Global warming will affect growth strategies and how trees will adapt.To compare the response of tree radial growth to climate warming in different slope directions,samples of Pinus armandii Franch were collected and ...Global warming will affect growth strategies and how trees will adapt.To compare the response of tree radial growth to climate warming in different slope directions,samples of Pinus armandii Franch were collected and treering chronologies developed on northern and western slopes from the Lubanling in the Funiu Mountains.Correlation analyses showed that two chronologies were mainly limited by temperatures in the previous June–August and the combination of temperatures and moisture in the current May–July.The difference of the climate response to slopes was small but not negligible.Radial growth of the LBL01 site on the northern slope was affected by the combined maximum and minimum temperatures,while that of the LBL02 site was affected by maximum temperatures.With regards to moisture,radial growth of the trees on the north slope was influenced by the relative humidity in the current May–July,while on the western slope,it was affected by the relative humidity in the previous June–August,the current May–July and the precipitation in the current May–July.With the change in climate,the effects of the main limiting factors on growth on different slopes were visible to a certain extent,but the differences in response of trees on different slopes gradually decreased,which might be caused by factors such as different slope directions and the change in diurnal temperature range.These results may provide information for forest protection and ecological construction in this region,and a scientific reference for future climate reconstruction.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to isolate chitinase gene from Trichoderma atroviride strain SS003. [Method] With the aeciospore wall of armandii pine blister rust as inducer, chitinase gene was induced to expre...[Objective] The aim of this study was to isolate chitinase gene from Trichoderma atroviride strain SS003. [Method] With the aeciospore wall of armandii pine blister rust as inducer, chitinase gene was induced to express in Trichoderma atroviride cells. The cDNA fragment of chitinase gene was cloned by RT-PCR approach. [Result] The activity of chitinase induced reached 40.17 μg/10 min; and the specific fragment amplified was 834 bp in length and proved to be the fragment of chitinase gene by sequencing and sequence analysis. [Conclusion] The result showed the feasibility of isolating the full length of chitinase gene and its transformation, and further producing chitinase.展开更多
Eighteen species of lady beetles, collected from Pinus armandii infested with Pineus sp. (Homoptera: Adelgidae), in Lijiang, Yunnan province, were enumerated, l of which was described as new to science: Scym...Eighteen species of lady beetles, collected from Pinus armandii infested with Pineus sp. (Homoptera: Adelgidae), in Lijiang, Yunnan province, were enumerated, l of which was described as new to science: Scymnus (Pullus) huashansong, and l as new record for China: Adalia conglomerata (L.). Among these 18 species, 14 were also collected from the hemlocks (Tsuga dumosa, T. forrestii, and T. chinensis ) infested with the hemlock woolly adelgid ( Adelges tsugae ).展开更多
[ Objective] The difference of mineral element content in healthy bark of P. armandii and bark affected by C. nbicola were compared, which would provide theoretical foundation for exploring new ways to control the dis...[ Objective] The difference of mineral element content in healthy bark of P. armandii and bark affected by C. nbicola were compared, which would provide theoretical foundation for exploring new ways to control the disease by artificial water and fertilizer. [ Method] Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer（ ICP-OES）was adopted to measure the variation of mineral elements content in bark after P. armandii was affected by C. nbicola. [Result] 45 mineral elements in the healthy bark and 46 mineral elements in affected bark caused by C. ribicola were detected. These mineral elements contained 14 kinds of mineral elements which were necessary for plant growth and 31 kinds of other mineral elements （32 kinds after affected disease）. The total content of mineral elements in affected bark of P. armandii decreased for 15.77%, in which necessary elements for plant growth decreased for 15.54% and other elements decreased for 17.07%. The content of Ca decreased the most, decrease rate was about 75%. The order of content was also changed, they were Na 〉 Ca 〉 B 〉 K 〉 Si 〉 Mg 〉 S 〉 P in healthy bark, and Na 〉 B 〉 K 〉 Ca 〉 Mg 〉 P 〉 Si 〉 S in affected bark. [ Conclusion] The results laid foundation for controlling C. ribicola through application of mineral elements.展开更多
以草海国家级自然保护区华山松(Pinus armandii)为研究对象,采用典型样地调查法,以胸径代替龄级,从静态生命表、存活曲线、生存分析和时间序列分析等方面定量研究华山松种群的结构特征及动态变化,为喀斯特森林生态系统的保护、资源管理...以草海国家级自然保护区华山松(Pinus armandii)为研究对象,采用典型样地调查法,以胸径代替龄级,从静态生命表、存活曲线、生存分析和时间序列分析等方面定量研究华山松种群的结构特征及动态变化,为喀斯特森林生态系统的保护、资源管理和恢复重建提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)华山松种群呈两头小中间大的纺锤形结构,数量动态指数(V n)随龄级的增加波动较大,但忽略外部干扰的种群数量变化动态指数(V p i)和考虑外部干扰的种群数量变化动态指数(V p i′)均大于0,属增长型种群,存活曲线趋于Deevey-Ⅱ型;(2)生存分析显示,华山松生存率逐渐降低,累积死亡率逐渐增加,两者呈相反的变化趋势;死亡密度和危险率曲线反差明显,死亡密度曲线变化平缓,稳中有降,危险率曲线逐渐增加,综合表明华山松种群具有前期平稳、中期增长、后期衰退的特点;(3)时间序列分析显示,华山松种群在未来经历2、4、6、8龄级后,Ⅰ~Ⅲ龄级个体数逐渐减少,Ⅴ~Ⅸ龄级个体数则逐渐增加。研究表明,华山松种群的更新主要受建成机制制约,建议对幼苗和幼树加强抚育和管理养护措施。展开更多
Specimens of fossil wood preserved lignified in Pliocene brown coal and identified as Pinus armandii Francher come from an opencast coalmine at Longling in western Yunnan Province, China. Phytochemical investigation o...Specimens of fossil wood preserved lignified in Pliocene brown coal and identified as Pinus armandii Francher come from an opencast coalmine at Longling in western Yunnan Province, China. Phytochemical investigation of the fossil wood isolated using liquid column chromatography seven compounds （1-7） including a new fluorene derivative named 11,11-dimethyl-11H-benzo[b]fluorene. A further 28 volatiles were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Spectroscopic investigation methods, including MS and 1D and 2D-NMR techniques elucidated the structure of the seven compounds. Two types of natural products, isopimara and stilbene commonly occuring in extant and Pliocene fossil P. armandii indicate phytochemical fidelity during burial under certain circumstances in sediments. Discovery of stilbenes that can inhibit the activities of wood-destroying fungi in the Pliocene P. armandii prompts the assumption that the chemical preservation of this Pliocene fossil wood of P. armandii in brown coal might contribute to the presence of inner natural inhibitors against wood-destroying fungi.展开更多
Mutong is a kind of medicine for promoting water circulation and drenching.There are many kinds of Aristolochia manshuriensis(Guan Mu Tong),which are commonly used in clinic,such as Mutong,Caulis Clematidis Armandii(C...Mutong is a kind of medicine for promoting water circulation and drenching.There are many kinds of Aristolochia manshuriensis(Guan Mu Tong),which are commonly used in clinic,such as Mutong,Caulis Clematidis Armandii(Chuan Mu Tong)and Mutong.After the event of"Longdan Xiegan pill",the doctor made Chuanmu general taboo,or replaced it with other drugs,or did not dare to use it for a long time,which affected the clinical effect.This paper discusses the toxicity of Mutong.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.4207741741671042)。
文摘Global warming will affect growth strategies and how trees will adapt.To compare the response of tree radial growth to climate warming in different slope directions,samples of Pinus armandii Franch were collected and treering chronologies developed on northern and western slopes from the Lubanling in the Funiu Mountains.Correlation analyses showed that two chronologies were mainly limited by temperatures in the previous June–August and the combination of temperatures and moisture in the current May–July.The difference of the climate response to slopes was small but not negligible.Radial growth of the LBL01 site on the northern slope was affected by the combined maximum and minimum temperatures,while that of the LBL02 site was affected by maximum temperatures.With regards to moisture,radial growth of the trees on the north slope was influenced by the relative humidity in the current May–July,while on the western slope,it was affected by the relative humidity in the previous June–August,the current May–July and the precipitation in the current May–July.With the change in climate,the effects of the main limiting factors on growth on different slopes were visible to a certain extent,but the differences in response of trees on different slopes gradually decreased,which might be caused by factors such as different slope directions and the change in diurnal temperature range.These results may provide information for forest protection and ecological construction in this region,and a scientific reference for future climate reconstruction.
基金Supported by Science Foundation from Southwest Forestry College(200524M)Natural Science Foundation of Yunan Province(2002C0047M)Key Scientific and Technological Project of Yunan Province(2003NG12)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to isolate chitinase gene from Trichoderma atroviride strain SS003. [Method] With the aeciospore wall of armandii pine blister rust as inducer, chitinase gene was induced to express in Trichoderma atroviride cells. The cDNA fragment of chitinase gene was cloned by RT-PCR approach. [Result] The activity of chitinase induced reached 40.17 μg/10 min; and the specific fragment amplified was 834 bp in length and proved to be the fragment of chitinase gene by sequencing and sequence analysis. [Conclusion] The result showed the feasibility of isolating the full length of chitinase gene and its transformation, and further producing chitinase.
文摘Eighteen species of lady beetles, collected from Pinus armandii infested with Pineus sp. (Homoptera: Adelgidae), in Lijiang, Yunnan province, were enumerated, l of which was described as new to science: Scymnus (Pullus) huashansong, and l as new record for China: Adalia conglomerata (L.). Among these 18 species, 14 were also collected from the hemlocks (Tsuga dumosa, T. forrestii, and T. chinensis ) infested with the hemlock woolly adelgid ( Adelges tsugae ).
基金Supported by The 10~(th) Five-Years Key Programs for Science and Technology Development of Yunnan Province(2003NG12)~~
文摘[ Objective] The difference of mineral element content in healthy bark of P. armandii and bark affected by C. nbicola were compared, which would provide theoretical foundation for exploring new ways to control the disease by artificial water and fertilizer. [ Method] Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer（ ICP-OES）was adopted to measure the variation of mineral elements content in bark after P. armandii was affected by C. nbicola. [Result] 45 mineral elements in the healthy bark and 46 mineral elements in affected bark caused by C. ribicola were detected. These mineral elements contained 14 kinds of mineral elements which were necessary for plant growth and 31 kinds of other mineral elements （32 kinds after affected disease）. The total content of mineral elements in affected bark of P. armandii decreased for 15.77%, in which necessary elements for plant growth decreased for 15.54% and other elements decreased for 17.07%. The content of Ca decreased the most, decrease rate was about 75%. The order of content was also changed, they were Na 〉 Ca 〉 B 〉 K 〉 Si 〉 Mg 〉 S 〉 P in healthy bark, and Na 〉 B 〉 K 〉 Ca 〉 Mg 〉 P 〉 Si 〉 S in affected bark. [ Conclusion] The results laid foundation for controlling C. ribicola through application of mineral elements.
文摘以草海国家级自然保护区华山松(Pinus armandii)为研究对象,采用典型样地调查法,以胸径代替龄级,从静态生命表、存活曲线、生存分析和时间序列分析等方面定量研究华山松种群的结构特征及动态变化,为喀斯特森林生态系统的保护、资源管理和恢复重建提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)华山松种群呈两头小中间大的纺锤形结构,数量动态指数(V n)随龄级的增加波动较大,但忽略外部干扰的种群数量变化动态指数(V p i)和考虑外部干扰的种群数量变化动态指数(V p i′)均大于0,属增长型种群,存活曲线趋于Deevey-Ⅱ型;(2)生存分析显示,华山松生存率逐渐降低,累积死亡率逐渐增加,两者呈相反的变化趋势;死亡密度和危险率曲线反差明显,死亡密度曲线变化平缓,稳中有降,危险率曲线逐渐增加,综合表明华山松种群具有前期平稳、中期增长、后期衰退的特点;(3)时间序列分析显示,华山松种群在未来经历2、4、6、8龄级后,Ⅰ~Ⅲ龄级个体数逐渐减少,Ⅴ~Ⅸ龄级个体数则逐渐增加。研究表明,华山松种群的更新主要受建成机制制约,建议对幼苗和幼树加强抚育和管理养护措施。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40403014)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZCX1-10-01,KZCX2-SW-118)
文摘Specimens of fossil wood preserved lignified in Pliocene brown coal and identified as Pinus armandii Francher come from an opencast coalmine at Longling in western Yunnan Province, China. Phytochemical investigation of the fossil wood isolated using liquid column chromatography seven compounds （1-7） including a new fluorene derivative named 11,11-dimethyl-11H-benzo[b]fluorene. A further 28 volatiles were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Spectroscopic investigation methods, including MS and 1D and 2D-NMR techniques elucidated the structure of the seven compounds. Two types of natural products, isopimara and stilbene commonly occuring in extant and Pliocene fossil P. armandii indicate phytochemical fidelity during burial under certain circumstances in sediments. Discovery of stilbenes that can inhibit the activities of wood-destroying fungi in the Pliocene P. armandii prompts the assumption that the chemical preservation of this Pliocene fossil wood of P. armandii in brown coal might contribute to the presence of inner natural inhibitors against wood-destroying fungi.
文摘Mutong is a kind of medicine for promoting water circulation and drenching.There are many kinds of Aristolochia manshuriensis(Guan Mu Tong),which are commonly used in clinic,such as Mutong,Caulis Clematidis Armandii(Chuan Mu Tong)and Mutong.After the event of"Longdan Xiegan pill",the doctor made Chuanmu general taboo,or replaced it with other drugs,or did not dare to use it for a long time,which affected the clinical effect.This paper discusses the toxicity of Mutong.
