New Perspective for the Philosophy of Religion: New Era Theory, Religion and Science

In this article,author expressed the meaning of“belief”,possible effective factors in human life,and how these factors can be effective on person and/or communities.With this respect,the meaning of religion,the possible interaction and relation between religion and science evaluated.42 past/present theories of religion and evaluation of the past/present works of the 87 philosophers of religion are explained.Author considered new synthesis(R-Synthesis),and also new era philosophy,new and re-constructed branches of philosophy,and some systems/constructions to express the new perspective for philosophy of religion.Author applied 27(+)possible definitive/certain result cases of the synthesis for R-Religion discipline specifically,and did the followings under new perspective:(i)eliminated some religious subjects,(ii)unified some religious subjects,(iii)modified some religious subjects,(iv)united some religious subjects in upper phase,(v)separated some religious subject,(vi)defined all religious subjects under one framework,(vii)integrated all religious subjects,(viii)defined new religious subjects,(ix)re-defined some religious subjects,(x)removed some religious subjects and put new religious subjects instead,(xi)added some religious subjects,(xii)kept/protected some religious subjects,(xiii)proposed progression for religious subjects,(xiv)changed the priority of some religious subjects,(xv)increased the importance of some religious subjects,(xvi)strengthened the ethics,(xvii)integrated philosophy branches under one framework,(xviii)others.Some of the purposes of this article are:(i)to define new synthesis method,(ii)to define good and/or correct new perspective and structure for philosophy of religion,science of religion,theories of religion,and related subjects,(iii)to extend the definition/limits of philosophy of religion with new perspective,(iv)others.As result of the synthesis,new perspective for philosophy of religion explained by considering the following concepts/sections:(a)theories of religion,(b)17 upper constructional philosophies and philosophy of religion,(c)eight complementary branches of philosophy of religion,(d)14 lower constructional philosophies and philosophy of religion,(e)science of religion,(f)new theory of religion and its relations with other disciplines.Author defined New Era Theory,New Era Religion,New Era Belief,Progressive Religion and their relations with other religions,beliefs,religious/non-religious movements,and the relation with other theories of religion.Also,power authorities and functional position levels in the New Era Belief,and Religion of God,Knowledge of God/gods,Nature of God/gods concepts are explained generally/specifically.

Confucianism is a Philosophy Rather than a Religion

The Chinese Recorder, a journal produced by the Protestant missionary community in China, enjoyed a run of seventytwo years in which Confucianism was regarded as a religion by many missionary scholars. But is Confucianism a religion or a philosophy? There are different ideas in present literatus. This study attempts to prove that Confucianism is not a religion by distinguishing the definitions of religion and Confucianism and comparing them, and further points out that Confucianism is a philosophy.

Development of Chinese Traditional Philosophy and Ancient Flower Arrangement Art

Traditional philosophical thoughts have different connotations in different historical periods in China. Affected by it, the flower arrangement art has produced different artistic styles: religious flower of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, courtyard flower in the Sui and Tang dynasties, concept flower and mental imagery flower in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and new concept flower, literati flower, pictographic flower and scenery description flower in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Philosophy of GodForm:Power Authorities, Functional Position Levels, Religion and Science

In this work,author expressed new R-Synthesis specifically.Good and/or correct perspective that must be behind the definitions and administration generally expressed.New perspective of the philosophy explained generally.Philosophy of GodForm is defined and expressed as connected/related with the following concepts:(a)basic principles,(b)17 upper constructional philosophies,(c)14 lower constructional philosophies,(d)eight basic philosophies.As special cases,Philosophy of Engineering and Technology,Philosophy of Wireless Administration and others defined as hybrid philosophies.17 specific components/units which can be considered to define the basic principles of the related formation,are proposed to be designed by GodForm and defined by the author.Philosophy of GodForm and its relation with Values and Positions specifically defined.New Era Theory and New Era Belief explained generally.Some specific religions/beliefs are defined as variants/forms of the Progressive Religion.Good and/or correct power authorities(R-Power Authority)are defined due to 29 categories.Functional position levels defined for the R-Power Authorities with a unique table.As result of the R-Synthesis,functional position levels of some philosophers,some scientists,and of Prophet Jesus,Prophet Mohamed,Prophets Mouses,Buddha,and of Confucius generally/specifically defined.Integration and past/present effects of some R-Power Authorities in 5 x 5 Ideal Political Construction specifically explained.New Era Belief,Concepts of GodX and Science relation explained with the following concepts:(1)Religion of GodForm,(2)Knowledge of GodX,(3)Nature of GodX.With this respect,some other characteristics of 7 GodX power authorities expressed with details as complementary information.Following concepts/systems defined to arrange and solve some/most/all religious problems,which are determined with R-Synthesis:(a)Religious Responsibilities and Positions,(b)Ideal Religious Administration,(c)Sustainable/Continuable Political Administration System,(d)Community Values Council/Authority for each world country,(e)Progressive Councils.15 general religious position categories defined to express their good and/or correct meanings/values/responsibilities in the religious system.21 general/specific cases/programs defined due to New Era Belief to solve possible past/present/future community values problems,to have continuous,judicious,and progressive administration about the 36 kinds of community values.Progressive Councils,which are related with the CUS-WW-HO,are defined.Progressive Religion Council and some of the related religious responsibilities expressed for the kind progressive religion studies due to the Philosophy of Progressive Religions.

The Logic of Incarnation： Hegel＇s Use of Plato＇s Philebus in the Shorter Logic and in the Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion

Hegel uses Plato＇s classical text, Philebus, in two of his most important texts, the so called Shorter Logics, the first part of the famous Encyclopedia of Philosophical Sciences and in The Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion. The aim of this article is to analyze how can this two references be read together as to form a relationship between logic and religion in the very heart of Hegelian philosophy. In the first case, Hegel analyzes Plato＇s text within the context of his Doctrine of Being, specially from §§ 89 to 95, which deal with the question of determinate being. In The Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion, on the other hand, the reference appears in the 1824 Lectures in a particularly complex chapter called ＂The Transition to the Speculative Standpoint of Religion,＂ in which Hegel affirms not only that such a speculative standpoint is the only one in which religion can be truly grasped, but also that the Christian concept of ＂incarnation of God＂ is the ＂speculative midpoint＂ of religion. It will be argued, therefore, that the ontological question of determination and actuality, as exposed in the Shorter Logics, is fundamental to the metaphysics of Christian Religion as Hegel understands it not only in his Philosophy of Religion, but arguably in his whole philosophy.

The Transformation of Archival Philosophy and Practice Through Digital Art

In many ways, digital practices have precipitated remarkable changes in the global accessibility of art. However, the digital revolution has also radically influenced the conservation processes surrounding art, including archiving, preserving, and remembering. This paper explores the conservation of digital （or ＂variable media＂） artworks for the future benefit of culture, with particular reference to creators and viewers of art, as well as participants in interactive artworks. More specifically, this paper focuses on the philosophical and technical approaches adopted by creators, conservators, and philosophers involved in the preservation of variable media artworks. Issues of programming, interoperability between archival systems, and enhanced public access increasingly inform the design of digital archives. Indeed, the continuously shifting technological landscape-marked by the centrality of digital technologies to everyday life-problematizes the preservation of digital art through mainstream museological paradigms. Part of this analysis of digital art conservation will be drawn from the archival philosophies of Boris Groys and Rick Prelinger.

On Mechanisms of Human Behavior： The ＂Mind Blindness Phenomenon＂ in Philosophy, Religion, Science, and Medicine

The phenomenon described here has no scientific title, but occurs frequently in daily living, from science to philosophy, religion, and medicine. In every field of human endeavor, when a view is expressed, sharp and profound differences of opinion ensue. Initially, we coin this phenomenon as ＂understanding blindness＂ or ＂mind＇s awareness.＂ Thereafter, we decide to refer to it as ＂mind blindness,＂ a concept introduced to science by Professor Simon Baron-Cohen, who coins it for a cognitive disorder associated with autism, Asperger＇s syndrome, and schizophrenia. Baron-Cohen＇s usage has subsequently been extended to dementia, bi-polar disorders, antisocial personality disorders, and even normal aging. In our view, definition and identification of ＂mind blindness＂ in philosophy, religion, science, medicine, and at end-of-life care can help mankind to better understand mechanisms of human behavior, and the causes of conflicts, controversies, contradictions, and sharp differences of opinion in human life, and even to solve some of them.

The Paradigm Transformation of Postmodern Philosophy of Religion--Taking Don Cupitt and George Lindbeck as an Example

Western postmodern philosophy of religion is the third significant shift following the ancient ontology paradigm and the modern subject paradigm.Postmodern religious philosophers,taking the focus on language as their theoretical basis,criticize the paradigm of the traditional philosophy of religion.At the same time,as a kind of complex thought trend,the postmodern philosophy of relligion also presents different ideological trends--one is radical and the other is conservative.

Religion and Philosophy of the Atharvaveda:A New Approach

The Atharvaveda Samhita(AV),being the second largest compendium in the Vedic literature of the Rgveda Samhita(RV),occupies a great position in the ancient history of religion and philosophy.But unlike the RV,the religion and philosophy of the AV have not been properly analysed,rather somehow misinterpreted.It has been portrayed that the religion of AV is primitive,full of magic and devoid of priestly religion.Again,the philosophy of AV does not represent anything new or original,even if it is a preacher of pseudo-philosophy.In the backdrop of this picture,the paper aims to revisit the old theories on the one hand and on the other hand,it has shown the religion and philosophy of the AV of a new dimension in the Vedic Corpus.This new dimension in the Vedic Corpus needs to be addressed properly.Thus,in the proposed paper,it has been tried to establish that the religious culture of AV fills up the gap of the total gamut of Vedic religion with its social responsibilities.For philosophy,it is the AV that represents more originality than the RV,not only in quantity but also in introspection.The philosophy of the Upanishad,which represents Brahman as the ultimate reality and creator of the world,has been more vividly represented.It has prepared a bridge between the Samhita and Upanishad in respect of philosophical concepts.All these have been elaborately dealt with documents and references in the proposed paper.

Chinese Residents’Philosophy and Religion in Contemporary China and North America

The cultural dimension of sustainability as the fourth pillar of the overall sustainable development framework encompasses both tangible and intangible cultures.In this study,tangible culture refers to the home environments of Chinese residents in China and North America,while intangible culture refers to their faiths and belief systems,in other words,their philosophy and religion,reflected(or not)in their home environments.The paper argues that Chinese philosophy and religion have historically contributed to Chinese people’s environmental ethics and their health and happiness.Set within this context,the paper presents the author’s two empirical research findings on Chinese residents’philosophy and religion in contemporary China and North America.Quantitative and qualitative data were collected by asking Chinese residents the same research question in the 2007-2008 onsite survey and follow-up interviews in Beijing and Suzhou of China,and the 2013 online survey and follow-up interviews in the US and Canada.The findings show a significantly higher percentage of ethnic Chinese in North America holds traditional Chinese faiths than those in China,though Western cultural infiltration is also happening to them.Nevertheless,due to the limited number of participants,the findings may only be indicative.

教育强国建设 新文科何为

新文科是教育强国建设的重要内容,是哲学社会科学发展的重要战略。在世界百年未有之大变局和中华民族伟大复兴战略全局下,新文科肩负中国特色自主知识体系建构、中国特色自主人才培养体系构建的重要使命,必须坚持交叉融合、开放互鉴,革故鼎新、守正创新,培根铸魂、育人为本。如此,才能引领带动高等教育质量整体提升,加快实现教育强国建设目标。

“破”与“立”--关于2022版义务教育艺术课程标准修订的解读与思考

《义务教育课程方案(2022版)》的正式颁布为国民教育发展带来了各种新的变化,当中最为显著的修订内容便是对艺术课程设置进行了优化:一至七年级以音乐、美术为主线,融入舞蹈、戏剧、影视等内容,八至九年级分项选择开设。《义务教育课程方案(2022版)》基于原先艺术课程,不断打破更新传统模式,从局限于单科知识素养扩充到综合核心素养,从将艺术学科作为专业技能工具的教学思维转变为关注各科艺术在教育中最为核心的文化情感价值,从受艺术教育界限的“割裂式”输出到五育并举的多元化理念共通,修订工作中的每一步都是在动态的“破”与“立”之中进行变换,从而确定更加符合国民教育需求的艺术课程标准。

系统的情报观到系统的安全观:兵家情报思想探赜

[研究目的]中国传统情报思想已经受到广泛关注,但传统的情报思想究竟折射出何种情报观,并且其背后蕴含何种国家安全意蕴,还需要系统梳理。全景把握古代情报思想,能够为推进新时代国家安全建设提供启示。[研究方法]以中国古代兵家为研究对象,选取《孙子兵法》《六韬》《吴子》三个代表性的兵家著作为具体分析文本,系统提炼兵家的情报观,并从“情报—反情报”“情报—决策—安全”两个维度剖析古代情报观及其背后蕴含的安全观。[研究结论]兵家的情报思想体现出一种从宏观到微观的情报工作体系,包含了“情报工作周期”的各个要素,并构建了情报与安全之间相关关系。总体来看,中国古代情报史仍具有良好的现代价值,在提升国家安全工作效能方面具有重要借鉴作用。

艺术审美接受史中的“鹧鸪”意象及其器乐音响特例

对于中国论域的艺术哲学研究范畴而言,“鹧鸪”是国人艺术审美接受史中的一个经典审美意象。通过以音乐艺术为中心的相关器乐化音响的经典艺术表达,人们可管窥到“鹧鸪”的“远-中-近”三个审美意象层次的发展印迹,体味到主体间审美思维和艺术接受中所达成的集约性。江南丝竹名曲《鹧鸪飞》是这种审美意象的音乐美学特例,在中国传统意象美学作为整个审美过程学理核心的前提下,体现出娴雅、端秀、氤氲的接受美感。

从“新儒家哲学”看“新文科建设”与“西学”资源问题

“新文科”与“儒家哲学”两者的汇聚点,就是“新儒家哲学”。存在着三种不同含义的“新儒家哲学”,即宋明新儒家哲学、20世纪的现代新儒家哲学和21世纪的当代新儒家哲学。它们都进行了传统哲学的转化和发展,即都进行了某种意义的“新文科建设”。就其学术资源来看,其共性是:它们都汲取了某种“西学”资源。具体来说,宋明新儒家汲取了“西天取经”意义上的“西学”资源,即佛学;而现当代新儒家汲取了“西学东渐”意义上的“西学”资源,即西方哲学。因此,在思想学术资源这个问题上,“新文科建设”最基本的原则之一应当是:在保持文化主体性、“中国性”的前提下,积极地吸纳“西学”的资源。

《孙子兵法》之思维哲学及其启示

《孙子兵法》流传2500多年仍光芒四射,在较大程度上得益于其特有的贵“知”重“计”崇“智”尚“谋”的思维哲学,表现出较为明显的以谋制胜、斗智重于斗力的思想倾向。这一思想倾向与思维哲学并非凭空产生,而是有着丰富而坚实的根基来源,有着较为严密完整的义理架构,具有系统性、辩证性、动态性、层级性、创新性、理智性与和合性的精神特质,能为我们提供有益启示。

人的哲学建构与新文科建设——基于博雅和通识教育与新文科建设贯通基础上的思考

新文科建设以当代科学技术发展导致的知识生产模式和思维模式的转变为背景,学科交叉是显见的新文科建设路径,同样重要的是通识教育的提速和推展。通识教育源于博雅教育,进而又衍生出整全教育,它们的思想理念源自古希腊至今的知识系统性与本原性,以及学习的独立性和批判性思考,强调对人的能力和认知方式的开放性开发,由此这构成了应对新文科建设所面临的知识复合性、交叉性等现实问题的基础性思维逻辑。从根本上看,教育是关于人的哲学的运用,建构理想的人的哲学也是新文科建设的题中之义。

凋敝与复兴:当代太极拳的传承困境与纾解之道

在现代性演进中,太极拳表面兴盛,实则遭遇传承困境,出现传承异化、失范与物化等现象,主要表现在体系离散、功夫缺失、各自为政与受众结构失衡等方面。现代社会中钟表时间勃兴、社会浮躁、拳道舍本逐末、传承人及组织思维僵化等因素共同造就了这一凋敝之困境,也反映了时代精神的涣散。受工具理性的影响,部分传承人故步自封,习练者难以超越自身的认知,对太极拳越来越缺乏身体力行与系统觉知,难以感受其内蕴意义,处在浮躁之中,深层文化意义逐渐衰微甚至被消解。纾解太极拳传承困境可采取如下措施:(1)切实关怀传承人,助推功夫化传承;(2)强化组织化联合,促进赛事化传承;(3)打造太极拳名片,合理产业化开发;(4)深挖太极拳思想,夯实故事化传播。这些举措可以深度彰显太极拳的文化个性,促进其整全性发展和技道复兴,期许为中国式体育现代化贡献太极拳智慧与力量。

约瑟夫·马戈利斯的强势相对主义艺术哲学

约瑟夫·马戈利斯总结欧陆哲学和分析美学在艺术研究中的不足后,进一步发展普罗塔哥拉的相对主义,提出极富人本主义色彩的强势相对主义。其解释学以艺术实践为研究对象,肯定人的个体感受,以价值评价而非真假逻辑为判断依据,包容互不相容、相互矛盾的判断可以共存。马戈利斯回应对相对主义的质疑,捍卫强势相对主义艺术哲学在艺术研究中的合法性和适用性。同时,他认为艺术是以物理形式现身并在文化中浮现出来的实体,将艺术品视为具有历史性和文化性的物理实体,这对艺术本体论研究具有启发意义。

基于旅游审美哲学的艺旅融合:理论逻辑与研究框架

艺术与旅游融合(艺旅融合)是新时代旅游创新发展的重要领域。传统上,艺旅融合仅作为文旅融合的下辖概念,这种旧研究格局在实践层面已无法满足我国新时代旅游发展需求,理论层面也存在解释不足、概念误解等问题。因此,文章基于旅游审美哲学探讨艺旅融合,建构理论逻辑与研究框架。首先,从澄清(旅游)审美问题的概念出发,探索了从存在性到人本性的旅游审美哲学基础;其次,梳理了艺旅融合二维度,即艺术旅游与旅游艺术,提出基于旅游审美哲学的“艺旅人本体验”;第三,分析了艺旅融合过程中的“主-客-艺”三元关系;第四,探索了艺旅融合的研究框架,包括内涵与维度(宏观层的宏大叙事/微观层的人本体验)、性质与影响(经济性/政治性/社会性/文化性/地方性/人本性)、生产与功能(供给侧/需求侧);最后,提出艺旅人本体验因其情感特征而在人工智能时代具有的新契机。研究旨在为我国艺旅融合发展的关键阶段提供一个可供参考的理论框架起点,促进社会和个体层面的人的价值发展。