The prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia are nonspecific and include social withdrawal, sleeplessness, decreased desire, and loss of concentration. Schizophrenia outcomes might be improved if greater therapeutic effort...The prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia are nonspecific and include social withdrawal, sleeplessness, decreased desire, and loss of concentration. Schizophrenia outcomes might be improved if greater therapeutic effort was focused on people with prodromal symptoms. To hasten help-seeking for schizophrenia, we developed a schizophrenia education program for families of patients. Help-seeking and schizophrenia attitudes and knowledge were analyzed among Japanese parents (666 fathers and 613 mothers) of high school students by using the Social Distance Scale-Japanese version, the Link Devaluation-Discrimination Measure and our own questions on help-seeking and schizophrenia knowledge. Statistical analysis included cross-tabulation, the χ2 test, and multiple regression analysis. Most (97.5%) fathers were aged 40 - 59 years;most (78.3%) mothers were aged 40 - 49 years. There was a significant difference between fathers and mothers in basic knowledge of schizophrenia (P < 0.001);however, fathers and mothers did not significantly differ in their attitudes toward schizophrenia (P > 0.05). When asked what treatment they would seek for a child with sleeplessness or social withdrawal, fathers and mothers significantly differed in seeking help medical care at a department of psychosomatic medicine (P < 0.05) and in seeking help from the nurse at their child’s school (P < 0.001). Fathers and mothers also differed in relation to the decision not to seek help (P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that basic knowledge significantly differed between fathers and mothers (P = 0.001). In an analysis of parental response to a child with sleepiness and social withdrawal, multiple regression analysis revealed that fathers and mothers significantly differed in the likelihood of seeking help at a department of psychosomatic medicine and from a school nurse and in the likelihood of not seeking help (P < 0.05, P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, help-seeking behavior differed between Japanese fathers and mothers. These findings should assist in developing schizophrenia education programs that aim to hasten intervention.展开更多
Although the figure of the father has progressively gained a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">place in birth</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, it is still ...Although the figure of the father has progressively gained a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">place in birth</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, it is still displaced and in the mere role of a companion. Objective: To understand the experience of fathers who have prepared to get actively involved in birth and to undergo the experience of early physical contact with their newborns. Method: A qualitative Action-Research (AR) design was carried out, which considered the antenatal educational intervention of 12 fathers together with their pregnant partners. After delivery, individual interviews were conducted </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in depth</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> to collect the paternal experience at birth. Results: The central emerging theme developed during AR was “</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Paternal role and early bonding with the child</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">”, whereas the experience was comprehended in two central themes related to the meaning of the father-child encounter-contact: “</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The impact of the face-to-face encounter with the child</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">”;“</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The first physical contact with the child</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> a key moment</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">”. Conclusion: The fathers who were prepared and involved from pregnancy and at birth attribute a special meaning to the father-child relationship which generated since the first encounter, allowing them to feel, enjoy and commit to </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">care</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.展开更多
Hester Prynne,heroine of Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter,seems idealized by the narrator,yet in her attitudes and behaviors there are some contradictions that need a further study.Her role as a mother plays a vital...Hester Prynne,heroine of Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter,seems idealized by the narrator,yet in her attitudes and behaviors there are some contradictions that need a further study.Her role as a mother plays a vital part in all the contradictions,bringing the figure to life from the sacred shrine made for her by the narrator.To understand the significance of Hester's mother's role in her contradictions will reveal a character more human to the reader.展开更多
Computer technology has been greatly developed in recent years, and it has to great extent assisted English teaching and learning, but do students show absolutely positive attitudes towards teaching and learning in CA...Computer technology has been greatly developed in recent years, and it has to great extent assisted English teaching and learning, but do students show absolutely positive attitudes towards teaching and learning in CALL environment? This paper is to investigate students' attitudes towards issues of different aspects, concerning teaching and learning in CALL environment.展开更多
Western society has historically perceived Arab attitudes toward gender roles in a stereotypically negative light. This perception has had great influence on international public opinion toward Arab treatment of women...Western society has historically perceived Arab attitudes toward gender roles in a stereotypically negative light. This perception has had great influence on international public opinion toward Arab treatment of women, Western foreign policy toward the Arab world and development aid programs in the Middle East. This paper seeks to question the legitimacy of this perception by advancing the hypothesis that Arab attitudes toward gender roles are heterogeneous rather than homogeneous. To do so, it uses cross-cultural analysis in examining survey data regarding women's status in the Arab world, the significance of which contributes to a more accurate and well-rounded understanding of Arab attitudes toward gender roles. Results confirm the hypothesis that Arab attitudes toward gender roles are heterogeneous rather than homogeneous. Indeed, contrary to the Western stereotype regarding Arab attitudes toward gender roles and Arab treatment of women, cross-cultural analysis of the statistical information provided showed that Arab societies differ from one another in their attitudes toward gender roles and that Arab states differ from one another in their governmental approaches to gender equality in terms of personal status laws, gender-based discrimination in the workplace, and overall policies aimed at the advancement of women.展开更多
文章探讨了锻炼态度对体育学习投入的影响以及自我效能感的中介作用.采用体育锻炼态度量表、学习投入量表和自我效能量表,选取甘肃省4所高职院校784名大学生进行问卷调查.结果表明,锻炼态度对体育学习投入呈显著正相关(β=0.994, p <...文章探讨了锻炼态度对体育学习投入的影响以及自我效能感的中介作用.采用体育锻炼态度量表、学习投入量表和自我效能量表,选取甘肃省4所高职院校784名大学生进行问卷调查.结果表明,锻炼态度对体育学习投入呈显著正相关(β=0.994, p <0.001);自我效能感对体育学习投入呈显著正相关(β=1.078, p <0.001);自我效能感在两者之间具有完全中介作用,且自我效能感的效应占比达84%.由此得出结论:锻炼态度、自我效能感和体育学习投入三者间具有明显正相关性;通过提高锻炼态度可以增强体育学习投入的积极性,也可以通过提高自我效能感间接提高体育学习投入.展开更多
文摘The prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia are nonspecific and include social withdrawal, sleeplessness, decreased desire, and loss of concentration. Schizophrenia outcomes might be improved if greater therapeutic effort was focused on people with prodromal symptoms. To hasten help-seeking for schizophrenia, we developed a schizophrenia education program for families of patients. Help-seeking and schizophrenia attitudes and knowledge were analyzed among Japanese parents (666 fathers and 613 mothers) of high school students by using the Social Distance Scale-Japanese version, the Link Devaluation-Discrimination Measure and our own questions on help-seeking and schizophrenia knowledge. Statistical analysis included cross-tabulation, the χ2 test, and multiple regression analysis. Most (97.5%) fathers were aged 40 - 59 years;most (78.3%) mothers were aged 40 - 49 years. There was a significant difference between fathers and mothers in basic knowledge of schizophrenia (P < 0.001);however, fathers and mothers did not significantly differ in their attitudes toward schizophrenia (P > 0.05). When asked what treatment they would seek for a child with sleeplessness or social withdrawal, fathers and mothers significantly differed in seeking help medical care at a department of psychosomatic medicine (P < 0.05) and in seeking help from the nurse at their child’s school (P < 0.001). Fathers and mothers also differed in relation to the decision not to seek help (P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that basic knowledge significantly differed between fathers and mothers (P = 0.001). In an analysis of parental response to a child with sleepiness and social withdrawal, multiple regression analysis revealed that fathers and mothers significantly differed in the likelihood of seeking help at a department of psychosomatic medicine and from a school nurse and in the likelihood of not seeking help (P < 0.05, P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, help-seeking behavior differed between Japanese fathers and mothers. These findings should assist in developing schizophrenia education programs that aim to hasten intervention.
文摘Although the figure of the father has progressively gained a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">place in birth</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, it is still displaced and in the mere role of a companion. Objective: To understand the experience of fathers who have prepared to get actively involved in birth and to undergo the experience of early physical contact with their newborns. Method: A qualitative Action-Research (AR) design was carried out, which considered the antenatal educational intervention of 12 fathers together with their pregnant partners. After delivery, individual interviews were conducted </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in depth</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> to collect the paternal experience at birth. Results: The central emerging theme developed during AR was “</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Paternal role and early bonding with the child</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">”, whereas the experience was comprehended in two central themes related to the meaning of the father-child encounter-contact: “</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The impact of the face-to-face encounter with the child</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">”;“</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The first physical contact with the child</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> a key moment</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">”. Conclusion: The fathers who were prepared and involved from pregnancy and at birth attribute a special meaning to the father-child relationship which generated since the first encounter, allowing them to feel, enjoy and commit to </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">care</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.
文摘Hester Prynne,heroine of Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter,seems idealized by the narrator,yet in her attitudes and behaviors there are some contradictions that need a further study.Her role as a mother plays a vital part in all the contradictions,bringing the figure to life from the sacred shrine made for her by the narrator.To understand the significance of Hester's mother's role in her contradictions will reveal a character more human to the reader.
文摘Computer technology has been greatly developed in recent years, and it has to great extent assisted English teaching and learning, but do students show absolutely positive attitudes towards teaching and learning in CALL environment? This paper is to investigate students' attitudes towards issues of different aspects, concerning teaching and learning in CALL environment.
文摘Western society has historically perceived Arab attitudes toward gender roles in a stereotypically negative light. This perception has had great influence on international public opinion toward Arab treatment of women, Western foreign policy toward the Arab world and development aid programs in the Middle East. This paper seeks to question the legitimacy of this perception by advancing the hypothesis that Arab attitudes toward gender roles are heterogeneous rather than homogeneous. To do so, it uses cross-cultural analysis in examining survey data regarding women's status in the Arab world, the significance of which contributes to a more accurate and well-rounded understanding of Arab attitudes toward gender roles. Results confirm the hypothesis that Arab attitudes toward gender roles are heterogeneous rather than homogeneous. Indeed, contrary to the Western stereotype regarding Arab attitudes toward gender roles and Arab treatment of women, cross-cultural analysis of the statistical information provided showed that Arab societies differ from one another in their attitudes toward gender roles and that Arab states differ from one another in their governmental approaches to gender equality in terms of personal status laws, gender-based discrimination in the workplace, and overall policies aimed at the advancement of women.
文摘文章探讨了锻炼态度对体育学习投入的影响以及自我效能感的中介作用.采用体育锻炼态度量表、学习投入量表和自我效能量表,选取甘肃省4所高职院校784名大学生进行问卷调查.结果表明,锻炼态度对体育学习投入呈显著正相关(β=0.994, p <0.001);自我效能感对体育学习投入呈显著正相关(β=1.078, p <0.001);自我效能感在两者之间具有完全中介作用,且自我效能感的效应占比达84%.由此得出结论:锻炼态度、自我效能感和体育学习投入三者间具有明显正相关性;通过提高锻炼态度可以增强体育学习投入的积极性,也可以通过提高自我效能感间接提高体育学习投入.