Compared to either drip irrigation or mulching with plastic film,the two methods together can reduce water requirements of crops grown in arid areas by more than 30%.Such a combination deployed on a large scale(1)redu...Compared to either drip irrigation or mulching with plastic film,the two methods together can reduce water requirements of crops grown in arid areas by more than 30%.Such a combination deployed on a large scale(1)reduced the loss of soil water by 31.8%compared to that from drip irrigation alone;(2)narrowed the range of annual evapotranspiration from 1582.4-1780.3 mm,which is average for the basin,to 222.2-294.8 mm;and(3)increased the overall humidity in the central plain of the basin.However,the surrounding regions in which drip irrigation is not combined with mulching are getting more arid;thus,as a result of the water-saving technology,both oases and the desertification of the river basin are increasing at the same time.The results of the study further the understanding of the effects of drip irrigation combined with mulching on water cycles in the basin of the Manas river and suggest ways to protect the ecology and the environment of the basin.展开更多
[目的]探究渭北旱塬区不同年限撂荒地的土壤养分、胞外酶活性及其化学计量的变化特征及影响因素,以期为渭北旱塬区撂荒地的改善与管理提供一定的理论依据。[方法]以渭北旱塬不同年限(5 a, 10 a, 20 a, 25 a和33 a)的撂荒地为研究对象,...[目的]探究渭北旱塬区不同年限撂荒地的土壤养分、胞外酶活性及其化学计量的变化特征及影响因素,以期为渭北旱塬区撂荒地的改善与管理提供一定的理论依据。[方法]以渭北旱塬不同年限(5 a, 10 a, 20 a, 25 a和33 a)的撂荒地为研究对象,测定了土壤养分和参与土壤碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)循环的5种胞外酶活性,随后利用单因素方差分析、土壤胞外酶化学计量学模型和主坐标分析(PCoA)研究不同撂荒年限下土壤养分和胞外酶活性及其生态化学计量的变化规律及影响因子。[结果]随着撂荒年限的增加,土壤C和N获取酶活性显著减小,而P获取酶活性显著增加;土壤C、N和P含量变化与酶活性变化趋势相反。随撂荒年限延长,土壤微生物的C限制得到缓解,P限制逐渐加强。PCoA拟合环境因子分析结果显示:土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)、总磷(TP)、速效氮(AN)和速效磷(AP)含量是驱动酶活性及其计量比变化的关键因子。[结论]撂荒对土壤养分状况具有显著改善作用,但随撂荒时间延长(20 a以上)会加剧微生物P限制,因此对经过长年撂荒的土地应当适量施用磷肥,以改善其土壤状况。展开更多
基金We acknowledge National Key Development Program(2017YFC0404304)the Natural Science Funds(U1803244,41601579)+2 种基金Programs of Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps(2018CB023,2018AB027,2016AG014)Excellent Youth Teachers Program of Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps(CZ027204)Youth Innovative Talents Program of Shihezi University(CXRC201801).
文摘Compared to either drip irrigation or mulching with plastic film,the two methods together can reduce water requirements of crops grown in arid areas by more than 30%.Such a combination deployed on a large scale(1)reduced the loss of soil water by 31.8%compared to that from drip irrigation alone;(2)narrowed the range of annual evapotranspiration from 1582.4-1780.3 mm,which is average for the basin,to 222.2-294.8 mm;and(3)increased the overall humidity in the central plain of the basin.However,the surrounding regions in which drip irrigation is not combined with mulching are getting more arid;thus,as a result of the water-saving technology,both oases and the desertification of the river basin are increasing at the same time.The results of the study further the understanding of the effects of drip irrigation combined with mulching on water cycles in the basin of the Manas river and suggest ways to protect the ecology and the environment of the basin.
文摘[目的]探究渭北旱塬区不同年限撂荒地的土壤养分、胞外酶活性及其化学计量的变化特征及影响因素,以期为渭北旱塬区撂荒地的改善与管理提供一定的理论依据。[方法]以渭北旱塬不同年限(5 a, 10 a, 20 a, 25 a和33 a)的撂荒地为研究对象,测定了土壤养分和参与土壤碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)循环的5种胞外酶活性,随后利用单因素方差分析、土壤胞外酶化学计量学模型和主坐标分析(PCoA)研究不同撂荒年限下土壤养分和胞外酶活性及其生态化学计量的变化规律及影响因子。[结果]随着撂荒年限的增加,土壤C和N获取酶活性显著减小,而P获取酶活性显著增加;土壤C、N和P含量变化与酶活性变化趋势相反。随撂荒年限延长,土壤微生物的C限制得到缓解,P限制逐渐加强。PCoA拟合环境因子分析结果显示:土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)、总磷(TP)、速效氮(AN)和速效磷(AP)含量是驱动酶活性及其计量比变化的关键因子。[结论]撂荒对土壤养分状况具有显著改善作用,但随撂荒时间延长(20 a以上)会加剧微生物P限制,因此对经过长年撂荒的土地应当适量施用磷肥,以改善其土壤状况。
