Velocity of debris flow is one of the most important characteristics for the protective construction design. Since debris flows are rare events, and observations are conducted only on stations in Russia, Ukraine, Ital...Velocity of debris flow is one of the most important characteristics for the protective construction design. Since debris flows are rare events, and observations are conducted only on stations in Russia, Ukraine, Italy, Switzerland, USA, China, Japan and New Zealand, the velocity is calculated rather than measured. Nowadays, a large number of videos with passing debris flows have appeared on the Internet. Scientists can use such video materials to obtain qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the debris flow. Therefore, the aim of our research is an attempt to measure the debris flow velocity using video materials and compare the obtained results with the calculated values using various methods. The debris flow that came down in Firgen, Austria on August 4, 2012 was chosen as the object of our study. The video was carried out from several angles, so it was possible to select a section of the channel, through which we could measure the debris flows waves velocity. In addition, we calculated the velocities of waves by formulas adopted in the regulatory documents and compared with the measured by video values. During the video analysis, debris flow velocities at different sites were observed: minimum—7.2 m/s and maximum—10 m/s. The calculated values varied from 4.5 m/s to 11.4 m/s. Moreover, we applied model of the transport-shear process of debris flow formation developed by Yu. B. Vinogradov. When we were comparing the obtained debris flow discharges with results from Austrian colleagues, we found out that the values were similar to each other. However, internal scatter in the model changed from 151 to 190 m3/s, while in the report of Austrian colleagues the discharges were from 80 to 250 m3/s.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to present and analyze the methodological guidelines that directed the design, production, and use of the video program 衹要功夫深,铁棒磨成针 or How to Use the Chinese Dictionary： Beginn...The purpose of this paper is to present and analyze the methodological guidelines that directed the design, production, and use of the video program 衹要功夫深,铁棒磨成针 or How to Use the Chinese Dictionary： Beginners＇ Level, as well as expose the development phases of the program and its use by teachers in the classrooms of Chinese as a foreign language. This program is part of a series of videos about the use of dictionaries in different languages, which have been designed, produced, used, and assessed in the framework of the project ＂Diseno y produccion de material didctico en video para la ensefianza de lenguas en la UNAM＂ （Design and Production of Didactic Materials on Video for the Teaching of Languages at UNAM）, just as presented at the II Congreso Internacional de Lexicografia Hispanica （II International Congress of Hispanic Lexicography） （2006）. The topic Of this paper is the use of Chinese-Spanish bilingual dictionary. The method used was descriptive and systematic analysis methodological guidelines for creation derived from the design model proposed.展开更多
目的:建立本土化的中国面部表情视频系统(chinese facial expression video system,CFEVS)以增加情绪研究的取材范围。方法:录制强度分为三等级的喜悦、悲伤、惊奇、恐惧、愤怒、厌恶及中性(无表情及咀嚼动作两种)等面部表情视频片段,...目的:建立本土化的中国面部表情视频系统(chinese facial expression video system,CFEVS)以增加情绪研究的取材范围。方法:录制强度分为三等级的喜悦、悲伤、惊奇、恐惧、愤怒、厌恶及中性(无表情及咀嚼动作两种)等面部表情视频片段,经两轮粗选后,请50名中国大学生对剩余视频片段的表情类型、愉悦度、唤醒度及表演者的长相进行自我报告式评定。将表情类型、愉悦度、唤醒度一致性高且表情类型与愉悦度相一致的片段纳入CFEVS,做分布分析,同时分析评测者性别、表演者长相对愉悦度、唤醒度分值的影响。结果:纳入CFEVS的喜悦表情男18女43共61个,悲伤表情男23女28共51个,无表情中性男13女17共31个,咀嚼中性男7女17共24个。散点图显示CFEVS在愉悦度及唤醒度上分布较为广泛。方差分析表明评测者性别及表演者长相对视频片段的愉悦度、唤醒度的影响与其表情类型有关。结论:本研究初步建立了一个拥有喜悦、悲伤及中性表情的CFEVS,并发现评测者的性别及表演者的长相可影响实验结果。展开更多
文摘Velocity of debris flow is one of the most important characteristics for the protective construction design. Since debris flows are rare events, and observations are conducted only on stations in Russia, Ukraine, Italy, Switzerland, USA, China, Japan and New Zealand, the velocity is calculated rather than measured. Nowadays, a large number of videos with passing debris flows have appeared on the Internet. Scientists can use such video materials to obtain qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the debris flow. Therefore, the aim of our research is an attempt to measure the debris flow velocity using video materials and compare the obtained results with the calculated values using various methods. The debris flow that came down in Firgen, Austria on August 4, 2012 was chosen as the object of our study. The video was carried out from several angles, so it was possible to select a section of the channel, through which we could measure the debris flows waves velocity. In addition, we calculated the velocities of waves by formulas adopted in the regulatory documents and compared with the measured by video values. During the video analysis, debris flow velocities at different sites were observed: minimum—7.2 m/s and maximum—10 m/s. The calculated values varied from 4.5 m/s to 11.4 m/s. Moreover, we applied model of the transport-shear process of debris flow formation developed by Yu. B. Vinogradov. When we were comparing the obtained debris flow discharges with results from Austrian colleagues, we found out that the values were similar to each other. However, internal scatter in the model changed from 151 to 190 m3/s, while in the report of Austrian colleagues the discharges were from 80 to 250 m3/s.
文摘The purpose of this paper is to present and analyze the methodological guidelines that directed the design, production, and use of the video program 衹要功夫深,铁棒磨成针 or How to Use the Chinese Dictionary： Beginners＇ Level, as well as expose the development phases of the program and its use by teachers in the classrooms of Chinese as a foreign language. This program is part of a series of videos about the use of dictionaries in different languages, which have been designed, produced, used, and assessed in the framework of the project ＂Diseno y produccion de material didctico en video para la ensefianza de lenguas en la UNAM＂ （Design and Production of Didactic Materials on Video for the Teaching of Languages at UNAM）, just as presented at the II Congreso Internacional de Lexicografia Hispanica （II International Congress of Hispanic Lexicography） （2006）. The topic Of this paper is the use of Chinese-Spanish bilingual dictionary. The method used was descriptive and systematic analysis methodological guidelines for creation derived from the design model proposed.
文摘目的:建立本土化的中国面部表情视频系统(chinese facial expression video system,CFEVS)以增加情绪研究的取材范围。方法:录制强度分为三等级的喜悦、悲伤、惊奇、恐惧、愤怒、厌恶及中性(无表情及咀嚼动作两种)等面部表情视频片段,经两轮粗选后,请50名中国大学生对剩余视频片段的表情类型、愉悦度、唤醒度及表演者的长相进行自我报告式评定。将表情类型、愉悦度、唤醒度一致性高且表情类型与愉悦度相一致的片段纳入CFEVS,做分布分析,同时分析评测者性别、表演者长相对愉悦度、唤醒度分值的影响。结果:纳入CFEVS的喜悦表情男18女43共61个,悲伤表情男23女28共51个,无表情中性男13女17共31个,咀嚼中性男7女17共24个。散点图显示CFEVS在愉悦度及唤醒度上分布较为广泛。方差分析表明评测者性别及表演者长相对视频片段的愉悦度、唤醒度的影响与其表情类型有关。结论:本研究初步建立了一个拥有喜悦、悲伤及中性表情的CFEVS,并发现评测者的性别及表演者的长相可影响实验结果。
