The total emission control method based on atmospheric environmental capacity is the most effective in air pollution mitigation. The atmospheric environmental capacities of SO2 on representative days over Lanzhou are ...The total emission control method based on atmospheric environmental capacity is the most effective in air pollution mitigation. The atmospheric environmental capacities of SO2 on representative days over Lanzhou are estimated using the numerical models RAMS, HYPACT and a linear programming model, according to the national ambient air quality standard of China （NAAQSCHN）. The results show that the fields of meteorological elements and SO2 simulated by the models agree reasonably well with observations. The atmospheric environmental capacity of SO2 over Lanzhou is around 111.7 × 10^3 kg d^-1, and in order to meet the air quality level Ⅱ of the NAAQSCHN, SO2 emissions need to be reduced by 20%.展开更多
Through analysis and evaluation on status quo of atmospheric environment in Shennongjia,atmospheric environment capacity in ClassII functional area of Shennongjia was counted by A value method. The results showed that...Through analysis and evaluation on status quo of atmospheric environment in Shennongjia,atmospheric environment capacity in ClassII functional area of Shennongjia was counted by A value method. The results showed that atmospheric environment capacities of SO2,NO2 and PM10in Shennongjia Forest District were respectively 6 268. 8,17 666. 2 and 2 279. 5 t / a,much larger than emissions of air pollutants in Shennongjia in 2012.展开更多
Daily and annual average atmospheric environmental capacity coefficient(A-value) sequences for China's Mainland are calculated from hourly data recorded at 378 ground stations over 1975–2014. A-values at differen...Daily and annual average atmospheric environmental capacity coefficient(A-value) sequences for China's Mainland are calculated from hourly data recorded at 378 ground stations over 1975–2014. A-values at different recurrence intervals are calculated by fitting the sequences to Pearson type III distribution curves. Based on these A-values and source-sink balance(reference concentration 100 μg m^(-3)), atmospheric environmental capacities at the recurrence intervals are calculated for all of China's Mainland and each provincial administrative region. The climate average atmospheric environmental capacity reference value for the entire mainland is 2.169×10~7 t yr^(-1). An urban atmospheric load index is defined for analyses of the impact of population density on the urban atmospheric environment. Analyses suggest that this index is also useful for differentiating whether air quality changes are attributable to varying meteorological conditions or variations of artificial emission rate.Equations guiding the control of unorganized emission sources are derived for preventing air quality deterioration during urban expansion and population concentration.展开更多
This paper establishes the kinetic equations in atmospheric chemistry that describe the macroscopic mechanisms of secondary fine particle pollution generated by precursors during atmospheric self-purification.The dyna...This paper establishes the kinetic equations in atmospheric chemistry that describe the macroscopic mechanisms of secondary fine particle pollution generated by precursors during atmospheric self-purification.The dynamic and static solutions of these equations can be applied to calculate quantitative relationships between the concentration ratio of precursors and secondary fine particles as well as the physical clearance power of the atmosphere,chemical reaction rate,and the scale of a contaminated area.The dynamic solution presented here therefore corresponds with a theoretical formula for calculating the overall rate constant for the oxidation reaction of reducing pollutants in the actual atmosphere based on their local concentrations and meteorological monitoring data.In addition,the static solution presented in this paper reveals the functional relationship between the concentration of secondary fine particles and precursor emission rate as well as atmospheric self-purification capacity.This result can be applied to determine the atmospheric environmental capacity of a precursor.Hourly records collected over the last 40 years from 378 weather stations in China's Mainland as well as the spatiotemporal distribution sequence of overall oxidation reaction rates from precursors show that when the reference concentration limit of secondary fine particles is100μmol m-3,the atmospheric environmental capacity of total precursors canbe calculated as 24890×1010 mol yr-1.Thus,when the annual average concentration limit of given fine particles is 35μg m-3 and the ratio of sulfate and nitrate to 30%and 20%of the total amount of fine particles,the capacities of SO2,NOx and NH3 are 1255,1344,and 832(1010g yr-1),respectively.The clearance density of precursors for different return periods across China's Mainland under above conditions are also provided in this study.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 40305020）.
文摘The total emission control method based on atmospheric environmental capacity is the most effective in air pollution mitigation. The atmospheric environmental capacities of SO2 on representative days over Lanzhou are estimated using the numerical models RAMS, HYPACT and a linear programming model, according to the national ambient air quality standard of China （NAAQSCHN）. The results show that the fields of meteorological elements and SO2 simulated by the models agree reasonably well with observations. The atmospheric environmental capacity of SO2 over Lanzhou is around 111.7 × 10^3 kg d^-1, and in order to meet the air quality level Ⅱ of the NAAQSCHN, SO2 emissions need to be reduced by 20%.
文摘Through analysis and evaluation on status quo of atmospheric environment in Shennongjia,atmospheric environment capacity in ClassII functional area of Shennongjia was counted by A value method. The results showed that atmospheric environment capacities of SO2,NO2 and PM10in Shennongjia Forest District were respectively 6 268. 8,17 666. 2 and 2 279. 5 t / a,much larger than emissions of air pollutants in Shennongjia in 2012.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41405136)
文摘Daily and annual average atmospheric environmental capacity coefficient(A-value) sequences for China's Mainland are calculated from hourly data recorded at 378 ground stations over 1975–2014. A-values at different recurrence intervals are calculated by fitting the sequences to Pearson type III distribution curves. Based on these A-values and source-sink balance(reference concentration 100 μg m^(-3)), atmospheric environmental capacities at the recurrence intervals are calculated for all of China's Mainland and each provincial administrative region. The climate average atmospheric environmental capacity reference value for the entire mainland is 2.169×10~7 t yr^(-1). An urban atmospheric load index is defined for analyses of the impact of population density on the urban atmospheric environment. Analyses suggest that this index is also useful for differentiating whether air quality changes are attributable to varying meteorological conditions or variations of artificial emission rate.Equations guiding the control of unorganized emission sources are derived for preventing air quality deterioration during urban expansion and population concentration.
基金supported by S & T Development Program (Grant No. CAMS 2018KJ026)
文摘This paper establishes the kinetic equations in atmospheric chemistry that describe the macroscopic mechanisms of secondary fine particle pollution generated by precursors during atmospheric self-purification.The dynamic and static solutions of these equations can be applied to calculate quantitative relationships between the concentration ratio of precursors and secondary fine particles as well as the physical clearance power of the atmosphere,chemical reaction rate,and the scale of a contaminated area.The dynamic solution presented here therefore corresponds with a theoretical formula for calculating the overall rate constant for the oxidation reaction of reducing pollutants in the actual atmosphere based on their local concentrations and meteorological monitoring data.In addition,the static solution presented in this paper reveals the functional relationship between the concentration of secondary fine particles and precursor emission rate as well as atmospheric self-purification capacity.This result can be applied to determine the atmospheric environmental capacity of a precursor.Hourly records collected over the last 40 years from 378 weather stations in China's Mainland as well as the spatiotemporal distribution sequence of overall oxidation reaction rates from precursors show that when the reference concentration limit of secondary fine particles is100μmol m-3,the atmospheric environmental capacity of total precursors canbe calculated as 24890×1010 mol yr-1.Thus,when the annual average concentration limit of given fine particles is 35μg m-3 and the ratio of sulfate and nitrate to 30%and 20%of the total amount of fine particles,the capacities of SO2,NOx and NH3 are 1255,1344,and 832(1010g yr-1),respectively.The clearance density of precursors for different return periods across China's Mainland under above conditions are also provided in this study.
