AssessITS: Integrating Procedural Guidelines and Practical Evaluation Metrics for Organizational IT and Cybersecurity Risk Assessment

In today’s digitally driven landscape, robust Information Technology (IT) risk assessment practices are essential for safeguarding systems, digital communication, and data. This paper introduces “AssessITS,” an actionable method designed to provide organizations with comprehensive guidelines for conducting IT and cybersecurity risk assessments. Drawing extensively from NIST 800-30 Rev 1, COBIT 5, and ISO 31000, “AssessITS” bridges the gap between high-level theoretical standards and practical implementation challenges. The paper outlines a step-by-step methodology that organizations can simply adopt to systematically identify, analyze, and mitigate IT risks. By simplifying complex principles into actionable procedures, this framework equips practitioners with the tools needed to perform risk assessments independently, without too much reliance on external vendors. The guidelines are developed to be straightforward, integrating practical evaluation metrics that allow for the precise quantification of asset values, threat levels, vulnerabilities, and impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This approach ensures that the risk assessment process is not only comprehensive but also accessible, enabling decision-makers to implement effective risk mitigation strategies customized to their unique operational contexts. “AssessITS” aims to enable organizations to enhance their IT security strength through practical, actionable guidance based on internationally recognized standards.

Risk Assessment of Deep-Water Horizontal X-Tree Installation

Due to the high potential risk and many influencing factors of subsea horizontal X-tree installation,to guarantee the successful completion of sea trials of domestic subsea horizontal X-trees,this paper established a modular risk evaluation model based on a fuzzy fault tree.First,through the analysis of the main process oftree down and combining the Offshore&Onshore Reliability Data(OREDA)failure statistics and the operation procedure and the data provided by the job,the fault tree model of risk analysis of the tree down installation was established.Then,by introducing the natural language of expert comprehensive evaluation and combining fuzzy principles,quantitative analysis was carried out,and the fuzzy number was used to calculate the failure probability of a basic event and the occurrence probability of a top event.Finally,through a sensitivity analysis of basic events,the basic events of top events significantly affected were determined,and risk control and prevention measures for the corresponding high-risk factors were proposed for subsea horizontal X-tree down installation.

A risk assessment method considering risk attributes and work safety informational needs and its application

The technological revolution has spawned a new generation of industrial systems,but it has also put forward higher requirements for safety management accuracy,timeliness,and systematicness.Risk assessment needs to evolve to address the existing and future challenges by considering the new demands and advancements in safety management.The study aims to propose a systematic and comprehensive risk assessment method to meet the needs of process system safety management.The methodology first incorporates possibility,severity,and dynamicity(PSD)to structure the“51X”evaluation indicator system,including the inherent,management,and disturbance risk factors.Subsequently,the four-tier(risk point-unit-enterprise-region)risk assessment(RA)mathematical model has been established to consider supervision needs.And in conclusion,the application of the PSD-RA method in ammonia refrigeration workshop cases and safety risk monitoring systems is presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed PSD-RA method in safety management.The findings show that the PSD-RA method can be well integrated with the needs of safety work informatization,which is also helpful for implementing the enterprise's safety work responsibility and the government's safety supervision responsibility.

Durability evaluation for existing railway engineering: a review

Purpose – This study aims to analyze the factors, evaluation techniques of the durability of existing railwayengineering.Design/methodology/approach – China has built a railway network of over 150,000 km. Ensuring thesafety of the existing railway engineering is of great significance for maintaining normal railway operationorder. However, railway engineering is a strip structure that crosses multiple complex environments. Andrailway engineering will withstand high-frequency impact loads from trains. The above factors have led todifferences in the deterioration characteristics and maintenance strategies of railway engineering compared toconventional concrete structures. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the key factors that affect thedurability of railway structures and propose technologies for durability evaluation.Findings – The factors that affect the durability and reliability of railway engineering are mainly divided intothree categories: material factors, environmental factors and load factors. Among them, material factors alsoinclude influencing factors, such as raw materials, mix proportions and so on. Environmental factors varydepending on the service environment of railway engineering, and the durability and deterioration of concretehave different failure mechanisms. Load factors include static load and train dynamic load. The on-site rapiddetection methods for five common diseases in railway engineering are also proposed in this paper. Thesemethods can quickly evaluate the durability of existing railway engineering concrete.Originality/value – The research can provide some new evaluation techniques and methods for thedurability of existing railway engineering.

Multiparametric ultrasound as a new concept of assessment of liver tissue damage

Liver disease accounts for approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide.All chronic liver diseases(CLDs),whether of toxic,genetic,autoimmune,or infectious origin,undergo typical histological changes in the structure of the tissue.These changes may include the accumulation of extracellular matrix material,fats,triglycerides,or tissue scarring.Noninvasive methods for diagnosing CLD,such as conventional B-mode ultrasound(US),play a significant role in diagnosis.Doppler US,when coupled with B-mode US,can be helpful in evaluating the hemodynamics of hepatic vessels and detecting US findings associated with hepatic decompensation.US elastography can assess liver stiffness,serving as a surrogate marker for liver fibrosis.It is important to note that interpreting these values should not rely solely on a histological classification.Contrast-enhanced US(CEUS)provides valuable information on tissue perfusion and enables excellent differentiation between benign and malignant focal liver lesions.Clinical evaluation,the etiology of liver disease,and the patient current comorbidities all influence the interpretation of liver stiffness measurements.These measurements are most clinically relevant when interpreted as a probability of compensated advanced CLD.B-mode US offers a subjective estimation of fatty infiltration and has limited sensitivity for mild steatosis.The controlled attenuation parameter requires a dedicated device,and cutoff values are not clearly defined.Quan-titative US parameters for liver fat estimation include the attenuation coefficient,backscatter coefficient,and speed of sound.These parameters offer the advantage of providing fat quantification alongside B-mode evaluation and other US parameters.Multiparametric US(MPUS)of the liver introduces a new concept for complete noninvasive diagnosis.It encourages examiners to utilize the latest features of an US machine,including conventional B-mode,liver stiffness evaluation,fat quantification,dispersion imaging,Doppler US,and CEUS for focal liver lesion characterization.This comprehensive approach allows for diagnosis in a single examination,providing clinicians worldwide with a broader perspective and becoming a cornerstone in their diagnostic arsenal.MPUS,in the hands of skilled clinicians,becomes an invaluable predictive tool for diagnosing,staging,and monitoring CLD.

The Application of Formative Assessment in Interactive Comprehensive English Classroom Teaching

Teaching evaluation is an important part of the teaching process of college English courses,and effective formative assessment can reflect the entire teaching process from multiple perspectives and ensure the smooth achievement of teaching objectives.Formative assessment is an assessment that runs through the entire learning process,based on humanism and constructivism,with various forms of evaluation.

Research on the Assessment System of Computational Mechanics Courses Based on the TOPSIS Entropy Weight Model

This paper takes the assessment and evaluation of computational mechanics course as the background,and constructs a diversified course evaluation system that is student-centered and integrates both quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods.The system not only pays attention to students’practical operation and theoretical knowledge mastery but also puts special emphasis on the cultivation of students’innovative abilities.In order to realize a comprehensive and objective evaluation,the assessment and evaluation method of the entropy weight model combining TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution)multi-attribute decision analysis and entropy weight theory is adopted,and its validity and practicability are verified through example analysis.This method can not only comprehensively and objectively evaluate students’learning outcomes,but also provide a scientific decision-making basis for curriculum teaching reform.The implementation of this diversified course evaluation system can better reflect the comprehensive ability of students and promote the continuous improvement of teaching quality.

Green evaluation of microwave-assisted leaching process of high titanium slag on life cycle assessment

A greenness evaluation index and system of microwave-assisted leaching method were established.The effects of the life cycle assessment variables,such as the resource consumption,environment impact,cost,time and quality,were investigated,and the concept of green degree was applied in the production of synthetic rutile.An analytic hierarchy process was utilized to assess matrix of greenness evaluation.The Gauss-Seidel iterative matrix method was employed to solve the assessment matrix and obtain the weights and membership functions of all evaluation indexes.A fuzzy decision-making method was applied to build the greenness evaluation model,and then the scores of green degree in microwave-assisted leaching process was obtained.The greenness evaluation model was applied to the life cycle assessment of the microwave-assisted leaching process.The results show that the microwave-assisted leaching process has advantages over the conventional ones,with respect to energy-consumption,processing time and environmental protection.

Integrated evaluation system under randomness and fuzziness for groundwater contamination risk assessment in a little town, Central China

An integrated evaluation system under randomness and fuzziness was developed in this work to systematically assess the risk of groundwater contamination in a little town, Central China. In this system, randomness of the parameters and the fuzziness of the risk were considered simultaneously, and the exceeding standard probability of contamination and human health risk due to the contamination were integrated. The contamination risk was defined as a combination of "vulnerability" and "hazard". To calculate the value of "vulnerability", pollutant concentration was simulated by MODFLOW with random input variables and a new modified health risk assessment(MRA) model was established to analyze the level of "hazard". The limit concentration based on environmental-guideline and health risk due to manganese were systematically examined to obtain the general risk levels through a fuzzy rule base. The "vulnerability" and "hazard" were divided into five categories of "high", "medium-high", "medium", "low-medium" and "low", respectively. Then, "vulnerability" and "hazard" were firstly combined by integrated evaluation. Compared with the other two scenarios under deterministic methods, the risk obtained in the proposed system is higher. This research illustrated that ignoring of uncertainties in evaluation process might underestimate the risk level.

Perceptual Quality Assessment of Omnidirectional Images:Subjective Experiment and Objective Model Evaluation

Virtual reality(VR) environment can provide immersive experience to viewers.Under the VR environment, providing a good quality of experience is extremely important.Therefore, in this paper, we present an image quality assessment(IQA) study on omnidirectional images. We first build an omnidirectional IQA(OIQA) database, including 16 source images with their corresponding 320 distorted images. We add four commonly encountered distortions. These distortions are JPEG compression, JPEG2000 compression, Gaussian blur, and Gaussian noise. Then we conduct a subjective quality evaluation study in the VR environment based on the OIQA database. Considering that visual attention is more important in VR environment, head and eye movement data are also tracked and collected during the quality rating experiments. The 16 raw and their corresponding distorted images,subjective quality assessment scores, and the head-orientation data and eye-gaze data together constitute the OIQA database. Based on the OIQA database, we test some state-of-the-art full-reference IQA(FR-IQA) measures on equirectangular format or cubic formatomnidirectional images. The results show that applying FR-IQA metrics on cubic format omnidirectional images could improve their performance. The performance of some FR-IQA metrics combining the saliency weight of three different types are also tested based on our database. Some new phenomena different from traditional IQA are observed.

Analysis on evaluation ability of nonlinear safety assessment model of coal mines based on artificial neural network

Based on the integration analysis of goods and shortcomings of various methods used in safety assessment of coal mines, combining nonlinear feature of mine safety sub-system, this paper establishes the neural network assessment model of mine safety, analyzes the ability of artificial neural network to evaluate mine safety state, and lays the theoretical foundation of artificial neural network using in the systematic optimi- zation of mine safety assessment and getting reasonable accurate safety assessment result.

Regional landslide hazard assessment based on Distance Evaluation Model

There are many factors influencing landslide occurrence.The key for landslide control is to confirm the regional landslide hazard factors.The Cameron Highlands of Malaysia was selected as the study area.By bivariate statistical analysis method with GIS software the authors analyzed the relationships among landslides and environmental factors such as lithology,geomorphy,elevation,road and land use.Distance Evaluation Model was developed with Landslide Density(LD).And the assessment of landslide hazard of Cameron Highlands was performed.The result shows that the model has higher prediction precision.

Ageing Assessment, Condition Inspection and Lifetime Evaluation for Safety Related Fuse in Nuclear Power Plant

This paper presents the ageing mechanism of fuse in nuclear power plant in detail. Metal Electromigration is identified as the dominant ageing mechanism. On this basis, the dominant status indicators, temperature and resistance of fuse were ensured, and current-temperature curve was proposed. The infrared thermal imaging technology was used to inspect the ageing condition and prove the current-temperature curve. Finally, the accelerated ageing testing was conducted abiding by the dominant ageing mechanism, and the lifetime was evaluated.

Application of Matrix Approach for Evaluation and Assessment the Potential of Recreational Ecosystem Service in Model Regions in Slovakia

Recreation and tourism are important for economic growth and human wellbeing. They are directly related to the cultural services provided by ecosystems. Recreational services, as part of tourism, have the greatest potential for development within the sector of services in the Slovak economy, and they are able to generate a significant number of new jobs especially in small rural regions. There is a gap in the literature providing assessments of geographically small regions in relation to their potential to provide different types of ecosystem services. The aim of the article was to evaluate and assess the recreational potential of ecosystem services in two small pilot regions of the Slovak Republic, Brezno district and Krupina district. Modified matrix of indices was used. Results showed that Brezno district has a higher area of ecosystems with a higher potential for recreation, therefore the conditions for recreation and tourism are much better in comparison to Krupina district. However, the use of recreation potential in Brezno district is negatively affected by the availability of sites and transport options, which is reflected in a lower ratio of visitors to the capacity of recreation potential. This finding opens up discussion about opportunities to create new jobs within sustainable tourism in Brezno district. This study provides an alternative view to the assessment and evaluation of the recreational potential of ecosystem services in small regions. Moreover, the methodology developed in this paper is replicable and could be applied by planners using geographical information systems.

Post Evaluation of Wind Resource Assessment and Micro-Siting

The design energy productions deviate from the actual situation, which are affected by the accuracy of two significant factors - the wind resource assessment and wind farm micro-siting. A running wind farm in northern China was taken as the object in this investigation. The measured data obtained in operation phase and the relevant information in design phase were integrated and a post evaluation of wind resource assessment, micro-siting and generating capacity reduction factors of the wind farm in design phase was provided. The results indicate that the representative year wind regimes of the wind farm in design phase can basically reflect the wind conditions in the wind farm without the consideration of the trends of long-term changes in wind speed;micro-siting project in design phase is superior to that in practical;generating capacity reduction factors, overall on the high side, should be further optimized considering 20-year operation period.

Usability Evaluation and Assessment of Computed Tomography Scan

Usability is a vital characteristic in operating medical machines, especially radiological machines, such as computed tomography (CT) scans and X-rays. The more the body is exposed to it, the greater the negative effect has. If usability is crucial to a specific industry, it is more crucial in the medical health industry due to its tremendous effect on safety and the patient’s health. This study examines the usability of CT scans based on 14 attributes from hospitals across Saudi Arabia. The study revealed that usability consistency, visibility, minimalism, memory, and flexibility have the most usability catastrophic complaints, where the overall catastrophic rate exceeds 20%. Creating a shortcut for frequently used operations is critically important, because it has a fundamental effect in minimizing physical and mental exertion.

Community Evaluation and Impact Assessment of Revitalization Project: A Case Study in Hong Kong

With the aim of promoting sustainable conservation and development of historic buildings in Hong Kong, the Hong Kong government introduced the Revitalizing Historic Buildings Through Partnership Scheme in 2007 to conserve and revitalize government-owned historic buildings. Since the announcement of the Revitalization Scheme, many people have criticized that the revitalization projects ended up not for the benefit of the local communities. Based on a completed revitalization project (the former North Kowloon Magistracy building) and situated within the literature of revitalization practices, community involvement, community evaluation, and impact assessment, this paper explored how community involvement with the revitalization project might influence the community’s evaluation of the project’s outcomes. The research found that community connections or involvement with the revitalization project significantly affected the community’s evaluation of the project’s various impacts.

Reformed Environmental Impact Assessment in China: An Evaluation of Its Effectiveness

Since 2015, a “reform storm” of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) opened up in China. This study tries to answer the question of whether these reforms improve the effectiveness of EIA. First, we elaborate on the reforms along with three well-acknowledged components, including EIA legislation, administration, and process. Then, evaluate the reformed EIA system against revised Ahmad and Wood’s criteria. The results demonstrate that the revised laws and regulations are more stringent than the old versions. The EIA process is simplified, and its coordination with the pollutant discharge permit system is promoted. The interim and post-event supervision is currently more robust and the penalties are more severe than before. However, the hierarchical position of the Environmental Protection Law is not high enough and the coordination of different government departments is still challenging. In summary, despite the problems occurring at the initial phase of reforms, the effectiveness of the EIA system has largely been improved.

Assessment of Negative Self-Image and Fear of Negative Evaluation Among Adolescents and Young Adults

Concern with real or imagined defect in physical appearance can become a major preoccupation during adolescence and young adult years. This is because, changes of puberty, rapid physical growth, and resulting sexual maturation that characterizes this age can trigger feelings of self-consciousness and awkwardness about body-image perceptions. In addition, the ＂perfect＂ body-image as dictated in the social culture could become a measure of self-worth, and this is capable of triggering negative self-image and social anxiety among adolescents. This study seeks to assess the incidence of negative self-image （preoccupation with real or imagined defect in physical appearance） and social anxiety characterized by fear of negative evaluation, among adolescents and young adults. Samples of 329 participants in the age range of 16-25 were drawn from the first and second years students of Federal University Wukari and University of Lagos, Nigeria. Participants completed a socio-demographic data sheet as well as NSII （Negative Self-Image Inventory） and revalidated version of FNE （Fear of Negative Evaluation）. Findings revealed that there is a correlation between negative self-image and fear of negative evaluation; males manifested higher symptoms of negative self-image than females; young adults aged 21-25 presented higher negative self-image that those aged 16-20, adolescents and young adults from Lagos metropolis experience higher manifestation of fear of negative evaluation than those from Wukari axis. This study therefore adds to knowledge in this area.

Research on the Reform of Course Assessment and Evaluation in Colleges and Universities

Under the background of the new concept of“four evaluations”,colleges and universities need to strengthen the management of learning process,promote the reform of curriculum process evaluation,build a diversified student learning evaluation system,reflect the achievement of curriculum objectives,timely feedback and form continuous improvement.This paper discusses the necessity of the reform of college curriculum evaluation,interprets the concept of the new concept,and puts forward the implementation method of the evaluation reform,in order to contribute to the reform of college curriculum evaluation.