Joint nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion pre-compensation for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems

This paper introduces a joint nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion pre-compensation method for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems. The research results show that this method can reduce the walk- off effect and can therefore equalize the nonlinear impairments effectively. Compared with the only other existing nonlinearity pre-compensation method, the joint nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion pre-compensation method is not only suitable for low-dispersion optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system, but also effective for high- dispersion optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing transmission system with higher input power but without optical dispersion compensation. The suggested solution does not increase computation complexity compared with only nonlinearity pre-compensation method. For 40 Gbit/s coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing 20 × 80 km standard single-mode fibre system, the suggested method can improve the nonlinear threshold （for Q 〉 10 dB） about 2.7, 1.2 and 1.0 dB, and the maximum Q factor about 1.2, 0.4 and 0.3 dB, for 2, 8 and 16 ps/（nm.km） dispersion coefficients.

A High Spectral Efficient Frequency-Domain Channel-Estimation Method for the Polarization-Division-Multiplexed CO-OFDM-OQAM System

Contrary to the other multi-carrier modulation systems, the coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing communication system with an offset quadrature amplitude modulation (CO-OFDM-OQAM) possesses inherent imaginary interference (IMI). This has an important impact on the channel estimation process. Currently, a variety of frequency-domain channel estimation methods have been proposed. However, there are various problems that still exist. For instance, in order to reduce the influence of IMI, it is necessary to insert more guard intervals between the training sequence and the payload, leading to the occupation of excessive spectrum resources. In order to address this problem, this work designs a high spectral efficient frequency-domain channel estimation method for the polarization-division-multiplexing CO-OFDM-OQAM systems. First, the working principle of the proposed method is described in detail. Then, its spectral efficiency, power peak-to-average ratio, and channel estimation performance are studied based on simulations. The simulation results show that the proposed method improves the spectral efficiency without worsening the power peak-to-average ratio. The channel estimation capability of this method is verified in three scenarios of long-distance transmissions, including back-to-back, 100 km, and 200 km transmissions. .

Vector mode based optical direct detection orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmission in short-reach optical link

As one solution to implement the largecapacity space division multiplexing(SDM)transmission systems,the mode division multiplexing(MDM)has gained much attention recently.The vector mode(VM),which is the eigenmode of the optical fiber,has also been adopted to realize the optical communications including the transmission over free-space optical(FSO)and optical fiber links.Considering the concerns on the short-reach optical interconnects,the low cost and high integration technologies should be developed.Direct detection(DD)with higher-order modulation formats in combination of MDM technologies could offer an available trade-off in system performance and complexity.We review demonstrations of FSO and fiber high-speed data transmission based on the VM MDM(VMDM)technologies.The special VMs,cylindrical vector beams(CVB),have been generated by the q-plate(QP)and characterized accordingly.And then they were used to implement the VMDM transmission with direct-detection orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(DD-OFDM).These demonstrations show the potential of VMDM-DD-OFDM technology in the large-capacity short-reach transmission links.

Improved pilot data aided feed forward based on maximum likelihood for carrier phase jitter recovery in coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Pilot data aided feed forward （PAFF） carrier recovery is essential for phase noise tracking in coherent optical receivers. This paper describes a new PAFF system based on new pilot arrangement and maximum likelihood （ML） to estimate the phase jitter in coherent receiver- induced by local oscillator＇s lasers and sampling clock errors. Square M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation （M-QAM） （4, 16, 64, and 256） schemes were used. A detailed mathematical description of the method was presented. The system performance was evaluated through numerical simulations and compared to those with noisefree receiver （ideal receiver） and feed forward without ML. The simulation results show that PAFF performs near the expected ideal phase recovery. Results clearly suggest that ML significantly improves the tolerance of phase error variance. From bit error rate （BER） sensibility evaluation, it was clearly observed that the new estimation method performs better with a 4-QAM （or quadrature phase shift keying （QPSK）） format compared to three others square QAM schemes. Analog to digital converter （ADC） resolution effect on the system performance was analyzed in terms of Q-factor. Finite resolution effect on 4-QAM is negligible while it negatively affects the system performance when M increases.

Signal Clipping at Transmitter and Receiver of O-OFDM for VLC under Optical Power Constraint

Visible light communications(VLC)is considered as an effective supplement technology for next-generation(6G)communications due to its abundant spectrum,high power efficiency and easy deployment.Optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(O-OFDM)is a common technology to obtain further promotion.In this paper,two typical O-OFDM schemes direct current biased O-OFDM(DCO-OFDM)and asymmetrically clipped O-OFDM(ACO-OFDM)are analyzed in terms of signal clipping at both transmitter and receiver under the constraints of maximum optical power and non-negative optical power.And effective electrical SNR models after signal clipping are proposed and verified by link simulation.Then a noise cancellation scheme is proposed based on received signal clipping and is proved to bring a significant gain for ACO-OFDM.By system simulation,we find that under a certain optical power limitation,most users can achieve above 4 Gbps in indoor scenario when modulation bandwidth of the light emit diode(LED)or laser diode(LD)is 1 GHz.Therefore,it can be expected that the throughput could reach tens Gbps when the LED/LD modulation bandwidth is increased and multiple LEDs/LDs are deployed.

Beyond 100 Gb/s Optical OFDM Transmitted in Optical Long-Haul System

100 G Ethernet is considered to become the next generation Ethernet standard for IP networks.Typical 100 Gb/s transmission systems and their performance are presented.Comparision and analysis for 100 Gb/s transmission systems have been discussed.It is demonstrated that optical OFDM can be used in future 100 Gb/s/ch and long-haul system.

Elastic Resource Allocation for Multi-Granularity Multicasting Traffic in OFDM-Based Optical Networks

With the increasing requirements of the multicast services in the whole data traffic service, the optical multicast technology becomes a key technology supporting wide bandwidth and high speed multicasting communication. The transmission efficiency, capacity and robustness of optical multicast network can be further improved by introducing network coding technology into optical multicast networks. Meanwhile, facing to demand of emerging rate-variable multi-granularity multicast service, a multi-path transmission scheme based on network coding for routing and spectrum allocation (RSA) is proposed. It can not only allocate spectrum resources effectively and flexibly for various-rate multicast traffic, but also balance the network load, improve network throughput and reduce transmission blocking rate. In this paper, RSA problem is decomposed into two subproblems, namely routing allocation based on network coding and spectrum allocation based on maximum spectrum first (MSF) strategy, which are solved sequentially. Simulation experiments are carried out to analyze transmission performance with proposed RSA scheme. The simulation results show that the proposed RSA mechanism can allocate spectrum resources efficiently and flexibly for multi-granularity multicast traffic. Compared with RSA schemes based on shortest path tree (SPT) and minimal spanning tree (MST), the proposed RSA scheme is more efficient for spectrum resource utilization and load balancing, and spectrum resource is saved more than 20%.

Flipped-Exponential Nyquist Pulse Technique to Optimize PAPR in Optical Direct-Detection OFDM Systems

In this paper, we describe a novel technique based on the flipped-exponential （FE） Nyquist pulse method for reducing peak-to-average power ratio （PAPR） in an optical direct-detection orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing （DD-QFDM） system, The technique involves proper selection of the FE Nyquist pulses for shaping the different subcarriers of the OFDM. We apply this technique to a DD-OFDM transmission system to significantly reduce PAPR. We also investigate the sensitivity of a received OFDM signal with strong nonlinearity in a standard single-mode fiber （SMF）.

改进的可见光通信系统PTS峰均比抑制方法

针对非对称剪切正交频分复用(asymmetric-clipped orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,ACO-OFDM)可见光通信(visible light communication,VLC)系统中信号的高峰均功率比(peak-to-average power ratio,PAPR)问题,采用部分传输序列(partial transmit sequence,PTS)方法,并结合二进制离散粒子群优化(discrete particle swarm optimization,DPSO)算法,提出一种改进的PTS峰均比抑制方法——DPSO-PTS方法。利用DPSO算法对加权的相位因子进行优化处理,选择最佳的相位因子组合来有效控制PAPR的范围,并对乘加权信息的子块进行求和,从而选择出最小PAPR对应的一组信号进行传输。仿真结果表明,在互补累计分布函数(complementary cumulative distribution function,CCDF)为10-4时,DPSO-PTS方法的系统PAPR降低了约4 dB,且相较于传统PTS方法,系统的复杂度和误码率(bit error rate,BER)性能也得到有效的改善。

OFDM系统PAPR和OOB辐射联合抑制算法研究

正交频分复用(OFDM)技术具有频谱效率高和抗多径衰落能力强的优点,但存在高峰值平均功率比(PAPR)和高带外(OOB)辐射的固有缺点。部分PAPR抑制算法会导致OOB辐射升高,因此需要一种联合抑制OFDM系统的PAPR和OOB辐射的算法。本文提出了一种新的结合线性压扩和简化限幅滤波的混合式PAPR和OOB辐射联合抑制算法,该算法采用连续分段线性压扩(CPLC)算法抑制信号PAPR,并对压扩后的信号进行频域滤波;然后采用简化限幅滤波(SCF)算法降低频域滤波导致的峰值再生,保证信号的OOB辐射不再升高。接收端采用迭代接收算法提高系统的误码率性能。仿真结果表明,与CPLC、SCF方案相比,所提算法可以达到更好的PAPR和OOB辐射联合抑制性能,同时通过迭代接收算法获得与原始信号相近的误码率(BER)性能。

基于信息熵特征的正交频分复用无源光网络系统

越来越多的ONU接入无源光网络,易发生网络拥塞问题,信息传输延迟,数据丢包等现象出现,为此,设计了基于信息熵特征的正交频分复用无源光网络系统。由光线路终端(OLT)、光分配网络(ODN)和光网络单元(ONU)组成系统框架结构,采用分散分光形式设计系统组网结构,借助My SQL,设计系统数据库以及数据表。设计系统三个主要功能模块,即无源光信息收发模块、基于信息熵的ONU负载判断模块以及无源光网络带宽分配模块,通过合理分配带宽资源,提高无源光网络传输能力。结果表明:无源光网络系统5次轮询后传输时隙长度均在4 ms以下,无源光网络通信传输效率高,能够快速实现信息传递,极大避免时延问题。

TB-SC PLDPC编码的DCO-OFDM系统中新型比特交织方案设计

基于TB-SC PLDPC编码的DCO-OFDM系统,首先根据子载波的不等保护特性,提出了一种新型的载波匹配映射方案,以改善系统的性能;其次,基于改进的PEXIT算法,分析了TB-SC PLDPC码在3种不同交织方案下的译码门限值;通过理论分析可知,在16-QAM和64-QAM调制下,提出的新型载波匹配映射方案能使TB-SC PLDPC码分别在15.52 dB和19.24 dB处收敛;而采用变量点匹配映射和连续映射方案则需要更大的信噪比.仿真结果表明,提出的新型载波匹配映射方案的性能更优于变量点匹配映射和连续映射方案.

Enhanced asymmetrically clipped DC biased optical OFDM for intensity-modulated direct-detection systems

In this paper,we propose an EADO-OFDM(Enhanced Asymmetrically Clipped DC Biased Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)method for IM/DD(Intensity-Modulated DirectDetection)optical systems,in which the AV-DCO-OFDM(Absolute Valued DC Biased Optical OFDM)symbols on the even subcarriers and ACO-OFDM(Asymmetrically Clipped Optical OFDM)symbols on the odd subcarriers are combined for simultaneous transmission.Moreover,we discuss the PDF(Probability Density Function)and electrical SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio)of the symbols,which are utilized to estimate the BER(Bit Error Ratio)performance and overall performance of EADO-OFDM.The Monte Carlo simulation results have validated the theoretical analysis and have also confirmed the EADO-OFDM is attractive considering the following benefits.Firstly,EADO-OFDM is more energy efficient compared to the power-efficient DCO-OFDM(DC Biased Optical OFDM),since the required DC bias is smaller when appropriate constellation size combinations are chosen.In addition,EADO-OFDM performs better than the conventional ADO-OFDM(Asymmetrically Clipped DC Biased Optical OFDM),because the absolute value operation causes no clipping distortion.

室内可见光OFDM通信系统调光控制技术

针对室内可见光通信高速率传输和照明控制的问题,分析了采用脉冲宽度调制调光控制技术的可见光正交频分复用技术系统的调光性能与误码性能.提出了基于功耗小、性能好的单极性正交频分复用系统的调光控制方案,对单极性正交频分复用系统的驱动电流和误码率特性进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,单极性正交频分复用系统可在不牺牲照明质量的同时改善系统性能.此外,针对室内低照明、低功耗的应用需求,提出了一种功率更加有效的补零非对称削波正交频分复用系统,仿真分析表明,补零非对称削波正交频分复用系统可在不损失误码性能的情况下提高系统的功率效率.

一种联合正交带复用与限幅方法的CO-OFDM峰均比降低策略

为了降低相干光正交频分复用(coherent optical orthogonal frequeng division multiplexing,CO-OFDM)系统的高峰均值比(peak to averqge vatio,PAPR),提出一种正交带复用(orthogonal band multiplexing,OBM)和限幅相结合的策略,该策略通过正交带复用将输入的子载波进行分带来减少IFFT的采样点数达到降低CO-OFDM系统的高峰均值比的目的,正交带复用与限幅方法相结合进一步降低CO-OFDM系统的高峰均值比。仿真结果表明,该策略能有效地降低信号幅值超过门限值的概率,从而达到进一步降低CO-OFDM系统的峰均值比,提高系统性能。

基于训练序列与数据叠加的ACO-OFDM无线光通信系统时间同步方法

提出了一种适用于ACO-OFDM无线光通信系统的基于时域叠加训练序列的时间同步方法.该方法将经过ACO-OFDM调制后的伪随机序列作为训练序列,并将其在一个符号周期内与数据同时发送.接收端利用本地序列与接收信号进行相关运算,对所叠加训练序列的能量进行积累,从而实现时间同步.仿真表明,在多种信道模型下,该方法能够有效改善同步准确率和定时偏移方差,同时极大地提高了带宽效率,使得时间功率分配具有较强的灵活性.

基于联合算法的OFDM峰均比降低技术

针对OFDM系统具有较高峰均功率比(PAPR)的缺点,提出一种降低系统峰均比的联合算法——修正的ACE-POCS和限幅联合算法。该联合算法利用ACE-POCS算法对OFDM信号进行处理,再用限幅法进一步降低PAPR。基于OFDM系统的仿真结果表明,该联合算法可以有效降低PAPR 3.5 dB,并且不会影响系统误码率性能。

OFDM系统中基于限幅和压缩感知的非线性失真补偿算法

正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)信号具有较高的峰均功率比(Peak to Average Power Ratio,PAPR),不仅影响功率放大器(High Power Amplifier,HPA)的工作效率,而且HPA使得OFDM信号产生严重的非线性失真,导致系统的误比特率(Bite Error Rate,BER)增大.本文基于限幅和压缩感知(Compressive Sensing,CS)提出了改进的补偿算法,发送端采用限幅降低信号的PAPR,接收端首先采用改进的逆模型方式减小HPA引入的非线性失真,再采用CS抵消由限幅引入的信号失真.仿真表明,所提方法不仅明显降低了OFDM信号的PAPR,而且有效提高了系统的BER性能.

基于异步时钟的高速实时光OFDM收发系统

近年来,由于正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)技术具有独特的优势,已经在无线电领域得到广泛应用,并开始被引入光通信中.目前,对于光正交频分复用(optical OFDM,OOFDM)技术的研究,主要集中在离线实验分析和基于全局时钟的实时分析,提出了一种基于异步时钟的高速实时光OFDM收发系统,通过实验实现了在25 km标准单模光纤(single-mode fiber,SMF)上可实时传输2.5 Gbit/s光OFDM信号,误码率小于1.2×10^(-5).

OFDM系统中限幅非线性失真迭代对消法性能分析

限幅技术常用于正交频分复用系统中以抑制高峰值平均功率比,为抑制限幅造成的带内失真和带外辐射,可以在接收端进行限幅噪声的迭代估计和对消。该文提出对限幅带来的非线性失真进行迭代估计和对消的效果要比仅对限幅噪声进行估计对消好。前者在理想情况下能完全恢复出发端未限幅前的信号,但后者将始终受到由限幅带来的信号衰减的影响。理论分析和仿真结果验证了该结论及性能,同时数字结果表明,该算法能有效改进系统性能。在归一化限幅门限为1.2时,只通过一次迭代就能提高2dB。