Influence of Rubber Powder Movement on Properties of Asphalt Rubber from the Mesoscopic View

The research on asphalt performance mainly focused on the macro performance and micro mechanism.Mesoscopic analysis was introduced to study the effect of rubber powder movement on asphalt rubber properties.After the preparation parameters and the preparation process of asphalt rubber were determined,the modification mechanism and rheological properties were analyzed which revealed the compatible stability mechanism.Then,the analysis model of asphalt rubber was established to focus on simulating the effect of rubber powder and the spatial movement on its mechanical properties.The experimental results show that rubber powder can make the asphalt rubber bear more uniform stress distribution and enhance the ability to resist deformation.Meanwhile,the rotational motion and final distribution of rubber powder have an obvious impact on the mechanical properties of asphalt rubber.In the selected feature points,the average stress of rubber powder at 0°space angle is only 34.1%of that at90°space angle.When the rubber powders are all in parallel in the ideal state,it enhances the mechanical properties the most.This study supplements the“mesoscopic”scale between macro and micro research.The relationship between micro mechanism and macro properties of asphalt rubber will be established from the mesoscopic perspective.It is also an effort to realize the effective correlation from micro,mesoscopic to macro in asphalt.

Mix design method of asphalt rubber open-graded friction course and its application in overlay

The mix design method of asphalt rubber open-graded friction course （AR-OGFC） by the Marshall test and key technologies of AR-OGFC overlay are studied. Based on the draindown test, the stripping test and the Marshall test by different beating times, the asphalt content estimating method and Marshall beat criterion are studied. It is found that the asphalt content of AR-OGFC can be estimated by the formula of Arizona, and the proper Marshall test criterion for AR-OGFC is 50 beats on both sides. By analyzing the influence of gradation on OGFC performance, the gradation of AR-OGFC is recommended, and the amount of aggregate passing 4. 75 mm should be minimized for AR-OGFC. Through investigation of AR-OGFC overlay projects, key technologies such as the treatment of underlying pavement and the selection of tack coat are advanced, and modified emulsified asphalt should be used in AR-OGFC overlay tack coat.

Warm asphalt rubber:A sustainable way for waste tire rubber recycling

Recycling end-of-life tire rubber as asphalt modifier is known as a sustainable paving technology with merits including enhanced pavement durability,waste tire consumption and noise reduction.However,the criticisms on the high construction emissions of asphalt rubber(AR)have limited its application.Warm mix asphalt(WMA)effectively reduces the mixing and compaction temperatures of conventional hot mix asphalt mixtures.The combination of AR and WMA,called warm asphalt rubber(WAR),is a promising paving material which achieves pavement sustainability from principles to practices.Many studies have demonstrated that WMA technologies work effectively with AR pavement in different ways,alleviating the concerns of potential higher emissions of AR by decreasing mixing and paving temperatures.A comprehensive literature review about WAR brings a better understanding of this promising paving technology.The findings of 165 publications were summarized in this review.It summarized the recent developments of WAR in various aspects,including rheological properties,mix design,mixture mechanical performance,field application,construction emission,and asphalt-rubber-WMA additive interaction.It is expected that this review is able to provide extensive information to explore further research development and application of WAR.

Experimental Survey on Dry Asphalt Rubber Concrete for Sub-ballast Layers

This paper presents the results of an experimental survey on the potential application of DARC （dry asphalt rubber concrete） in rail superstructure, within sub-ballast layers by measuring its damping and mechanical properties. Based on the environmental friendly point of view the DARC has the significant advantage as the backfill material of sub-ballast layer because the rubber comes from the waste tires of truck and its usage can results a significant recycling of non-biodegradable wastes. After a preliminary mix-design of several DARCs, with different rubber content that confirmed by using the Marshall test, the stiffness modulus and damping ratio both of a standard bituminous mixture and of dry asphalt rubber concrete with a rubber content equal to 1.5% were determined using the four points bending device. The experimental results were compared and a numerical analysis by means of a 2D lumped mass model was developed in order to evaluate the different performance within the rail superstructure in terms both of the deflection and of the pressure on sub-grade. Both the results on the mechanical and dissipative properties of the DARC and the mechanical behavior of the correlate rail superstructure encourage the authors to continue the research on the application of such material for sub-ballast layers.

Caltrans use of scrap tires in asphalt rubber products:a comprehensive review

The California Department of Transportation （Caltrans） has been using scrap tire rubber in asphalt pavements since the 1970s in chip seals and the 1980s in rubberized hot mix asphalt（RHMA）. Both the wet （field blend） and dry processes were used in early trials. Caltrans has also used rubber modified binders containing both crumb rubber modifier and polymer modifier that could be manufactured at a refinery facility, a terminal blend wet process. Since the beginning of this century, Caltrans increased the use of scrap tire rubber in paving projects and invested considerable resources in developing technically sound, cost effective, and environmentally friendly strategies for using scrap tire rubber in roadway applications. By the end of year 2010, approximately 31% of all hot mix asphalt （HMA） placed by Caltrans was rubberized HMA, roughly 1.2 million tons. Caltrans efforts in using asphalt rubber products were also demonstrated in its research and technology development. These included the construction of two full-scale field experiments, five warranty projects, and an accelerated pavement study using a heavy vehicle simulator. Additionally, terminal blend asphalt rubber and rubberized warm mix asphalts began to be experimented on trial basis. This paper provides a comprehensive review of Caltrans experience over four decades with asphalt rubber products. Current practices and future outlook are also discussed.

Interaction Theory of Asphalt and Rubber

Through scanning electron microscope （SEM）, spectral analysis, and component analysis tests, the interaction theory between asphalt and rubber was discussed. It is concluded that rubber powder become soft and bond together with each other after being mixed with asphalt. The asphalt changes from a smooth homogeneous matter to a continuous mixing system which is composed of rubber powder and asphalt. The interaction is mainly physical diffusion, but there are some chemical reactions in the process, especially at long reaction time.

Microscopic and Dynamic Rheological Characteristics of Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt

A test for crumb rubber modified asphalt containing 20% crumb rubber particles（30 mesh） was performed using a scanning electron microscope（SEM）.The experimental results indicate that the crumb rubber particles are evenly distributed in the asphalt.Shear rate sweep and shear-temperature sweep tests on the crumb rubber modified asphalt at-20-80 ℃ using a dynamic shear rheology（DSR） instrument,were carried out.The tests show that the complex modulus decreases with increasing temperature;at equivalent temperature,higher load frequencies lead to a larger complex modulus,and this value increasingly decreases as the temperature increases;the phase angle increases with temperature and decreases as the load frequency increases.It can be concluded that the rutting resistance limiting temperature of crumb rubber modified asphalt is 78 ℃,and the anti-fatigue limiting temperature is 16 ℃,which shows that the asphalt has preferable rutting resistance characteristics at high temperature,as well as anti-fatigue characteristics.In addition,the complex modulus master curve at different temperatures was plotted according to the time temperature equivalence principle,which allows the study of the dynamic state behavior of crumb rubber modified asphalt at a wide range of load frequency.

Creep Characteristics of Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt Binder

Crumb rubber modified asphalt containing 20 percent crumb rubber particles of 30 mesh has been examined by Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM） to observe the microcosmic appearance and the characteristic distribution of crumb rubber particles in asphalt. The SEM pictures reveal that the crumb rubber particles distribute evenly in the asphalt and they are compatible well with asphalt. The shear creep test of crumb rubber modified asphalt was carried out at -10 ℃ and 40 ℃ by Dynamic Shear Rheology （DSR）. The shearing deformation at different temperature and creep stiffness modulus curve at loading stage of crumb rubber modified asphalt have been measured. The stiffness modulus of crumb rubber modified asphalt is much temperature sensitive and it decays much quick at the early stage of loading than normal asphalt. The rate of decay of stiffness modulus is slow at the subsequent stage and stiffness modulus approaches to a stable value at the final stage at a higher temperature. In addition, Burgers model is suitable to describe and simulate experimental results of viscoelastic properties of the crumb rubber modified asphalt.

Optimization of technical measures for improving high-temperature performance of asphalt-rubber mixture

Asphalt-rubber pavements often become dam-aged in high-temperature regions and appear rutted or wavy, and experience slippage. To improve the high-temperature performance of the asphalt-rubber mixture, technical measurements, such as, the optimal adjustment of gradation, technique of composite modification, and control of compaction were investigated. An optimal adjustment of aggregate gradation based on stone matrix asphalt improves the high-temperature stability of the asphaltrubber mixture significantly. Through composite modifi- cation, the effect of asphalt-rubber modification was enhanced, and the dynamic stability and relative defor- mation indices of the asphalt-rubber mixture were improved significantly. Furthermore, compaction parame- ters had a significant influence on the high-temperature stability of the asphalt-rubber mixture. The rolling times for compacting the asphalt-rubber mixture should be controlled to within 18-20 round-trips at a molding temperature at 180℃; if the rolling time is a 12 round-trip, the compaction temperature of the asphalt-rubber mixture should be controlled between 180 and 190℃.

Laboratory investigation on effects of organic montmorillonite on performance of crumb rubber modified asphalt

In this paper,organic montmorillonite(OMMT)was added into crumb rubber modified asphalt(CRMA)to improve its high temperature performance,anti-aging performance and storage stability.The effects of different OMMT content on properties of CRMA were studied.The rutting factor obtained by dynamic shear rheological(DSR)test was adopted to evaluate the high-temperature performance.The creep stiffness and m value determined by the bending beam rheometer(BBR)test were employed to evaluate the low-temperature performance.The softening point,ductility,rutting factor before and after rolling thin film ovens test(RTFOT)and pressure aging vessel test(PAV)were compared to characterize the aging properties.Moreover,the segregation test after being reserved for 48 h and 7 d was conducted,and the softening point and rutting factor of upper and lower layers of segregation pipe were adopted to evaluate the storage stability.The results indicated that the high-temperature performance and anti-aging performance were developed with the increasing content of OMMT,while the low-temperature performance deteriorated.The storage stability was improved with the increasing content of OMMT before the content exceeded 4%,after which the storage stability declined.Taking account of all factors,it is suggested that the optimum content of OMMT is 3%−4%.

Experimental Study of Rubberized Asphalt Emulsion Modified Portland cement concrete

The poor fatigue properties and high rigidity of cement asphalt emulsion treated mis(CETM) have for a long time been problems restricting its further development making it impossible for C-ETMto be used as surface layer materials. In this paper, a new kind of cement asphalt emulsion composite-rubberized asphalt emulsion modified Portland cement concrete (RACC) was proposed, which was formed by dispersing rubberized aSPhalt emulsion coated coarse aggregates into cement mortar matrix. In order to evaluate systematically the performance of RACC, laboratory tests with nearly one thousand SPecimen were conducted for resilient modulus, fatigue properties, ultimate ban and length,abrasion, temperature contraction, and dry shrinkage. The experimental results show that the problems existed in C-ETM have to a great extends been solved by RACc. To verify the field performance and inquire into paving technology, teSt road appearsatlsfactory it is concluded that when thed ape surface laycr of semi-rigid base course, RACC is more for surface layer material than both Portland cement concrete(PCC) and asphalt concrete(AC)

Advances in Aging and Anti-Aging Research on Rubber-Modified Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures

Waste rubber-modified asphalt has good anti-aging properties and can significantly improve the service life of asphalt pavements. For domestic and foreign scholars of rubber modified asphalt thermal oxygen aging, photo-oxidative aging and water aging some behavioural research, and rubber asphalt aging after the characteristics of the research progress are reviewed. Especially rubber-modified asphalt after light, water and other multi-factor agingsituations, the aging situation is more serious, for rubber-modified asphalt mixture aging, rubber asphalt anti-aging process research and analysis means are still very few, the future research must have more thinking.

石墨烯复合橡胶沥青改性制备方法及应用

沥青作为基础路面工程的重要选材,其性能的好坏直接关系到路面的使用年限以及使用性能,为解决沥青在实践应用中存在的老化以及流动性问题,研究提出了一种石墨烯复合橡胶对沥青进行改性的方式,并介绍了其制备方法。通过对石墨烯复合橡胶沥青材料性能的测定发现这一材料的微观结构更为紧密,且其流变性能测试以及老化性能测试结果都明显的高于基底沥青材料,更能够符合道路工程以及建筑防水的现实需要,具有较为广泛的应用前景。

水热耦合老化对橡胶改性沥青性能影响研究

为研究水热耦合老化对橡胶改性沥青性能的影响,该文模拟热老化及水热耦合老化试验,利用常规指标试验、动态剪切流变试验与凝胶色谱试验从宏观与微观层面研究不同老化环境对沥青高低温性能的影响,利用沥青与集料的低温黏结性试验研究不同老化环境对界面性能的影响。结果表明:相较于热老化,水热耦合老化对橡胶改性沥青的延度与软化点的影响更显著;随着老化时间延长,橡胶改性沥青的车辙因子、相位角与临界温度增加,温度敏感性降低,即橡胶高温性能提高,但在水热耦合老化环境下其变化幅度会更大;热老化和水热耦合老化均导致沥青集料界面性能下降,但后者影响程度更大;大分子含量C_(LMS)(%)与分散度D值均随老化时间延长而增大,但水热耦合老化提高了前期的增长水平;D值和C_(LMS)(%)与软化点和延度具有良好的相关性。

橡胶-硅藻精土复合改性沥青的制备及机理

为了改善沥青的高温性能,采用橡胶和硅藻精土制备多种掺量的复合改性沥青。利用针入度、软化点、延度、旋转黏度试验,对不同改性沥青性能进行表征,通过曲面响应法得出改性剂最佳掺量比例,并对比橡胶沥青、橡胶-SBS复合改性沥青进行改性效果评估。采用旋转薄膜烘箱老化试验、热重分析法、差示扫描热量法、红外光谱扫描试验、扫描电镜试验研究了橡胶-硅藻精土复合改性沥青的老化性能、高温性能、微观结构和反应机理。结果表明,22%橡胶和4%硅藻精土的复合改性沥青综合性能最好。与橡胶沥青、橡胶-SBS复合改性沥青相比,橡胶-硅藻精土复合改性沥青表现出了更好的高温稳定性;橡胶粉、硅藻精土与基质沥青之间主要存在物理共混,沥青与两者形成了相互固定的均匀稳定的整体。

废胶粉改性沥青混合料路用性能研究

为保证我国道路工程建设持续高质量绿色发展,文章依托国内大市场优势,采用国产原材料与15%掺量的废胶粉改性沥青分别拌制AC-13(C),SBS(Ⅰ-D)SMA-13混合料,依据现行规范测试混合料的各项路用性能指标。测试结果表明,密级配废胶粉改性沥青混合料的高温稳定性与抗损水性能较基质沥青混合料大幅提高,基本接近SBS(Ⅰ-D)改性沥青混合料。低温抗裂性能方面表现出良好的路用性能,更适用于温差较大的地区。文章研究内容可为废胎胶粉改性沥青混合料的应用提供参考和借鉴。

基于响应曲面法的WER-SBR复合改性乳化沥青性能研究

为了定量分析水性环氧树脂(WER)和丁苯橡胶乳液(SBR)对乳化沥青性能的影响,并优化其配合比设计。基于响应曲面法设计了三因素三水平正交试验并以WER掺量、SBR掺量及固化温度为试验变量,以三大指标、车辙因子以及S/m值作为响应指标,利用Box-Behnken模型进行WER-SBR复合改性乳化沥青试验设计,并对试验结果进行回归分析。结果表明:WER能显著提高乳化沥青的高温性能,而低温性能的改善主要得益于SBR的低温柔韧性,固化温度对各响应指标的影响均呈现先增加后减小的变化趋势;当WER掺量为16%,SBR掺量为4%,固化温度为70℃时综合性能最优,其三大指标均满足规范值,高低温性能均优于单一改性乳化沥青和基质乳化沥青;实际试验值与预测值误差均不超过1%,表明改性剂掺量及固化条件可以利用响应曲面法进行设计、优化、预测,且结果具有一定的可靠度。

低温等离子体活化氯丁橡胶和乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物及其复配改性沥青的性能

为提升胶粉改性沥青的性能,以与基质沥青质量比为11/100的氯丁橡胶(CR)和3/100的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)为改性剂制备了改性沥青,采用低温等离子体活化CR/EVA以进一步提升复配改性沥青的性能,研究了单一改性、复配改性和低温等离子体活化复配改性沥青(A-CR/EVA-MA)的路用性能,并使用扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析了各改性沥青的微观机理。结果表明,各改性沥青的路用性能均有提升,总体表现为活化复配改性优于复配改性和单一改性;A-CR/EVA-MA的针入度、软化点、延度、布氏黏度及抗车辙因子较基质沥青分别提升了46%、47%、95%、253%和278%,存储稳定性也得到了进一步提高;低温等离子体活化技术增加了改性剂的比表面积和表面官能团含量,提高了改性剂对沥青中轻质组分的吸附能力,促进了CR和EVA与沥青的紧密结合,有效提升了改性沥青的路用性能。

废旧橡胶沥青发泡特性与最佳发泡条件研究

【目的】弥补传统泡沫沥青冷再生混合料力学性能的不足,将橡胶沥青与发泡技术结合,开发一种新型橡胶泡沫沥青。【方法】借助废植物油预润工艺制备了胶粉掺量为15.0%的两种不同活化程度的橡胶沥青,通过发泡特性优化试验,确定最佳发泡条件与工艺技术。【结果】采用活化橡胶沥青制备泡沫沥青具有可行性,发泡气压、发泡温度和发泡用水量对橡胶沥青发泡效果具有重要影响。橡胶沥青的膨胀率随发泡气压的升高而降低,本研究推荐300 kPa为最佳发泡气压。联合废植物油活化工艺和发泡剂,可实现膨胀率高达20.2倍、半衰期超过30 s的发泡效果。【结论】本研究有望解决橡胶沥青发泡效果差的难题,为橡胶泡沫沥青的推广应用提供技术参考。

微藻生物油对橡胶/SBS改性沥青性能的影响

为了改善橡胶粉与基质沥青的相容性,采用微藻生物油(MB)对橡胶粉进行改性,并与质量分数为5%的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SBS)复合制备了改性沥青;通过红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜,分析了橡胶粉改性前后的变化;采用黏度、荧光、相分离测试,分析了改性前后橡胶在沥青中的分散性;通过动态剪切流变和多重应力蠕变恢复试验,分析了改性沥青的力学性能和耐老化性能。结果表明,MB的掺入提高混合体系中轻组分占比,促进胶粉(CR)在沥青中的溶胀发育,提高了改性沥青的贮藏稳定性、黏弹性和抗车辙性。