ObjectiveThis study was to establish a simple method for collecting and detecting Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae （Mhp） in aerosol. MethodBased on the mechanisms of liquid impinger and filtration sampler, a double concentr...ObjectiveThis study was to establish a simple method for collecting and detecting Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae （Mhp） in aerosol. MethodBased on the mechanisms of liquid impinger and filtration sampler, a double concentration aerosol sampler was designed for collecting Mhp aerosol. Firstly, the collection was performed in a closed environment full of artificial aerosol of Mhp. Secondly, collection efficiency was detected by real-time PCR. Thereafter, the clinical feasibility of the designed equipment was tested by collecting aerosol samples in different pig herds. In one assay, the samples were collected at different times from one pig house challenged with Mhp. In another assay, the samples was collected from the delivery room, nursery and fattenning house of a MPS outbreak farm as well as a Mhp infection positive pig farm without obvious clinical symptoms. All the aerosol samples were then detected by real-time PCR or nested PCR. ResultThe collection efficiency of the designed bioaerosol sampler was （37.04±6.43） %, Mhp could be detected 7 d after intratracheal challenge with pneumonic lung homogenate suspension. Aerosol samples of 11 pig houses from the two Mhp positive pig farms with or without clinical symptoms all showed a positive result of PCR, the positivity rate was 100%. ConclusionA high sensitive collecting and detecting technology of aerosol was successfully established, which can be applied to clinical detection of Mhp in aerosol.展开更多
The mass concentration and size distribution of aerosols in Tokaimura were investigated using a high-volume and a low-volume Andersen sampler. A difference was found using the two samplers： the concentration of total...The mass concentration and size distribution of aerosols in Tokaimura were investigated using a high-volume and a low-volume Andersen sampler. A difference was found using the two samplers： the concentration of total aerosols determined with the high-volume sampler is smaller than that of the low-volume sampler by 70-90% throughout the year. Compared to the high-volume sampler, low-volume sampler gave lower concentration for aerosols 〉7 μm, higher concentration for aerosols of 3.3-7.0 μm and 〈 1.1 μm, though similar results for aerosols of 1.1-3.3 μm. The low-volume sampler was found to have better separation efficiency and higher accuracy.展开更多
The marine and coastal intake filtration device is mainly used to filter out the salt spray aerosol particles. So, the laboratory studies of the intake filtration device need to simulate the salt spray aerosols state ...The marine and coastal intake filtration device is mainly used to filter out the salt spray aerosol particles. So, the laboratory studies of the intake filtration device need to simulate the salt spray aerosols state of the ocean environment. But the distribution of ocean salt spray aerosol particle of diameter is very wide, so the simulation device of salt spray aersol should produce a variety of salt spray aerosol particles. The paper is to mainly study the influencing factors of salt spray aerosol device to produce different particles diameter. And the investigation and study mainly include two aspects: numerical simulation and experimental study.展开更多
Atmospheric radionuclide monitoring usually includes two sampling techniques, namely ultra-high volume aerosol samplers to collect at- mospheric particles by using filter media, and radioactive noble gas samplers to c...Atmospheric radionuclide monitoring usually includes two sampling techniques, namely ultra-high volume aerosol samplers to collect at- mospheric particles by using filter media, and radioactive noble gas samplers to collect atmospheric noble gas based on adsorption method. Atmos- pheric sampling techniques have been researched in Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology since the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty （CTBT） was signed in 1996. Several ultra-high volume aerosol samplers and some types of radioactive xenon isotopes samplers had been devel- oped. For the aerosol sampler, the sampling flow is between 450 and 800 m3/h, with the minimum detectable concentration （MDC） of 131I less than 5 pBq/m3. For the xenon sampler, the sampling capacity of xenon is more than 4 ml per day, with MDC of l=Xe less than 0.25 mBq/m3. After the nuclear accident of Fukushima in 2011, monitoring of the atmospheric radionuclide was carried out for 3 months at Xi＇an, and part of radionuclide was detected with concentrations hiaher than their backorounds in the period, includina 131I.134Cs. 137Cs and 133Xe.展开更多
大气颗粒物(TSP和PM10)中Si、Al、Ca、Mg、K、Fe、Na等元素含量较高,是颗粒物源分析的指示性元素。目前分析大气颗粒物样品中无机元素的方法有中子活化分析法、X射线荧光光谱法、微波消解(或高压釜消解)电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和电...大气颗粒物(TSP和PM10)中Si、Al、Ca、Mg、K、Fe、Na等元素含量较高,是颗粒物源分析的指示性元素。目前分析大气颗粒物样品中无机元素的方法有中子活化分析法、X射线荧光光谱法、微波消解(或高压釜消解)电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法。本文建立了碱熔-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定大气颗粒物样品中Si、Al、Ca、Mg、Fe、Ti、Ba、Sr、Zr等无机元素的分析方法,样品于镍坩埚中530～550℃灰化60 min后用NaOH融熔,水提取,再用2 mL 50%的HCl酸化,钠基体匹配消除干扰,解决了大气颗粒物滤膜样品中Si易产生的溶解不完全等问题,提高了Ti、Ba、Sr、Zr等主、次量元素测定的精密度和准确度。讨论了坩埚和熔剂的选择、灰化温度、灰化时间、酸度、干扰等影响因素。在选定条件下,测定结果相对误差(RE)﹤4%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)﹤5%,检出限为0.0047～1.2 ng/g。方法所需设备简单,分析成本低,快速简便,精密度好,准确度高,适宜批量样品的测定。展开更多
基金Supported by the Fund for Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation of Jiangsu Province[CX(12)1001-05]~~
文摘ObjectiveThis study was to establish a simple method for collecting and detecting Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae （Mhp） in aerosol. MethodBased on the mechanisms of liquid impinger and filtration sampler, a double concentration aerosol sampler was designed for collecting Mhp aerosol. Firstly, the collection was performed in a closed environment full of artificial aerosol of Mhp. Secondly, collection efficiency was detected by real-time PCR. Thereafter, the clinical feasibility of the designed equipment was tested by collecting aerosol samples in different pig herds. In one assay, the samples were collected at different times from one pig house challenged with Mhp. In another assay, the samples was collected from the delivery room, nursery and fattenning house of a MPS outbreak farm as well as a Mhp infection positive pig farm without obvious clinical symptoms. All the aerosol samples were then detected by real-time PCR or nested PCR. ResultThe collection efficiency of the designed bioaerosol sampler was （37.04±6.43） %, Mhp could be detected 7 d after intratracheal challenge with pneumonic lung homogenate suspension. Aerosol samples of 11 pig houses from the two Mhp positive pig farms with or without clinical symptoms all showed a positive result of PCR, the positivity rate was 100%. ConclusionA high sensitive collecting and detecting technology of aerosol was successfully established, which can be applied to clinical detection of Mhp in aerosol.
基金partly supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,40575066)Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS).
文摘The mass concentration and size distribution of aerosols in Tokaimura were investigated using a high-volume and a low-volume Andersen sampler. A difference was found using the two samplers： the concentration of total aerosols determined with the high-volume sampler is smaller than that of the low-volume sampler by 70-90% throughout the year. Compared to the high-volume sampler, low-volume sampler gave lower concentration for aerosols 〉7 μm, higher concentration for aerosols of 3.3-7.0 μm and 〈 1.1 μm, though similar results for aerosols of 1.1-3.3 μm. The low-volume sampler was found to have better separation efficiency and higher accuracy.
文摘The marine and coastal intake filtration device is mainly used to filter out the salt spray aerosol particles. So, the laboratory studies of the intake filtration device need to simulate the salt spray aerosols state of the ocean environment. But the distribution of ocean salt spray aerosol particle of diameter is very wide, so the simulation device of salt spray aersol should produce a variety of salt spray aerosol particles. The paper is to mainly study the influencing factors of salt spray aerosol device to produce different particles diameter. And the investigation and study mainly include two aspects: numerical simulation and experimental study.
文摘Atmospheric radionuclide monitoring usually includes two sampling techniques, namely ultra-high volume aerosol samplers to collect at- mospheric particles by using filter media, and radioactive noble gas samplers to collect atmospheric noble gas based on adsorption method. Atmos- pheric sampling techniques have been researched in Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology since the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty （CTBT） was signed in 1996. Several ultra-high volume aerosol samplers and some types of radioactive xenon isotopes samplers had been devel- oped. For the aerosol sampler, the sampling flow is between 450 and 800 m3/h, with the minimum detectable concentration （MDC） of 131I less than 5 pBq/m3. For the xenon sampler, the sampling capacity of xenon is more than 4 ml per day, with MDC of l=Xe less than 0.25 mBq/m3. After the nuclear accident of Fukushima in 2011, monitoring of the atmospheric radionuclide was carried out for 3 months at Xi＇an, and part of radionuclide was detected with concentrations hiaher than their backorounds in the period, includina 131I.134Cs. 137Cs and 133Xe.
文摘大气颗粒物(TSP和PM10)中Si、Al、Ca、Mg、K、Fe、Na等元素含量较高,是颗粒物源分析的指示性元素。目前分析大气颗粒物样品中无机元素的方法有中子活化分析法、X射线荧光光谱法、微波消解(或高压釜消解)电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法。本文建立了碱熔-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定大气颗粒物样品中Si、Al、Ca、Mg、Fe、Ti、Ba、Sr、Zr等无机元素的分析方法,样品于镍坩埚中530～550℃灰化60 min后用NaOH融熔,水提取,再用2 mL 50%的HCl酸化,钠基体匹配消除干扰,解决了大气颗粒物滤膜样品中Si易产生的溶解不完全等问题,提高了Ti、Ba、Sr、Zr等主、次量元素测定的精密度和准确度。讨论了坩埚和熔剂的选择、灰化温度、灰化时间、酸度、干扰等影响因素。在选定条件下,测定结果相对误差(RE)﹤4%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)﹤5%,检出限为0.0047～1.2 ng/g。方法所需设备简单,分析成本低,快速简便,精密度好,准确度高,适宜批量样品的测定。
