Bacteriophages represent a rich and unique resource of anti-infectives to counter the global problem of antibiotic resis- tance. In this work, we assessed the bactericidal activity of two virulent staphylococcal phage...Bacteriophages represent a rich and unique resource of anti-infectives to counter the global problem of antibiotic resis- tance. In this work, we assessed the bactericidal activity of two virulent staphylococcal phages, K and 44AHJD, against S. aureus isolates of clinical significance, and tested their efficacy in vivo. The phage cocktail lysed >85% of the clinical isolates tested. Both the phages were purified by ion-exchange column chromatography following propagation in bioreactors. The purity profiles of the ion-exchange purified phages were compared with those of phages purified using cesium chloride density gradient ultracentrifugation, and infectiousness of the purified phages was confirmed by plaque forming assay. The in vivo efficacy of a phage cocktail was evaluated in an experimental murine nasal colonization model, which showed that the phage cocktail was efficacious. To our knowledge, this is the first report of phage use in an in vivo model of nasal carriage.展开更多
Article history Received:6 June 2019 Accepted:8 October 2019 Published Online:30 November 2019 This article engages with and aims to advance the debate about Decolonizing geography,examining its approach to knowledge ...Article history Received:6 June 2019 Accepted:8 October 2019 Published Online:30 November 2019 This article engages with and aims to advance the debate about Decolonizing geography,examining its approach to knowledge and its implications for the discipline.Decolonizers draw heavily upon social constructivist and historically-rooted notions of knowledge which emphasize its embeddedness in power relations.While shedding light on the social and political conditions under which knowledge is produced is valuable,its context-dependent view of knowledge limits its scope to account for disciplinary knowledge.Taking a particularistic epistemology which conflates knowledge with experience is insufficient to explain the historical evolution of theoretical and disciplinary frameworks.Denying the potential for and even the desirability of context-independent(theoretical)knowledge Decolonizing geography can be read as post-disciplinary and post-universal,potentially denying that geography can offer all students,regardless of their background,access to powerful knowledge and insights.Here,social realism is proposed as an alternative approach to knowledge which accounts for both the social context of knowledge production and its distinctive epistemic qualities.An epistemological framework for geography is examined which demonstrates the relationship between propositional(conceptual),contextual and procedural knowledge,and why all three are essential for the student of geography。展开更多
文摘Bacteriophages represent a rich and unique resource of anti-infectives to counter the global problem of antibiotic resis- tance. In this work, we assessed the bactericidal activity of two virulent staphylococcal phages, K and 44AHJD, against S. aureus isolates of clinical significance, and tested their efficacy in vivo. The phage cocktail lysed >85% of the clinical isolates tested. Both the phages were purified by ion-exchange column chromatography following propagation in bioreactors. The purity profiles of the ion-exchange purified phages were compared with those of phages purified using cesium chloride density gradient ultracentrifugation, and infectiousness of the purified phages was confirmed by plaque forming assay. The in vivo efficacy of a phage cocktail was evaluated in an experimental murine nasal colonization model, which showed that the phage cocktail was efficacious. To our knowledge, this is the first report of phage use in an in vivo model of nasal carriage.
文摘Article history Received:6 June 2019 Accepted:8 October 2019 Published Online:30 November 2019 This article engages with and aims to advance the debate about Decolonizing geography,examining its approach to knowledge and its implications for the discipline.Decolonizers draw heavily upon social constructivist and historically-rooted notions of knowledge which emphasize its embeddedness in power relations.While shedding light on the social and political conditions under which knowledge is produced is valuable,its context-dependent view of knowledge limits its scope to account for disciplinary knowledge.Taking a particularistic epistemology which conflates knowledge with experience is insufficient to explain the historical evolution of theoretical and disciplinary frameworks.Denying the potential for and even the desirability of context-independent(theoretical)knowledge Decolonizing geography can be read as post-disciplinary and post-universal,potentially denying that geography can offer all students,regardless of their background,access to powerful knowledge and insights.Here,social realism is proposed as an alternative approach to knowledge which accounts for both the social context of knowledge production and its distinctive epistemic qualities.An epistemological framework for geography is examined which demonstrates the relationship between propositional(conceptual),contextual and procedural knowledge,and why all three are essential for the student of geography。
