Effects of cycling and constant temperature on development and reproduction of the armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) were investigated by rearing the insects on the artificial diet under temperatures covering low(1...Effects of cycling and constant temperature on development and reproduction of the armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) were investigated by rearing the insects on the artificial diet under temperatures covering low(16-24℃ vs. 20 ℃ ), medial(20-28℃ vs. 24℃ ) and high(24-32 ℃ vs. 28 ℃) regions. In the low region, all the immature stages of the insect developed significantly faster under alternating temperatures than at corresponding constant temperatures. For the medial region, their development was little affected by variable temperatures. For the high region, developmental durations tended to be longer under cycling temperatures except egg stage.Mean fecundities of the adult moths markedly increased under cycling temperatures as compared with those at respective constant temperature in all regions.Possible reasons for effect of alternating temperatures on insect development are discussed in some details.展开更多
The oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata（Walker）（Lepidoptera：Noctuidae）,is a major migrant pest of grain in China and other Asian countries,causing huge crop production and economic losses nationwide annually.Much...The oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata（Walker）（Lepidoptera：Noctuidae）,is a major migrant pest of grain in China and other Asian countries,causing huge crop production and economic losses nationwide annually.Much of the uniquely difficult aspects of managing M.separata arises from its long-distance migratory behavior.For example,direction and timing of winds from its overwintering regions in the south largely determine where and when large influxes of migrants arrive in the north to oviposit,making prediction of infestations difficult.展开更多
To study insecticidal mechanism of terpinen-4-ol, a main insecticidal composition in the essential oil of Sabina vulgaris, the 5th instar larvae of Mythimna separta, were investigated with terpinen-4-ol by topical app...To study insecticidal mechanism of terpinen-4-ol, a main insecticidal composition in the essential oil of Sabina vulgaris, the 5th instar larvae of Mythimna separta, were investigated with terpinen-4-ol by topical application. The activities of phosphatase, glutathione S-transferase （GSTs）, cytochrome P450 （P450）, and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） of tested insects were determined in all poisoning stages, including exciting stage, convulsing stage, paralysis stage, and recover stage. The result showed that the activities of both acid phosphatase （ACP） and alkaline phosphatase （AKP） in treated insects were induced by terpinen-4-ol, but ACP was inhibited in paralysis stage. The activities of GSTs were inhibited in exciting stage, convulsing stage, and paralysis stage, but gradually recovered in recover stage. O-demethylase activity of cytochrome P450 was inhibited by terpinen-4-ol, and the inhibition rate in all poisoning stages were 26.27, 46.03, 80.24, and 90.22%, respectively. PPO activities were strongly inhibited by terpinen-4-ol both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the activities of P450, GSTs, and PPO could have relation with toxicity of terpinen-4-ol against larvae of the Mythimna separta, but recover stage of the poisoning insects might be related to GSTs induced. As a new insecticide or synergist, terpinen- 4-ol has a potential value in field of insecticide resistance management.展开更多
研究了粘虫(Mythimna separate Walker)在武汉地区的种群动态及其越冬规律。结果表明,粘虫成虫在武汉地区主要有两个发生高峰,分别为4月中下旬和10月中下旬。田间粘虫幼虫发生的高峰期主要在11月至次年的3月。有再生苗的稻田内粘虫幼虫...研究了粘虫(Mythimna separate Walker)在武汉地区的种群动态及其越冬规律。结果表明,粘虫成虫在武汉地区主要有两个发生高峰,分别为4月中下旬和10月中下旬。田间粘虫幼虫发生的高峰期主要在11月至次年的3月。有再生苗的稻田内粘虫幼虫的发生量显著高于无再生苗的稻田。在越冬期间,粘虫并未进入滞育状态,而以幼虫形态越冬。粘虫幼虫在越冬期间的过冷却点与冰点均随发育程度上升而下降;死亡率则随温度的降低显著上升,两者之间的关系可用线性方程y=-1.529 1x+28.459 0表示。展开更多
为指导甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(下称甲维盐)在粘虫Mythimna separate Walker防治上的合理使用,测定了粘虫抗甲维盐种群对5种常用杀虫剂的交互抗性及其生化抗性机制。结果表明:粘虫抗甲维盐种群对阿维菌素(抗性倍数RR_(50)=21.80)、毒死...为指导甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(下称甲维盐)在粘虫Mythimna separate Walker防治上的合理使用,测定了粘虫抗甲维盐种群对5种常用杀虫剂的交互抗性及其生化抗性机制。结果表明:粘虫抗甲维盐种群对阿维菌素(抗性倍数RR_(50)=21.80)、毒死蜱(RR_(50)=17.68)和灭多威(RR_(50)=10.85)均具有中等水平的交互抗性,与辛硫磷(RR_(50)=6.00)和氟氯氰菊酯(RR_(50)=5.65)之间交互抗性水平较低。酶抑制剂胡椒基丁醚(PBO)、马来酸二乙酯(DEM)、三丁基三硫磷酸酯(DEF)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)在粘虫敏感种群和抗性种群生物测定中对甲维盐毒力均有显著的增效作用。粘虫抗甲维盐种群细胞色素P450和b_5含量及O-脱甲基酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和羧酸酯酶活性均显著高于敏感种群,分别为敏感种群的3.23、3.65、3.63、1.64和2.66倍。研究表明,体内解毒代谢酶活性提高可能是粘虫对甲维盐产生抗性的重要原因。展开更多
文摘Effects of cycling and constant temperature on development and reproduction of the armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) were investigated by rearing the insects on the artificial diet under temperatures covering low(16-24℃ vs. 20 ℃ ), medial(20-28℃ vs. 24℃ ) and high(24-32 ℃ vs. 28 ℃) regions. In the low region, all the immature stages of the insect developed significantly faster under alternating temperatures than at corresponding constant temperatures. For the medial region, their development was little affected by variable temperatures. For the high region, developmental durations tended to be longer under cycling temperatures except egg stage.Mean fecundities of the adult moths markedly increased under cycling temperatures as compared with those at respective constant temperature in all regions.Possible reasons for effect of alternating temperatures on insect development are discussed in some details.
基金the special fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(201403031)for support of this special focus
文摘The oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata（Walker）（Lepidoptera：Noctuidae）,is a major migrant pest of grain in China and other Asian countries,causing huge crop production and economic losses nationwide annually.Much of the uniquely difficult aspects of managing M.separata arises from its long-distance migratory behavior.For example,direction and timing of winds from its overwintering regions in the south largely determine where and when large influxes of migrants arrive in the north to oviposit,making prediction of infestations difficult.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30600404)the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 10th Five-Year Plan Period(2004BA516A04).
文摘To study insecticidal mechanism of terpinen-4-ol, a main insecticidal composition in the essential oil of Sabina vulgaris, the 5th instar larvae of Mythimna separta, were investigated with terpinen-4-ol by topical application. The activities of phosphatase, glutathione S-transferase （GSTs）, cytochrome P450 （P450）, and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） of tested insects were determined in all poisoning stages, including exciting stage, convulsing stage, paralysis stage, and recover stage. The result showed that the activities of both acid phosphatase （ACP） and alkaline phosphatase （AKP） in treated insects were induced by terpinen-4-ol, but ACP was inhibited in paralysis stage. The activities of GSTs were inhibited in exciting stage, convulsing stage, and paralysis stage, but gradually recovered in recover stage. O-demethylase activity of cytochrome P450 was inhibited by terpinen-4-ol, and the inhibition rate in all poisoning stages were 26.27, 46.03, 80.24, and 90.22%, respectively. PPO activities were strongly inhibited by terpinen-4-ol both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the activities of P450, GSTs, and PPO could have relation with toxicity of terpinen-4-ol against larvae of the Mythimna separta, but recover stage of the poisoning insects might be related to GSTs induced. As a new insecticide or synergist, terpinen- 4-ol has a potential value in field of insecticide resistance management.
文摘研究了粘虫(Mythimna separate Walker)在武汉地区的种群动态及其越冬规律。结果表明,粘虫成虫在武汉地区主要有两个发生高峰,分别为4月中下旬和10月中下旬。田间粘虫幼虫发生的高峰期主要在11月至次年的3月。有再生苗的稻田内粘虫幼虫的发生量显著高于无再生苗的稻田。在越冬期间,粘虫并未进入滞育状态,而以幼虫形态越冬。粘虫幼虫在越冬期间的过冷却点与冰点均随发育程度上升而下降;死亡率则随温度的降低显著上升,两者之间的关系可用线性方程y=-1.529 1x+28.459 0表示。
文摘为指导甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(下称甲维盐)在粘虫Mythimna separate Walker防治上的合理使用,测定了粘虫抗甲维盐种群对5种常用杀虫剂的交互抗性及其生化抗性机制。结果表明:粘虫抗甲维盐种群对阿维菌素(抗性倍数RR_(50)=21.80)、毒死蜱(RR_(50)=17.68)和灭多威(RR_(50)=10.85)均具有中等水平的交互抗性,与辛硫磷(RR_(50)=6.00)和氟氯氰菊酯(RR_(50)=5.65)之间交互抗性水平较低。酶抑制剂胡椒基丁醚(PBO)、马来酸二乙酯(DEM)、三丁基三硫磷酸酯(DEF)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)在粘虫敏感种群和抗性种群生物测定中对甲维盐毒力均有显著的增效作用。粘虫抗甲维盐种群细胞色素P450和b_5含量及O-脱甲基酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和羧酸酯酶活性均显著高于敏感种群,分别为敏感种群的3.23、3.65、3.63、1.64和2.66倍。研究表明,体内解毒代谢酶活性提高可能是粘虫对甲维盐产生抗性的重要原因。
