Atractylodis Rhizoma comes from the dry rhizome of Atractylis lancea or Atractylodes chinensis in the Compositae family,and it is suitable for preventing and treating diseases such as cold,edema,night blindness and rh...Atractylodis Rhizoma comes from the dry rhizome of Atractylis lancea or Atractylodes chinensis in the Compositae family,and it is suitable for preventing and treating diseases such as cold,edema,night blindness and rheumatic arthralgia.Atractylodin is the main active component extracted and isolated from Atractylodis Rhizoma.A large number of studies have found that atractylodin has excellent drug activity in improving gastrointestinal emptying,anti-inflammation,inhibiting malignant tumor and reducing blood lipid.In this paper,the purification process and pharmacological activity of Atractylodin were summarized to provide a theoretical basis for basic research,clinical application and further development and utilization of atractylodin.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to compare the effects of different initial processing methods on atractylodin content of Atractylodes chinensis.[Methods]The atractylodin content of A.chinensis obtained by different initial...[Objectives]The paper was to compare the effects of different initial processing methods on atractylodin content of Atractylodes chinensis.[Methods]The atractylodin content of A.chinensis obtained by different initial processing methods was determined by HPLC.The loss rate on drying was determined by weighing.[Results]In the study of drying methods,the atractylodin content varied significantly among different thicknesses of slices,and the overall content of the product with the slice thickness of 5 mm was higher.Among different drying methods,constant temperature vacuum drying and shade drying of 5 mm slice resulted in the highest content of atractylodin.In the experiment of root impacting,root impacting twice received the best effect,and there was no significant difference in the atractylosin content of A.chinensis between drying in the sun and drying in the shade after root impacting twice(P>0.05).[Conclusions]Constant temperature vacuum drying or drying in the shade with the slice thickness of 5 mm,and root impacting twice is the best initial processing method,which leads to high atractylodin content of A.chinensis and good quality of medicinal materials.展开更多
Background:Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide(APOBEC),an endogenous mutator,induces DNA damage and activates the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related(ATR)-checkpoint kinase 1(Chk1)pathway.Although c...Background:Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide(APOBEC),an endogenous mutator,induces DNA damage and activates the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related(ATR)-checkpoint kinase 1(Chk1)pathway.Although cisplatin-based therapy is the mainstay for muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC),it has a poor survival rate.Therefore,this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an ATR inhibitor combined with cisplatin in the treatment of APOBEC catalytic subunit 3B(APOBEC3B)expressing MIBC.Methods:Immunohistochemical staining was performed to analyze an association between APOBEC3B and ATR in patients with MIBC.The APOBEC3B expression in MIBC cell lines was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis.Western blot analysis was performed to confirm differences in phosphorylated Chk1(pChk1)expression according to the APOBEC3B expression.Cell viability and apoptosis analyses were performed to examine the anti-tumor activity of ATR inhibitors combined with cisplatin.Results:There was a significant association between APOBEC3B and ATR expression in the tumor tissues obtained from patients with MIBC.Cells with higher APOBEC3B expression showed higher pChk1 expression than cells expressing low APOBEC3B levels.Combination treatment of ATR inhibitor and cisplatin inhibited cell growth in MIBC cells with a higher APOBEC3B expression.Compared to cisplatin single treatment,combination treatment induced more apoptotic cell death in the cells with higher APOBEC3B expression.Conclusion:Our study shows that APOBEC3B’s higher expression status can enhance the sensitivity of MIBC to cisplatin upon ATR inhibition.This result provides new insight into appropriate patient selection for the effective application of ATR inhibitors in MIBC.展开更多
从分子库中筛选出潜在活性化合物,是药物发现常用的方法。然而,随着化学空间的不断探索,目前已有超过数十亿分子的化合物库,仅仅依靠分子对接已不足以从超大化合物库中对特定靶点抑制剂进行快速筛选。本研究提出了一种筛选潜在活性化合...从分子库中筛选出潜在活性化合物,是药物发现常用的方法。然而,随着化学空间的不断探索,目前已有超过数十亿分子的化合物库,仅仅依靠分子对接已不足以从超大化合物库中对特定靶点抑制剂进行快速筛选。本研究提出了一种筛选潜在活性化合物的方法,通过计算物理化学性质相似性、构建机器学习预测模型以及分子对接等步骤,对含有55亿分子的候选化合物库进行过滤筛选,最终得到51个具有共济失调毛细血管扩张突变基因和Rad3相关蛋白(ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related,ATR)激酶潜在抑制活性的化合物。该方法为从超大库中快速筛选新颖潜在活性分子提供了有效途径。展开更多
OBJECTIVE To identify potential cell signaling pathways and protein targets of the active compound isolated from Atracylodes lancea "atractylodin" in cholangiocarcinoma,using proteomics approach.METHODS The ...OBJECTIVE To identify potential cell signaling pathways and protein targets of the active compound isolated from Atracylodes lancea "atractylodin" in cholangiocarcinoma,using proteomics approach.METHODS The holangiocar-cinoma cell line was exposed with atractylodin for 3 and 6 h and the proteins from both intra-and extra-cellular components were extracted.The extract proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and digested with trypsin.The LC-MS/MS was applied to identify proteins.Signaling pathways and protein expression were analyzed by MASCOT and STITCH software.RESULTS A total of 4,323 and 4,318 proteins were identified from intra-and extracellular components,respectively.Six intracellular proteins were linked with the signaling pathways(apoptosis,cell cycle control,and PI3K-AKT).Four extracellular proteins were linked with the signaling pathways(NF-κB and PI3K-AKT).CONCLUSION All these proteins will further study to confirm the link to the anticholangiocarcinoma ac.tivity of actractylodin.展开更多
DNA损伤应答(DNAdamageresponse,DDR)机制包括检测DNA损伤,阻滞细胞周期和启动DNA修复。共济失调毛细血管扩张和Rad3相关激酶(ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related,ATR)是DDR核心的关键激酶,负责感知复制应激(replica-tion stress,...DNA损伤应答(DNAdamageresponse,DDR)机制包括检测DNA损伤,阻滞细胞周期和启动DNA修复。共济失调毛细血管扩张和Rad3相关激酶(ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related,ATR)是DDR核心的关键激酶,负责感知复制应激(replica-tion stress,RS)并将其信号传导至S和G2/M检查点以启动DNA修复。在肿瘤细胞中G1检查点缺失和癌基因的激活,导致癌症细胞更多进入RS增加的S期。因此,肿瘤细胞更加依赖S和G2/M检查点,使其成为一个有吸引力的靶点。ATR抑制剂是目前抗肿瘤药物开发的热点,部分ATR抑制剂目前已经进入临床试验阶段。本综述旨在总结支持ATR抑制剂作为单药以及与化疗、放疗和新型靶向药物(如PARP抑制剂)联合使用的临床试验数据,并讨论目前ATR抑制剂开发和生物标志物探索中面临的挑战。展开更多
OBJECTIVE To formulate atractylodin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)nanoparticles and characterize the prepared nanoparticle formulation.METHODS The nanoparticle formulation was developed using solvent displ...OBJECTIVE To formulate atractylodin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)nanoparticles and characterize the prepared nanoparticle formulation.METHODS The nanoparticle formulation was developed using solvent displacement method.The encapsulation and loading efficiency were characterized and particle size,and zeta potential were determined by dynamic light scattering technique.Drug release was assessed in vitro.RESULTS The size(mean±SD of diameter) of the prepared atractylodin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were(161.27 ± 1.87)nm with narrow size distribution(mean PDI:0.068±0.015) and zeta potential(28.83±0.35)mV.The encapsulation and loading efficiency were(48.31±0.83)% and(2.15±0.04)%,respectively.Drug release from atractylodin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles was observed up to(87.70±0.47)% in 72 h with biphasic manner.Moreover,the nanoparticles were found to be freely dispersible in water without aggregation.CONCLUSION Results suggest that PLGA nanoparticles may be used as an effective drug delivery system for atractylodin.The anti-cholangiocarcinoma activity of this nanoparticle formulation is required.展开更多
Intensive cancer treatment with drug combination is widely exploited in the clinic but suffers from inconsistent pharmacokinetics among different therapeutic agents.To overcome it,the emerging nanomedicine offers an u...Intensive cancer treatment with drug combination is widely exploited in the clinic but suffers from inconsistent pharmacokinetics among different therapeutic agents.To overcome it,the emerging nanomedicine offers an unparalleled opportunity for encapsulating multiple drugs in a nano-carrier.Herein,a two-step super-assembled strategy was performed to unify the pharmacokinetics of a peptide and a small molecular compound.In this proof-of-concept study,the bioinformatics analysis firstly revealed the potential synergies towards hepatoma therapy for the associative inhibition of exportin 1(XPO1)and ataxia telangiectasia mutated-Rad3-related(ATR),and then a super-assembled nano-pill(gold nano drug carrier loaded AZD6738 and 97110 amino acids of apoptin(AP)(AA@G))was constructed through camouflaging AZD6738(ATR small-molecule inhibitor)-binding human serum albumin onto the AP-Au supramolecular nanoparticle.As expected,both in vitro and in vivo experiment results verified that the AA@G possessed extraordinary biocompatibility and enhanced therapeutic effect through inducing cell cycle arrest,promoting DNA damage and inhibiting DNA repair of hepatoma cell.This work not only provides a co-delivery strategy for intensive liver cancer treatment with the clinical translational potential,but develops a common approach to unify the pharmacokinetics of peptide and small-molecular compounds,thereby extending the scope of drugs for developing the advanced combination therapy.展开更多
基金Supported by Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project for College Students in Heilongjiang Province(S202210223119)the Central Fund Support for the Talent Training Project of Local University Reform and Development(2020GSP16).
文摘Atractylodis Rhizoma comes from the dry rhizome of Atractylis lancea or Atractylodes chinensis in the Compositae family,and it is suitable for preventing and treating diseases such as cold,edema,night blindness and rheumatic arthralgia.Atractylodin is the main active component extracted and isolated from Atractylodis Rhizoma.A large number of studies have found that atractylodin has excellent drug activity in improving gastrointestinal emptying,anti-inflammation,inhibiting malignant tumor and reducing blood lipid.In this paper,the purification process and pharmacological activity of Atractylodin were summarized to provide a theoretical basis for basic research,clinical application and further development and utilization of atractylodin.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project for the Construction of Chengde National Sustainable Development Agenda Innovation Demonstration Zone(202007F004)Science and Technology Business Project of Hebei Provincial Department of Science and Technology(V1623138472760)。
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to compare the effects of different initial processing methods on atractylodin content of Atractylodes chinensis.[Methods]The atractylodin content of A.chinensis obtained by different initial processing methods was determined by HPLC.The loss rate on drying was determined by weighing.[Results]In the study of drying methods,the atractylodin content varied significantly among different thicknesses of slices,and the overall content of the product with the slice thickness of 5 mm was higher.Among different drying methods,constant temperature vacuum drying and shade drying of 5 mm slice resulted in the highest content of atractylodin.In the experiment of root impacting,root impacting twice received the best effect,and there was no significant difference in the atractylosin content of A.chinensis between drying in the sun and drying in the shade after root impacting twice(P>0.05).[Conclusions]Constant temperature vacuum drying or drying in the shade with the slice thickness of 5 mm,and root impacting twice is the best initial processing method,which leads to high atractylodin content of A.chinensis and good quality of medicinal materials.
基金supported by St.Vincent’s Hospital,the Research Institute of Medical Science(Grant Number:SVHR-2021-03).
文摘Background:Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide(APOBEC),an endogenous mutator,induces DNA damage and activates the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related(ATR)-checkpoint kinase 1(Chk1)pathway.Although cisplatin-based therapy is the mainstay for muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC),it has a poor survival rate.Therefore,this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an ATR inhibitor combined with cisplatin in the treatment of APOBEC catalytic subunit 3B(APOBEC3B)expressing MIBC.Methods:Immunohistochemical staining was performed to analyze an association between APOBEC3B and ATR in patients with MIBC.The APOBEC3B expression in MIBC cell lines was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis.Western blot analysis was performed to confirm differences in phosphorylated Chk1(pChk1)expression according to the APOBEC3B expression.Cell viability and apoptosis analyses were performed to examine the anti-tumor activity of ATR inhibitors combined with cisplatin.Results:There was a significant association between APOBEC3B and ATR expression in the tumor tissues obtained from patients with MIBC.Cells with higher APOBEC3B expression showed higher pChk1 expression than cells expressing low APOBEC3B levels.Combination treatment of ATR inhibitor and cisplatin inhibited cell growth in MIBC cells with a higher APOBEC3B expression.Compared to cisplatin single treatment,combination treatment induced more apoptotic cell death in the cells with higher APOBEC3B expression.Conclusion:Our study shows that APOBEC3B’s higher expression status can enhance the sensitivity of MIBC to cisplatin upon ATR inhibition.This result provides new insight into appropriate patient selection for the effective application of ATR inhibitors in MIBC.
文摘从分子库中筛选出潜在活性化合物,是药物发现常用的方法。然而,随着化学空间的不断探索,目前已有超过数十亿分子的化合物库,仅仅依靠分子对接已不足以从超大化合物库中对特定靶点抑制剂进行快速筛选。本研究提出了一种筛选潜在活性化合物的方法,通过计算物理化学性质相似性、构建机器学习预测模型以及分子对接等步骤,对含有55亿分子的候选化合物库进行过滤筛选,最终得到51个具有共济失调毛细血管扩张突变基因和Rad3相关蛋白(ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related,ATR)激酶潜在抑制活性的化合物。该方法为从超大库中快速筛选新颖潜在活性分子提供了有效途径。
基金supported by Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma,Chulabhorn International College of Medicine,Thammasat University The National Research University Project of Thailand(NRU)
文摘OBJECTIVE To identify potential cell signaling pathways and protein targets of the active compound isolated from Atracylodes lancea "atractylodin" in cholangiocarcinoma,using proteomics approach.METHODS The holangiocar-cinoma cell line was exposed with atractylodin for 3 and 6 h and the proteins from both intra-and extra-cellular components were extracted.The extract proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and digested with trypsin.The LC-MS/MS was applied to identify proteins.Signaling pathways and protein expression were analyzed by MASCOT and STITCH software.RESULTS A total of 4,323 and 4,318 proteins were identified from intra-and extracellular components,respectively.Six intracellular proteins were linked with the signaling pathways(apoptosis,cell cycle control,and PI3K-AKT).Four extracellular proteins were linked with the signaling pathways(NF-κB and PI3K-AKT).CONCLUSION All these proteins will further study to confirm the link to the anticholangiocarcinoma ac.tivity of actractylodin.
文摘DNA损伤应答(DNAdamageresponse,DDR)机制包括检测DNA损伤,阻滞细胞周期和启动DNA修复。共济失调毛细血管扩张和Rad3相关激酶(ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related,ATR)是DDR核心的关键激酶,负责感知复制应激(replica-tion stress,RS)并将其信号传导至S和G2/M检查点以启动DNA修复。在肿瘤细胞中G1检查点缺失和癌基因的激活,导致癌症细胞更多进入RS增加的S期。因此,肿瘤细胞更加依赖S和G2/M检查点,使其成为一个有吸引力的靶点。ATR抑制剂是目前抗肿瘤药物开发的热点,部分ATR抑制剂目前已经进入临床试验阶段。本综述旨在总结支持ATR抑制剂作为单药以及与化疗、放疗和新型靶向药物(如PARP抑制剂)联合使用的临床试验数据,并讨论目前ATR抑制剂开发和生物标志物探索中面临的挑战。
基金supported by Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma,Chulabhorn International College of Medicine,Thammasat University the National Research University Project of Thailand(NRU)
文摘OBJECTIVE To formulate atractylodin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)nanoparticles and characterize the prepared nanoparticle formulation.METHODS The nanoparticle formulation was developed using solvent displacement method.The encapsulation and loading efficiency were characterized and particle size,and zeta potential were determined by dynamic light scattering technique.Drug release was assessed in vitro.RESULTS The size(mean±SD of diameter) of the prepared atractylodin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were(161.27 ± 1.87)nm with narrow size distribution(mean PDI:0.068±0.015) and zeta potential(28.83±0.35)mV.The encapsulation and loading efficiency were(48.31±0.83)% and(2.15±0.04)%,respectively.Drug release from atractylodin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles was observed up to(87.70±0.47)% in 72 h with biphasic manner.Moreover,the nanoparticles were found to be freely dispersible in water without aggregation.CONCLUSION Results suggest that PLGA nanoparticles may be used as an effective drug delivery system for atractylodin.The anti-cholangiocarcinoma activity of this nanoparticle formulation is required.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:81272488 and 81602802)the Shaanxi Province Innovation Capacity Support Program(Grant No.:2018TD-002).
文摘Intensive cancer treatment with drug combination is widely exploited in the clinic but suffers from inconsistent pharmacokinetics among different therapeutic agents.To overcome it,the emerging nanomedicine offers an unparalleled opportunity for encapsulating multiple drugs in a nano-carrier.Herein,a two-step super-assembled strategy was performed to unify the pharmacokinetics of a peptide and a small molecular compound.In this proof-of-concept study,the bioinformatics analysis firstly revealed the potential synergies towards hepatoma therapy for the associative inhibition of exportin 1(XPO1)and ataxia telangiectasia mutated-Rad3-related(ATR),and then a super-assembled nano-pill(gold nano drug carrier loaded AZD6738 and 97110 amino acids of apoptin(AP)(AA@G))was constructed through camouflaging AZD6738(ATR small-molecule inhibitor)-binding human serum albumin onto the AP-Au supramolecular nanoparticle.As expected,both in vitro and in vivo experiment results verified that the AA@G possessed extraordinary biocompatibility and enhanced therapeutic effect through inducing cell cycle arrest,promoting DNA damage and inhibiting DNA repair of hepatoma cell.This work not only provides a co-delivery strategy for intensive liver cancer treatment with the clinical translational potential,but develops a common approach to unify the pharmacokinetics of peptide and small-molecular compounds,thereby extending the scope of drugs for developing the advanced combination therapy.
