cancer [15.5 years(95% CI: 15.0±16.0 years) vs. 14.7 years(95% CI: 14.0±15.5 years)]. Females residing in the least disadvantaged areas with thyroid cancer [0.9 years(95% CI: 0.4±1.4 years) vs. 0.6 years(95% CI: 0.2±1.0 years)] or melanoma [0.9 years(95% CI: 0.8±1.1 years) vs. 0.7 years(95% CI: 0.5±0.8 years)] had the lowest average LOLE.Conclusions: Patients from the most disadvantaged areas had the highest LOLE with SES-based differences greatest for patients diagnosed with cancer at an early stage or cancers with higher survival rates, suggesting the need to prioritise early detection and reduce treatment-related barriers and survivorship challenges to improve life expectancy.
文摘高水平人才高地不仅是高水平人才聚集区,更是破“五唯”立新标、深化科技体制改革、前瞻布局的人才特区,是原始创新和文理交融的策源地。其核心问题是如何打造一流人才体系,包括一流人才的驱动、甄选、吸引、组织管理与自主培养等。为此本文对愿景驱动、一流人才的标准、甄选方法等进行探讨,分析建设高水平人才高地与一流学科对促进自主培养与留住一流人才的重要作用。鼓励原始创新见效最快的方式是盘点已经问世却尚未得到公认的原创成果,让完成人及时胜出。未来观与AI大爆发决定高水平人才高地建设的前瞻布局,强调安全与发展同等重要。指出借助AI for Science在科研管理创新上的潜力与功效,推动AI+科技评价和AI化改革,知识点考核,杜绝垃圾论文、避免劣币驱逐良币。粤港澳大湾区,特别是深圳,应该从对标硅谷,到跃升为绿色、人文、科技、安全的世界级智慧城市群,实现我国科技的高质量、安全永续的发展,推动世界科学中心建设。
文摘高潜水位矿区采矿活动及城镇化发展会导致土地利用类型明显变化,进而影响矿区的固碳能力。采用潘谢矿区2002-2021年5期土地利用数据,利用FLUS(Future Land Use Simulation)模型,选取了采矿、社会经济和气候环境等方面数据作为驱动因子,分别预测了自然发展和生态保护两种情景下2028年土地利用变化,再结合InVEST(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs)模型,计算了潘谢矿区2002-2021年的历史碳储量以及2028年不同情景下的未来碳储量,并对潘谢矿区碳储量的时空变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)2002-2021年潘谢矿区土地利用变化表现为耕地不断减少,湿地和建筑用地持续增加,其中耕地减少了147.93 km^(2),湿地和建筑用地分别增加了71.01 km^(2)和75.76 km^(2)。在此期间,潘谢矿区碳储量减少了1.62×10^(5)t,减少幅度为3.83%,其中在2018-2021年碳储量下降最快。(2)预测结果显示,2028年2种情景下研究区内土地利用变化均为湿地和建筑用地持续增加,耕地不断减少。但相较于自然发展情景,生态保护情景下矿区内耕地受到保护,面积有所增加,湿地和建筑用地的增长减缓。与2021年相比,自然发展情景下的碳储量减少了0.74×10^(5)t,生态保护情景下的碳储量减少了0.53×10^(5)t。研究结果表明,受采煤沉陷和城镇发展影响,沉陷湿地和建筑用地扩张导致耕地减少是碳储量下降的主要原因,采取生态保护措施能够在一定程度上减缓碳储量的下降。
文摘以2014—2019年珲春地区红外相机拍摄的东北虎数据为基础,基于XGBoost算法构建了虎出没区域风险等级划分模型。由模型检验可知:模型的准确率为93.51%,精确率为93.85%,召回率为93.08%,F1值为93.31%,Cohen s Kappa统计系数为90.2%。研究结果表明:基于XGBoost算法构建的人-虎共存区域风险等级划分模型分类效果好、预测准确度高,运用该模型对人-虎共存区域进行风险等级划分是可行的。
文摘开采沉陷是煤炭资源井工开采所面临的主要环境地质问题,其中松散层变形是东部高潜水位矿区生态修复和西部生态脆弱区保护所关注的重点,获得沉陷变形参数对推动开采减损、生态环境保护与修复有着重要的指导意义。借助CiteSpace文献计量软件,基于中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)数据库进行可视化分析,通过对该研究方向近30年主要研究力量、研究热点和现状趋势量化统计与分析,详细地阐述了该方向的研究现状,简要概述了沉陷成因、理论分析、室内试验、数值模拟及原位实测等方面开展的研究内容。从多学科交叉促进理论研究发展、多方法联合建立高精度动态监测、发展与创新测试装备和技术等方面对其未来趋势进行了展望,提出“空-天-地-孔”一体化监测平台的建设与运营,以期通过多维度、网格化立体数据的获取,进一步掌握松散层内部变形特征与传递机理,为实施“源头控制”和“过程治理”理念和评价废弃矿井CO_(2)封存地质条件提供基础数据与科学支撑。
