Although tobacco and alcohol consumption are two common risk factors of head and neck cancer （HNC）, other specific etiologic causes, such as viral infection and genetic susceptibility factors, remain to be understoo...Although tobacco and alcohol consumption are two common risk factors of head and neck cancer （HNC）, other specific etiologic causes, such as viral infection and genetic susceptibility factors, remain to be understood. Hu- man DNA is often damaged by numerous endogenous and exogenous mutagens or carcinogens, and genetic vari- ants in interaction with environmental exposure to these agents may explain interindividual differences in HNC risk. Single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） in genes involved in the DNA damage-repair response are reported to be risk factors for various cancer types, including HNC. Here, we reviewed epidemiological studies that have assessed the associations between HNC risk and SNPs in DNA repair genes involved in base-excision repair, nucleotide-excision repair, mismatch repair, double-strand break repair and direct reversion repair pathways. We found, however, that only a few SNPs in DNA repair genes were found to be associated with significantly in- creased or decreased risk of HNC, and, in most cases, the effects were moderate, depending upon locus-locus in- teractions among the risk SNPs in the pathways. We believe that, in the presence of exposure, additional pathway- based analyses of DNA repair genes derived from genome-wide association studies （GWASs） in HNC are needed.展开更多
The track association problem of radar and electronic support measure （ESM） has been considered in the literature for several years. This problem is crucial for radar-to-ESM track fusion and is complicated by the pr...The track association problem of radar and electronic support measure （ESM） has been considered in the literature for several years. This problem is crucial for radar-to-ESM track fusion and is complicated by the presence of individual systematic errors and measurement errors. In order to improve the track association of radar and ESM sensors, a pseudo-linear filtering algorithm is proposed to estimate the target states and improve the stability of the filter. It is found that, however, the correct probability of radar- to-ESM track association decreases as the radar measurement error decreases, when the pseudo-linear filter is used for ESM sensor filtering. In view of the strange phenomenon, this paper analyzes the reason for it by using the statistic theory and further performs Monte Carlo simulation to verify the analysis.展开更多
文摘Although tobacco and alcohol consumption are two common risk factors of head and neck cancer （HNC）, other specific etiologic causes, such as viral infection and genetic susceptibility factors, remain to be understood. Hu- man DNA is often damaged by numerous endogenous and exogenous mutagens or carcinogens, and genetic vari- ants in interaction with environmental exposure to these agents may explain interindividual differences in HNC risk. Single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） in genes involved in the DNA damage-repair response are reported to be risk factors for various cancer types, including HNC. Here, we reviewed epidemiological studies that have assessed the associations between HNC risk and SNPs in DNA repair genes involved in base-excision repair, nucleotide-excision repair, mismatch repair, double-strand break repair and direct reversion repair pathways. We found, however, that only a few SNPs in DNA repair genes were found to be associated with significantly in- creased or decreased risk of HNC, and, in most cases, the effects were moderate, depending upon locus-locus in- teractions among the risk SNPs in the pathways. We believe that, in the presence of exposure, additional pathway- based analyses of DNA repair genes derived from genome-wide association studies （GWASs） in HNC are needed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (609721596103200161002006)
文摘The track association problem of radar and electronic support measure （ESM） has been considered in the literature for several years. This problem is crucial for radar-to-ESM track fusion and is complicated by the presence of individual systematic errors and measurement errors. In order to improve the track association of radar and ESM sensors, a pseudo-linear filtering algorithm is proposed to estimate the target states and improve the stability of the filter. It is found that, however, the correct probability of radar- to-ESM track association decreases as the radar measurement error decreases, when the pseudo-linear filter is used for ESM sensor filtering. In view of the strange phenomenon, this paper analyzes the reason for it by using the statistic theory and further performs Monte Carlo simulation to verify the analysis.
