数据空间建设的实践进展与运营模式分析——基于Data Spaces Radar的案例

数据空间建设为数据要素的价值实现提供了可资借鉴的实践经验,全面解析其实践进展与运营模式,有助于破解数据流通的现实堵点、拓展数据利用的发展思路。文章首先将结构主义分析方法中的案例研究法作为主要研究方法,综合运用文献调研、比较分析等方法,以Data Spaces Radar为案例来源,从实践进展、运营模式、核心要素等维度提炼数据空间建设特征。其次,在制度与技术的双轮驱动下,数据空间建设秉持制度规范统一性、技术设计整体性和治理模式协同性的架构原则,并按照产业思维、底线思维、信任思维、链式思维、集约思维的底层逻辑,形成较为完整的运营体系。未来应着力探索和解决数据空间视域下的数据资源价值化开发路径,针对数据流通堵点、利用痛点及信任难点问题,从体制机制、政策框架与技术应用等角度为推进我国的数据要素流通利用提供有益参考。

AMAD:Adaptive Mapping Approach for Datacenter Networks,an Energy-Friend Resource Allocation Framework via Repeated Leader Follower Game

Cloud Datacenter Network(CDN)providers usually have the option to scale their network structures to allow for far more resource capacities,though such scaling options may come with exponential costs that contradict their utility objectives.Yet,besides the cost of the physical assets and network resources,such scaling may also imposemore loads on the electricity power grids to feed the added nodes with the required energy to run and cool,which comes with extra costs too.Thus,those CDNproviders who utilize their resources better can certainly afford their services at lower price-units when compared to others who simply choose the scaling solutions.Resource utilization is a quite challenging process;indeed,clients of CDNs usually tend to exaggerate their true resource requirements when they lease their resources.Service providers are committed to their clients with Service Level Agreements(SLAs).Therefore,any amendment to the resource allocations needs to be approved by the clients first.In this work,we propose deploying a Stackelberg leadership framework to formulate a negotiation game between the cloud service providers and their client tenants.Through this,the providers seek to retrieve those leased unused resources from their clients.Cooperation is not expected from the clients,and they may ask high price units to return their extra resources to the provider’s premises.Hence,to motivate cooperation in such a non-cooperative game,as an extension to theVickery auctions,we developed an incentive-compatible pricingmodel for the returned resources.Moreover,we also proposed building a behavior belief function that shapes the way of negotiation and compensation for each client.Compared to other benchmark models,the assessment results showthat our proposed models provide for timely negotiation schemes,allowing for better resource utilization rates,higher utilities,and grid-friend CDNs.

A Systematic Literature Review on Task Allocation and Performance Management Techniques in Cloud Data Center

As cloud computing usage grows,cloud data centers play an increasingly important role.To maximize resource utilization,ensure service quality,and enhance system performance,it is crucial to allocate tasks and manage performance effectively.The purpose of this study is to provide an extensive analysis of task allocation and performance management techniques employed in cloud data centers.The aim is to systematically categorize and organize previous research by identifying the cloud computing methodologies,categories,and gaps.A literature review was conducted,which included the analysis of 463 task allocations and 480 performance management papers.The review revealed three task allocation research topics and seven performance management methods.Task allocation research areas are resource allocation,load-Balancing,and scheduling.Performance management includes monitoring and control,power and energy management,resource utilization optimization,quality of service management,fault management,virtual machine management,and network management.The study proposes new techniques to enhance cloud computing work allocation and performance management.Short-comings in each approach can guide future research.The research’s findings on cloud data center task allocation and performance management can assist academics,practitioners,and cloud service providers in optimizing their systems for dependability,cost-effectiveness,and scalability.Innovative methodologies can steer future research to fill gaps in the literature.

Panel Data Based Dynamic Evaluation of Agricultural Resource Utilization Efficiency: A Case Study of Hebei Province

Resource utilization efficiency is one of important factors influencing modern agricultural development. This paper evaluates agricultural resource utilization efficiency of Hebei Province in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period by dynamic comprehensive evaluation method. Evaluation results indicate that regional disparity in agricultural resource utilization efficiency is significant, and the disparity is increasing year by year.

A Research on College English Network Teaching Resources Integration and Utilization in Big Data Era

Based on the background of ＂big-data-blowout＂, this thesis is about research on college English network teaching resources integration and utilization confronted with the chance of ＂data value, the data assets and data say＂, analyzing the inevitable challenge of ＂competition, digital divide and data privacy＂, discussing that the researchers should hold big data thinking of ＂peaks of road ＆ dances with wolves ＆ be interdependent＂, emphasizing the improvement from college English teacher＇s modem education technical information literacy[1] and putting forward to resource integration and utilization strategy in the era of big data.

To Overcome the Obstacle of Data Exchange to Increase the Utilization Efficiency of Accounting Data

On Nov.4^(th), AQSIQ (General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People' s Republic of China), SAC (Standardization Administrationof China), National Audit Office of China (CNAO), and National Ministry of Finance of China jointlyheld the conference press on the national standard of Information Technology--Data Interface ofAccounting Software (GB/T 19581-2004) in Beijing. The standard was approved and issued on Sept. 20,2004 by AQSIQ and SAC, and it would come into effect all over the whole nation from January 1^(st),2005. Pu Changcheng, Vice Director of AQSIQ, Shi Aizhong, Vice Director of CNAO, Li Zhonghai. amember of the Party Group of AQSIQ and Director of SAC, the other leaders of concerned departmentssuch as National Ministry of Finance, National Telegraphy Office, and etc. attended the ConferencePress and made speeches. They fully affirmed the important significance and the achievements onstandardization work of electronic government business, and also they set new demands on the workfor the future.

Review of data security within energy blockchain:A comprehensive analysis of storage,management,and utilization

Energy systems are currently undergoing a transformation towards new paradigms characterized by decarbonization,decentralization,democratization,and digitalization.In this evolving context,energy blockchain,aiming to enhance efficiency,transparency,and security,emerges as an integrated technological solution designed to address the diverse challenges in this field.Data security is essential for the reliable and efficient functioning of energy blockchain.The pressing need to address challenges related to secure data storage,effective data management,and efficient data utilization is increasingly vital.This paper offers a comprehensive survey of academic discourse on energy blockchain data security over the past five years,adopting an all-encompassing perspective that spans data storage,management,and utilization.Our work systematically evaluates and contrasts the strengths and weaknesses of various research methodologies.Additionally,this paper proposes an integrated hierarchical on-chain and off-chain security energy blockchain architecture,specifically designed to meet the complex security requirements of multi-blockchain business environments.Concludingly,this paper identifies key directions for future research,particularly in advancing the integration of storage,management,and utilization of energy blockchain data security.

Urban Water Resource Utilization Efficiency in China

The efficient use of water resources directly affects environmental, social, and economic development; therefore, it has a significant impact on urban populations. A slacks-based measure for data envelopment analysis （SBM-DEA） has been widely used in energy efficiency and environmental efficiency analyses in recent years. Based on this model, data from 316 cities were examined and a category method was employed involving three different sorting techniques to empirically evaluate the efficiency of urban water re- source utilization in China between 2000 and 2012. The overall efficiency （OE） of urban water resource utilization in China was initially low, but has improved over the past decade. The scale efficiency （SE） was higher than the pure technological efficiency （PTE）; PTE is a major determining factor of OE, and has had an increasingly significant effect. The efficiency of water resource utilization varied ac- cording to the region, urban scale, and economic function. The OE score for the eastern China was higher than for the rest of the region, and the OE score for the western China was higher than for the central China. The OE score for urban water resource utilization has improved with urban expansion, except in the case of small cities. The SE showed an inverted U-shaped＇ trend with increasing urban expansion. The OE of urban water utilization in comprehensive functional cities was greater than in economic specialization cities, and was greater in heavy industry specialization cities than in other specialization cities. This study contributes to the field of urban water resource management by examining variations in efficiency with urban ~ezle

A Study of the Driving Force Model Revealing Changes in Land Utilization Level Based on 3S Technologies ——The Example of Yuanmou, Yunnan, China

This paper introduced the theory and approaches of building driving forcemodels revealing the changes in land utilization level by integrating RS, GPS, and GIS technologiesbased on the example of Yuanmou County of Yunnan Province. We first created the land utilizationtype database, natural driving forces for land utilization database, and human driving forces forland utilization database. Then we obtained the dependent and the independent variables of changesin land utilization level by exploring various data. Lastly we screened major factors affectingchanges in land utilization level by using the powerful spatial correlation analysis and maincomponent analysis module of GIS and obtained a multivariable linear regression model of thechangesin land utilization level by using GIS spatial regression analysis module.

China's Industrial Capacity Utilization:Sectoral Comparison,Regional Differences and Determinants

Using provincial-level data, this paper has estimated capacity utilization, technical efficiency and equipment utilization for China's industrial sectors, conducted a comparative analysis of capacity utilization across various sectors, provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, and discussed the determinants of capacity utilization. We have reached the following conclusions:(1) China's average industrial capacity utilization stood at 69.3% between 2001 and 2011, rising for most of the time before 2008 and generally declining afterwards;(2) among the two sources of capacity utilization, equipment utilization is lower than technical efficiency and constitutes a major factor affecting capacity utilization, yet technical efficiency has demonstrated a significant trend of decline in recent years;(3) at the industry level, industrial capacity utilization is generally high for light industries such as textiles while generally low for mining, public utilities and heavy industries in manufacturing;(4) at the regional level, capacity utilization, technical efficiency and equipment utilization are much higher in the eastern region than in the other regions, where the levels are relatively close to each other;(5) economic growth and the level of market-based operation have a significant positive correlation with capacity utilization, while industry capital intensity, the share of output value from SOEs and local government investment intensity have a significant negative correlation with capacity utilization.

数据要素嵌入、双元创新与制造业转型升级

数据作为全新的生产要素成为制造业转型升级的重要引擎,双元创新是助推数据要素有效嵌入实体经济的关键动力。基于双元创新视角,剖析数据要素嵌入赋能制造业转型升级的理论机制,运用2008—2020年中国A股制造业上市企业数据进行实证检验。结果显示:数据要素嵌入能够有效赋能制造业转型升级,该结论在一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;双元创新在数据要素嵌入赋能制造业转型升级中发挥着中介作用,且更多地通过探索式创新促进制造业转型升级,利用式创新的中介效应尚不显著;进一步分析发现,数据要素嵌入赋能制造业转型升级的影响效应在企业内部微观特征和外部宏观环境层面存在异质性。因此,建议应有效推进数据要素市场化配置改革,营造数据要素赋能外部环境;持续提升企业探索式创新动力,激发数据要素赋能制造业转型升级的活力;积极引导企业数字化转型,推动数据要素与传统要素的深度融合。

基于TOE框架的公共数据开放利用水平影响因素及提升路径分析

[目的/意义]揭示公共数据开放利用多重影响因素耦合下的多元路径,有助于深化理解公共数据利用联动效应,促进数据价值释放。[方法/过程]以27个省份为研究对象,基于TOE框架构建公共数据开放利用影响因素框架,通过模糊集定性比较分析和必要条件分析的方法进行组态路径分析,最终基于组态分析结果提出相应路径提升对策。[结果/结论]高与非高公共数据开放利用均存在4类组态路径,为其他地区因地制宜提升公共数据开放利用水平提供了路径借鉴。我国各地方应遵循国家公共数据开放指导思想,结合地方优势和特点选择适宜的路径以提升公共数据开放利用水平。

我国公共数据授权运营的进展解析——兼论对数据要素化导向下数字档案资源开发利用的启示

解析我国公共数据授权运营实践进展,旨在明确公共数据授权运营的行动要素与实践特质,为数据要素化导向下数字档案资源开发利用的创新发展提供参考。文章从目标、对象、主体、方式方面梳理数字档案资源开发利用参照于公共数据授权运营的适用性,并进一步解析我国公共数据授权运营实践,发现其行动要素呈现为:多重的运营定位、渐为多元的行动主体、面向场景的共享数据对象、求同存异的运营方式、逐显成效的运营成果和政策平台并举的授权运营保障。最后针对数字档案资源开发利用提出启示:在定位、主体、数据对象、政策与平台保障层面有效参考公共数据授权运营各要素的设定;在共进视角下由档案为公共数据授权运营提供优化思路。

东北三省耕地利用格局变化对粮食全要素生产率的影响

耕地是粮食生产最基本的要素,当前粮食需求扩大与粮食生产区域性不足矛盾突出,寻求更合理的耕地利用格局来实现粮食全要素生产率的提升具有重要意义。本研究基于土地利用/土地覆被变化(LUCC)遥感监测数据,应用GIS软件提取东北三省2000、2005、2010、2015年耕地利用格局相关数据,同时运用数据包络分析模型估算了2000、2005、2010年和2015年东北三省区域和市域粮食全要素生产率。在耕地利用格局变化分析和粮食全要素生产率测算的基础上,从耕地利用格局变化的角度选取指标构建面板数据模型,定量分析其对粮食全要素生产率的影响。结果表明:东北三省市域粮食全要素生产率4个时期均值分别为0.81、0.78、0.82和0.83,粮食全要素生产率空间分布从最初的相对均匀到局部集聚;耕地转出率和耕地斑块破碎度与粮食全要素生产率呈负相关关系,耕地面积比例、耕地转入率和耕地斑块聚合度与粮食全要素生产率呈正相关关系;东北三省粮食全要素生产率提高主要源于耕地面积增加、林地和未利用地向耕地的转入以及耕地在流域的聚合,粮食全要素生产率的降低主要源于耕地转入减少和建设用地对耕地的嵌入式占用。研究表明,严格规划耕地利用格局、持续开展土地整理、提高耕地聚合度,可在保证耕地有效数量的同时,提高耕地利用格局的集聚性和合理性,促进粮食全要素生产率的提升。

基于滑动窗口含负项的高效用模式挖掘

针对传统高效用模式挖掘均未考虑项的效用值为负,以及对流数据处理的时效性问题,提出一种基于滑动窗口的高效用挖掘算法HUPN_SW。利用一种新定义的滑动窗口正负效用列表PNSWU-List,维护挖掘最近批次高效用模式集所需的所有信息,实现有效的逐批次挖掘,避免重复的数据库扫描,在不产生候选效用模式集的情况下,直接挖掘出高效用模式,使HUPN_SW有效适应于动态流数据。实验结果表明,HUPN_SW算法在运行时间和可扩展性方面有良好表现。

基于规则的科学数据安全治理框架:理解数据“保护-利用”失衡及挑战的新工具

随着全球数据安全法律法规愈发关注隐私保护,以及数据主权、科技竞争和地缘政治等新型治理因素的影响,科学数据的“保护”要求不断提高。这种趋势在一定程度上抑制了数据采集、处理、传输和分析等“利用”功能,并对既有科学数据的“保护-利用”平衡产生了负面影响。目前,这种失衡趋势表现为法律合规负担过重以及公共科学数据可用性逐渐减弱等治理挑战,现有研究和实践缺乏必要的分析工具来全面、系统地理解并应对这些挑战。为填补这一空白,论文提出了一个基于规则的科学数据安全治理框架,旨在从法律法规、伦理规范和机构政策等安全治理规则的角度系统分析“保护-利用”失衡及相关挑战。该框架整合了主要的科学数据安全治理规则类型,并结合“岛桥模型”、“法律-伦理”均衡和“适度落实”原则等三项分析工具,构建了治理规则与“保护-利用”平衡之间的传导路径。通过这一框架,论文解释并初步验证了其在理解科学数据合规责任过重和公共科学数据可用性弱化两大挑战中的应用价值。在全球科学数据安全法规日趋严苛的背景下,本文提出的基于规则的分析视角及相关工具,丰富了科学数据安全治理的理论基础,并为学术界、数据管理者和政策制定者提供了应对当前挑战的有效工具和政策沟通的理论支撑。这一框架为未来在数据安全治理中的应用和扩展提供了重要参考,也为保障科学数据的可持续利用提供了关键指导。

资源失配时低代价的数据与计算密集型服务重配

随着边缘计算的广泛应用,近年来在网络边缘侧激增了一些延迟敏感的用户请求,这些应用对边缘网络中物联网设备提供的资源提出了较高的服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)需求,例如严格的地理空间约束、时延/能量及其他资源约束.物联网设备提供的功能通常被封装为运行在边缘节点上的服务,用户请求可以通过组合数据和/或计算密集型的物联网服务来实现.考虑到物联网设备的资源稀缺性以及用户请求的在线持续部署和潜在长期执行特征,边缘服务运行期间对物联网设备资源的占用和释放导致边缘网络中资源动态变化.由于物联网设备的资源通常难以得到有效补充,且消耗差异可能较大,有些设备可能会过载,导致在当前时间点适配的物联网服务,在随后时间点可能难以适配用户请求,并导致QoS降级.针对边缘网络高负载时新请求持续部署导致特定强约束难以满足的挑战,本文开展资源失配时低代价的服务重配研究,提出了一种资源高效的服务重配方法,旨在通过服务迁移技术重调度物联网设备所提供的服务,以满足更多具有一定QoS约束的用户请求.基于上海电信基站数据集进行了大量实验,实例验证本文方法的有效性.实验结果表明,本文所提方法在满足用户服务请求时延约束、降低物联网设备能量消耗、提高边缘网络资源利用效益等方面表现均优于对比技术.

健康医疗数据利用中数据权益保障的现实困境与完善对策——以欧盟健康数据空间为例

从多主体数据权益保障的视角研究健康医疗数据利用对于充分释放数据价值,建立数据利用与数据保护和谐并存的稳定秩序至关重要。目前健康医疗数据利用仍面临自主权不足、数据泄露、互操作性差、收益权不确定、统筹监管力度薄弱等问题,欧盟健康数据空间的实践探索为各方权益保障的实现提供了可资借鉴的新思路。文章基于利益相关者理论,分析健康医疗数据利用中的利益相关者及其权益诉求,通过文献加工系统梳理原始数据提供者、数据控制者、数据处理者、数据使用者以及数据监管者在健康医疗数据利用中的现实困境。继而探讨和总结欧盟健康数据空间的应对方案。最后,提出我国应健全健康医疗数据权利保障的制度体系、保护患者隐私、强化技术标准建设、明确数据收益规则和监管体系的建议。

政务数据开放运营制度的目标偏离及纠偏

政务数据开放之价值目标,应定位于在公平合理条件下保障多元的市场和社会主体获取和利用公共数据,从而推动政务数据利用的经济、政治效益和社会福利的整体增长。国家应协调政务数据开放的多元价值目标,为社会主体公平利用政务数据提供实质条件,形成一套兼顾多元利益、具有系统性和整体性的开放、运营和管理体制。当前一些地方规定政务数据归政府所有,进而采取“国有资产管理式”策略进行授权运营的做法,缺乏法理层面的依据,在制度功能上也将引发“与民争利”和“地方数据壁垒”的双重负面效果,亟需予以纠偏。政务数据授权运营制度的再建构,需要考虑政务数据开放的价值目标,从而匹配相应的手段选择。应考虑建立“二元授权运营机制”:一是在数据基础设施层面,完善“公私合作履职式”的授权运营模式,避免过度商业导向和政务数据资产化的法律风险,增强政务数据开放的便捷性与数据生态的构建;二是在具体政务数据的管制策略层面,将侧重政务数据资源资产化思路的“国有资产管理式授权运营”,转变为基于风险防控与市场秩序而审慎限定数据利用主体资格的授权运营模式,从而保障政务数据利用的公平竞争,提升政务数据利用的社会效益。

文化数据用益中的产权归属

文化资源的数字转化,累积了大量文化数据。文化数据也以数字资产、数据资产的形式,彰显数据用益价值。文化数据用益的非物质性、非独占使用,与公益服务和商业运作的双轨运行特点,使文化数据用益中的产权归属动态呈现。权利束理论的权能分离与流通利用理念,从相对宽容的视角,结合场景变化中相互关联的行为,强调每一用益场景、行为模块中的权利、权能、权限之间的相互协调,明确文化数据的产权归属是文化数据用益视角下的动态产权归属,以动态用益中的产权维护,推动数字资产型文化数据、数据资产型文化数据的资产价值实现。