A quantitative index for evaluating the performance of artery was introduced according to the idea of energy exchange between arterial wall and blood.The index was studied by using the exponential and parabolic pressu...A quantitative index for evaluating the performance of artery was introduced according to the idea of energy exchange between arterial wall and blood.The index was studied by using the exponential and parabolic pressure-volume relations or human arteries. Methods for estimating the index in vivo based on aWindkessel model of the arterial system were proposed. Data from patients withcongestive heart failure and hypertension were used for illustration. It was shownthat the index has physiological meaning and is a useful parameter for evaluationthe performance of artery.展开更多
Background Numerous trials showed that blood pressure variability （BPV） plays an important role in triggering acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. However, few studies have clarified the relationship bet...Background Numerous trials showed that blood pressure variability （BPV） plays an important role in triggering acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. However, few studies have clarified the relationship between the coronary artery atherosclerosis severity with BVP and ankle-brachial index （ABI）. There are few studies in which have investigated BPV, ankle-brachial index （ABI）, brachial ankle pulse wave velelocity （baPWV） and severity of coronary angiography（ CAG ） at the same time. Methods Totally 188 hypertensive patients from January 2012 to March 2015 were enrolled in this study. All the cases underwent 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring （ABPM）, CAG and ABI. The extent of coronary artery disease was assessed by the Gensini score system. The subjects were divided into four groups： A（ Gensini score=0）, B（Gensini score≤20）, C（ 20〈Gensini score 〈50）, D（Gensini score≥50）. Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression were used for analyses. Results Compared with the A and B group, most of blood pressure standard deviation and average ABI of D group were higher （P 〈 0.05）. Correlation analysis indicated that Gensini score was positively correlated with 24h systolic blood pressure standard deviation （24hsbpsd）, day systolic blood pressure standard deviation （dsbpsd） and night systolic blood pressure standard deviation（nsbpsd）; But it was reversely correlated with ABI. ABI was reversely correlated with 24hsbpsd and nsbpsd. Gensini score was positively correlated with 24hsbpsd（P=0.02） and dsbpsd（P〈0.05）, while reversely correlated with ABI（P〈0.05） by multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. Conclusion BPV and ABI are closely related to severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis. They are predictors in patients with coronary artery disease with hypertension.展开更多
Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is the least recognized form of atherosclerosis and may even result in amputation if the diagnosis is delayed. Manual pulse palpation is the traditional way to diagnose PAD....Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is the least recognized form of atherosclerosis and may even result in amputation if the diagnosis is delayed. Manual pulse palpation is the traditional way to diagnose PAD. Doppler ultrasonographic measurement of ankle-brachial index (ABI) is the gold standard diagnosing method but requires training and is not necessarily available as an outpatient procedure. Using automated oscillometric blood pressure devices has been suggested as an easier method for measuring the ABI. Methods: A single observer palpated the arterial dorsalis pedis, examined hand joints and measured the ABI of one hundred diabetic patients using both Doppler and oscillometric methods. The purpose of this study was to compare the oscillometric method and the manual diagnosing methods to the gold standard method of using a hand held Doppler device for measuring the ABI and detecting PAD. Results: ABI was abnormal in 24 patients (24%) (22 males, 2 females) when measured with the Doppler method. Of these 24 patients, the oscillometric method would have missed 12 giving 12 false negatives. We found that the sensitivity of the oscillometric method was 50.0% and specificity 90.8%. Clinical examination with palpation of ADP combined with limited joint mobility (LJM) scoring would have missed only four cases. Conclusions: Although the oscillometric method is easy and accessible, it is not sensitive enough to be used as the only method in measuring ABI. The simple and inexpensive ADP pulse palpation combined with testing for LMJ was able to find 20 of the 24 (83%) patients with an abnormal ABI measured by Doppler stethoscope.展开更多
Objective:In traditional herbal medicine(Kampo medicine in Japan),'sho'is diagnosed by the traditional assessments of clinical conditions.Among a variety of the shos,there is an'oketsu'syndrome,which i...Objective:In traditional herbal medicine(Kampo medicine in Japan),'sho'is diagnosed by the traditional assessments of clinical conditions.Among a variety of the shos,there is an'oketsu'syndrome,which is a stagnation and disturbance of microcirculation.The prompt effects of four anti-oketsu formulations in Kampo medicine on cardiovascular functions were compared in oketsu and non-oketsu persons.Methods:The arterial pulse wave from radial artery is formed by the combination with ejection and reflection pulses.An augmentation index(AI),a ration of the ejection and reflection pulses,indicates a degree of arteriosclerosis.For both seventy-six students with oketsu and thirty-seven students with non-oketsu,Kampo formulations overcoming oketsu of Tokishakuyakusan(TS,Dang-Gui-Shao-Yao-San),Kamishoyosan(KS,Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San),Keisibukuryogan(KB,Gui-Zhi-Fu-Ling-Wan)and Tokakujokito(TJ,Tao-He-Cheng-Qi-Tang)were taken once,and then,the cardiovascular functions including blood pressure,heart rate,central arterial blood pressure(CBP)and AI were examined for 60 min.Results:At 40-60 min after an intake,these formulations decreased the AI almost by 6-18%(n=76),by 18.3±3.1%(P<0.01,n=15)with TJ.Simultaneously,the CBP was reduced by 9.0±1.8%(P<0.05,n=23)with KS and by 9.1±2.0%(P<0.05,n=15)with TJ.On the other hands,non-oketsu group had less or no effect by any kinds of the formulations.Conclusion:The anti-oketsu formulations can exert the ameliorative action for oketsu persons via decreasing AI and CBP.展开更多
文摘A quantitative index for evaluating the performance of artery was introduced according to the idea of energy exchange between arterial wall and blood.The index was studied by using the exponential and parabolic pressure-volume relations or human arteries. Methods for estimating the index in vivo based on aWindkessel model of the arterial system were proposed. Data from patients withcongestive heart failure and hypertension were used for illustration. It was shownthat the index has physiological meaning and is a useful parameter for evaluationthe performance of artery.
文摘Background Numerous trials showed that blood pressure variability （BPV） plays an important role in triggering acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. However, few studies have clarified the relationship between the coronary artery atherosclerosis severity with BVP and ankle-brachial index （ABI）. There are few studies in which have investigated BPV, ankle-brachial index （ABI）, brachial ankle pulse wave velelocity （baPWV） and severity of coronary angiography（ CAG ） at the same time. Methods Totally 188 hypertensive patients from January 2012 to March 2015 were enrolled in this study. All the cases underwent 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring （ABPM）, CAG and ABI. The extent of coronary artery disease was assessed by the Gensini score system. The subjects were divided into four groups： A（ Gensini score=0）, B（Gensini score≤20）, C（ 20〈Gensini score 〈50）, D（Gensini score≥50）. Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression were used for analyses. Results Compared with the A and B group, most of blood pressure standard deviation and average ABI of D group were higher （P 〈 0.05）. Correlation analysis indicated that Gensini score was positively correlated with 24h systolic blood pressure standard deviation （24hsbpsd）, day systolic blood pressure standard deviation （dsbpsd） and night systolic blood pressure standard deviation（nsbpsd）; But it was reversely correlated with ABI. ABI was reversely correlated with 24hsbpsd and nsbpsd. Gensini score was positively correlated with 24hsbpsd（P=0.02） and dsbpsd（P〈0.05）, while reversely correlated with ABI（P〈0.05） by multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. Conclusion BPV and ABI are closely related to severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis. They are predictors in patients with coronary artery disease with hypertension.
文摘Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is the least recognized form of atherosclerosis and may even result in amputation if the diagnosis is delayed. Manual pulse palpation is the traditional way to diagnose PAD. Doppler ultrasonographic measurement of ankle-brachial index (ABI) is the gold standard diagnosing method but requires training and is not necessarily available as an outpatient procedure. Using automated oscillometric blood pressure devices has been suggested as an easier method for measuring the ABI. Methods: A single observer palpated the arterial dorsalis pedis, examined hand joints and measured the ABI of one hundred diabetic patients using both Doppler and oscillometric methods. The purpose of this study was to compare the oscillometric method and the manual diagnosing methods to the gold standard method of using a hand held Doppler device for measuring the ABI and detecting PAD. Results: ABI was abnormal in 24 patients (24%) (22 males, 2 females) when measured with the Doppler method. Of these 24 patients, the oscillometric method would have missed 12 giving 12 false negatives. We found that the sensitivity of the oscillometric method was 50.0% and specificity 90.8%. Clinical examination with palpation of ADP combined with limited joint mobility (LJM) scoring would have missed only four cases. Conclusions: Although the oscillometric method is easy and accessible, it is not sensitive enough to be used as the only method in measuring ABI. The simple and inexpensive ADP pulse palpation combined with testing for LMJ was able to find 20 of the 24 (83%) patients with an abnormal ABI measured by Doppler stethoscope.
文摘Objective:In traditional herbal medicine(Kampo medicine in Japan),'sho'is diagnosed by the traditional assessments of clinical conditions.Among a variety of the shos,there is an'oketsu'syndrome,which is a stagnation and disturbance of microcirculation.The prompt effects of four anti-oketsu formulations in Kampo medicine on cardiovascular functions were compared in oketsu and non-oketsu persons.Methods:The arterial pulse wave from radial artery is formed by the combination with ejection and reflection pulses.An augmentation index(AI),a ration of the ejection and reflection pulses,indicates a degree of arteriosclerosis.For both seventy-six students with oketsu and thirty-seven students with non-oketsu,Kampo formulations overcoming oketsu of Tokishakuyakusan(TS,Dang-Gui-Shao-Yao-San),Kamishoyosan(KS,Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San),Keisibukuryogan(KB,Gui-Zhi-Fu-Ling-Wan)and Tokakujokito(TJ,Tao-He-Cheng-Qi-Tang)were taken once,and then,the cardiovascular functions including blood pressure,heart rate,central arterial blood pressure(CBP)and AI were examined for 60 min.Results:At 40-60 min after an intake,these formulations decreased the AI almost by 6-18%(n=76),by 18.3±3.1%(P<0.01,n=15)with TJ.Simultaneously,the CBP was reduced by 9.0±1.8%(P<0.05,n=23)with KS and by 9.1±2.0%(P<0.05,n=15)with TJ.On the other hands,non-oketsu group had less or no effect by any kinds of the formulations.Conclusion:The anti-oketsu formulations can exert the ameliorative action for oketsu persons via decreasing AI and CBP.
