Attributes of Specialized Households'Resilience and Its Impact on Rural Industrial Advancement:A Case Study of National Musical Instrument Production Specialized Households in Lankao County,Henan,China

Specialized households serve as the primary units within specialized villages in China,and their capacity to withstand risks and external influences significantly shapes the future trajectory of specialized villages and the overall vitality of the rural economy.In this study,we established a measurement indicator system based on the definition of specialized households’resilience,elucidating the logical connection between specialized households’resilience and rural industrial development in China.The musical instrument industry in Lankao County,Henan Province of China,was employed as a case;survey data,the entropy method,and an obstacle diagnosis model were used to examine how instrument production specialized households responded to the challenges posed by Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)and the tightening of national environmental protection policies,yielding the following key findings:1)there exists substantial variation in the comprehensive resilience levels among different specialized households;2)the ability to learn and adapt is the most significant contributor to the overall resilience level of specialized households;3)technological proficiency and access to skilled talent emerge as pivotal factors influencing specialized households’resilience;4)the positioning of specialized households within the industrial supply chain and the stability of their income have a direct bearing on their resilience level.The influence of specialized households’resilience on industrial development primarily manifests in the following ways:stronger resilience correlates with increased stability in production and sales,fostering a more proactive approach to future actions.However,heightened exposure to the external macroeconomic environment can lead to a higher rate of export reduction.To enhance the development resilience of entities like specialized households and family farms,and to invigorate rural economic development,escalating investments in rural science and technology and prioritizing the training of technical talent become imperative.

Specialization or Diversification:Which is More Conducive to Foreign Trade Resilience?Evidence from China-Russia Border Regions in Northeast China

Under the background of complex international situation,how to build the special geo-economic space of China-Russia bor-der lies in strengthening their foreign trade resilience against external shocks.Based on empirical evidence from ten prefecture-level China-Russia border regions in Northeast China,this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of foreign trade resilience under different shocks.Furthermore,through the Panel Regression model,the mechanism of the industrial structure on the foreign trade resilience in contraction period and expansion period was discussed.The results showed that:1)from 2004 to 2021,foreign trade in China-Russia border regions experienced five phases.The overall foreign trade resilience was higher than expected,showing a rising volatility trend,but there was significant spatial heterogeneity in the ability of cities to cope with shocks.2)Highly specialized clusters were mainly concentrated in Yichun,Heihe and Da Hinggan Ling Prefecture,while Mudanjiang and Yanbian performed better in related and unrelated diversification.3)In different stages of economic system evolution,the response mode,degree and result of border foreign trade resilience to regional industrial structure showed obvious stage characteristics.During the contraction period,related diversification was more conducive to improving the resistance through risk spillovers.During the expansion period,specialization played a more significant role in improving regional resilience through self-reinforcing effect.These results are beneficial for expanding the resilience theory,ensuring border economic security and optimizing border industrial investment layout.

China's Industrial Upgrade in Global Factor Specialization

China has operated as a proactive destination of technology transfer and diffusion from the Western world since reform and opening-up in 1978.This enabled the country to seize strategic opportunities of global factor specialization and helped it achieve great industrial development and upgrade.Nevertheless,the traditional path of integration into the global system of factor specialization has also brought about problems of imbalance and incoordination such as an excessive consumption of natural resources and environmental damage,making it necessary for China's industrial development to increase sustainability.Deepening of global factor specialization,increased cross-border liquidity,and the strategy of "reverse integration" of multinational firms based on developing economies are tendencies highly consistent with the direction of China's industrial development and upgrade and present new strategic opportunities for integration into global factor specialization and industrial transformation.Rather than simply acting passively as a destination of foreign investment,a new round of opening-up is required for China to take a more efficient route in the global system of factor specialization.Therefore,in the area of industrial development,China must keep a down-to-earth attitude,effectively utilize the existing comparative advantages,and follow a gradual and science-based approach.Only by following this course will China be able to take advantage of the new opportunities,foster advanced indigenous and international factors,and increase its capabilities of innovation and global operation on the basis of global resources integration.

Comparative Analysis on Farmers' Specialized Cooperatives from the Perspective of Agricultural Industry Chain

Taking three typical farmers' specialized cooperatives in Jingyuan County of Gansu Province as example,this paper compared with the operating mode of three cooperatives and their position in the agricultural industry chain,and analyzed operating characteristics,problems,and similarities of three cooperatives and their functions in the agricultural industry chain.The study indicated that the farmers' specialized cooperatives can accurately find their position in the agricultural industry chain.This is helpful for raising their comprehensive competitiveness and it is very important to manage the survival and development of farmers' specialized cooperatives,which is of utmost importance to their effective operation.According to this study,the government should strengthen its support,speed up the cultivation of new-type professional farmers,while farmers' specialized cooperatives should grasp the operating characteristics,locate themselves and integrate multi-resources.These are effective measures for promoting healthy operation of farmers' specialized cooperatives.

Special Issue on Future Digital Design and Manufacturing:Embracing Industry 4.0 and Beyond-Part Ⅱ

Digital design and manufacturing have been under pinned by digital modeling, simulation, and automation controls for decades. Under the new market requirement of mass customized products and services, the advancements in artificial intelligence （AI）, smart technology, virtual reality （VR）, big data, digital twin, robotics and human-centered design are becoming driving forces for the development of future digital design and manufacturing. This special issue focuses on the future digital design and manufacturing especially under the Industry 4.0 framework and beyond. This editorial introduces the papers in this special issue, which linked to the International Workshop on Digital Design and Manufacturing Technologies - Embracing Industry 4.0 and Beyond at Northumbria University in Newcastle, UK, held on 12-13 April 2016. In the Part I of the issue [1], there are 13 papers published in 2016, Vol- ume 29, No 6 of the Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering （this journal）.

Design of Industrial Floors—Review of Guidelines, Special Designing Issues (Part 1)

We are placing more and more emphasis on the design of industrial floors when designing the structure of buildings. Currently there are only a few approved designing guidelines that practicing engineers can use to easily design industrial floors. Rather the best practice is that the manufacturers of certain products (concrete fibre reinforcement, dilatation joints) carry out the more or less professional designing. In addition, there are numerous incurring questions in connection with applying the internationally approved guidelines in terms of applicability and reliability. Our paper is based on years of experience in designing industrial floors. In the first part the main guidelines, their characteristics and opportunities of application are discussed. In the second part we take a closer look at the most common TR34 British guideline, presenting its most significant designing formulas, which support engineering practitioners in carrying out the design of industrial floors on their own. In the third part we demonstrate advanced finite element analyses, comparing results with real sized experiments and with results of the guidelines.

The Role of External Auditor in Protecting the Financial Information Listed in the Financial Statements in the Jordanian Industrial Companies

This study aims to know the role of external auditor in protecting the financial information listed in the financial statements in the Jordanian industrial companies. The sample of this study consisted of 70 auditors who work for Jordanian industrial companies, whereas a questionnaire survey was designed and distributed to them. A total of 68 questionnaires were received that are valid for statistical analysis accounting for 97% of the overall distributed questiormaires; and the questionnaires have been analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The results of the study revealed that the external auditor uses the information technology in examining the financial information listed in the financial statements. Also, it was found that the external auditor is keen to ensure the credibility of the financial statements of the company. The study recommended the external auditor in the Jordanian industrial companies to be more interested in updating the company＇s electronic financial system.

Current Status of the Integrated Circuit Industry in China--IC Special Equipment Industry by:Lithotechsolutions.org

1.Introduction In recent years,China's semiconductor equipment industry has made considerable progress,some key equipment have been developed,achieving a revolutionary breakthrough.Meanwhile,a great number of domestic equipment have been applied to large mass production lines,indicating new progress in industrialization.From the policy perspective,the state has continuously introduced policies to support the localization of the semiconductor industry,and has invested more than 100 billion yuan to boost the development of the semiconductor industry chain since 2014.

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Agricultural Specialized Villages in Guangdong Province,China

China is vigorously implementing a rural revitalization strategy with the prosperity of rural industries as the primary goal.The characteristic economy of’One Village One Product’(OVOP)is particularly significant in promoting rural revitalization and increasing farmers’income.Accurately identifying the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural specialized villages(ASVs)under OVOP provides a preliminary research basis for constructing the theoretical framework of specialization and clustering of rural industrial development.This study takes Guangdong Province,China as an example,using kernel density estimation,Ripley’s K function,geometric fractals,principal component regression and other methods to identify the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of ASVs.It was found that the ASVs in Guangdong Province are dominated by the planting industry,with an uneven number in space and a multi patch distribution.Specifically,ASVs are mainly distributed in the Chaoshan Plain in the eastern Guangdong,the northern mountainous area of Guangzhou,and the eastern part of Maoming City.Its spatial distribution mode obeys the aggregation distribution pattern at the scale of province,region and municipality(prefecture-level city).In addition,the formation and development of ASVs are affected by multiple internal and external factors.The influence of basic factors such as natural environmental conditions is gradually weakening,while the influence of social and economic factors such as market demand is gradually increasing.This study can enrich the research results of ASVs and provide guidance and reference for the long-term and high-quality development of rural industry revitalization.

THE DIFFERENCE OF ECONOMIC FUNCTION AND THE TRENDS OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN CENTRAL CITIES ALONG THE XIJIANG RIVER

The Xijiang River is an important link between Guangdong Province and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and a tie between its basin and the world. The zone which consists of 12 cities backing onto the main channel, including Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Nanning and Bose, etc., is an economic growing point and industry spreading origin of all the river basin. According to the nonagricultural population scale, these cities are divided into four grades. By analyzing seven indexes (GDP, nonagricultural population, gross values of industrial output, postal and telecommunication service scales, social commodity total volume of retail sales,resident saving balance, student sum in college), these cities are divided into four kinds of growing points, which show the different radiating function in different regions. The 12 cities, which have differed obviously in industry structure and the scale of the secondary＆ tertiary industry, are divided into three industry steps. By studying the difference of urban industrial function specialization in the 12 cities, the problems have been revealed in the urban industry structure developing. They are about the lower levels of the three industries, the lack of coordination with city status in the development of specialized departments, the similarity of the industry structure and the specialized departments, and so on. Based on the pattern of urban industry structure developing and the theory of regional economic step transferring, some suggestions have been discussed. They include the trends of cities’ industry developing, the change and improvement of the percentage of the three industries, the adjustment and amendment of the region and industry structure, and the labor division and location of cities manufacture.

China＇s High-Speed Railway Industry and Applicability of the Anti-Monopoly Law

China＇s high-speed railway industry achieved dazzling development over the years, but not much research has been devoted to this industry from the perspeetive of competition policy. This paper focuses on the industrial organization of China＇s high-speed railway industry and the applicability of the Anti-Monopoly Law. We intend to answer the following questions： （l） Why is the high-speed railway industry not an industry of natural monopoly？ Which segments of the industry have elements of natural monopoly？ （2） At the level of corporate organization, what is the legal and economic rationale behind the patterns of China＇s high-speed railway undertakings evolving from government-affiliated enterprises to special legal person enterprises and then shareholding companies？ （3） The applicability of the Anti-Monopoly Law to the high-speed railway industry. Our conclusions from the perspective of competition policy are worth referencing for similar industries such as electric power, telecommunications, and water and gas supply.

The Effects of Industrial Park Development on Manufacturing Firms’Performance in Ethiopia

This study examines the effects of industrial parks on export earnings,employment creation,and FDI attraction in Ethiopia.Despite varying degrees of successes and failures,several countries have utilized industrial park and other forms of special economic zones as a policy instrument for fostering economic transformation.China is at the forefront of using special economic zones as a policy tool for economic transformation.Ethiopia is one of the African countries that has adopted industrial park development as a policy tool to enhance its economic transformation.However,the issue is not well researched and this study aims to contribute to fill the research gap.The analysis of the hypotheses test reveals that industrial parks in Ethiopia have statistically significant effects on export earnings,employment creation,and FDI attraction with significant levels of p≤0.001.Low labor productivity,domestic raw material supply constraints,weak forward and backward linkage,transport cost and logistic constraints,and government institutions’capacity constraints are identified as the major constraints that affect the effectiveness of industrial parks and manufacturing firms.On the other hand,the availability of a trainable labor force,raw material potential,preferential policies and incentives,the economic growth of the country,and the labor wage rise in China and other emerging countries are identified as the main five potentials and opportunities for sustained and dynamic industrial parks development.Based on the findings,three policy implications are suggested.First,formulating and implementing manufacturing labor force development and utilization policies and strategies are vital.Second,the forward-backward linkage along the value chain needs to be enhanced through proper policies.Finally,institutional capacity building through learning by doing and public-private partnership has to be strengthened.

Rice industrial economy and its development strategy

On the basis of the analysis of the present situation of food grain and rice production in China, countering the beginning tendency to neglect rice production because of rice grain structural surplus and low market price after China’s agriculture entering the new development stage, this paper puts forward the concept of rice industrial economy, explains its attribute, connotation, key factors, etc., forms the basic idea of developing the rice industrial economy, and suggests some strategic measures such as regionalized layout of rice production,etc. to develop the rice industrial economy.

人口规模回旋空间与区域产业发展

未来30年是中国式现代化进程的关键时期,实现人口规模巨大的现代化意味着需要雄厚物质基础,这个物质基础需要一个相对完整、自主、庞大而丰裕度较高的产业体系予以支撑。深入认识人口增长时期区域经济发展过程中人口因素在产业发展中起到的作用有助于在人口负增长条件下更好地保持产业体系完整性,进一步提高劳动生产率,提升产业丰裕度。为此,本文基于文献析出方法从理论上阐释区域产业发展过程中存在依据自身人口规模进行专业化与多样性选择的情况,并且存在两者互动关系。在此基础上,选择以地级市和城市群为观察样本,采用两步广义矩模型(GMM)、空间杜宾模型,并通过工具变量解决内生性问题,检验了在一定技术水平和人力资本水平等其他条件下,区域产业专业化和多样性变动发展过程中人口规模的回旋效应和具体作用。研究发现:区域人口规模对区域产业专业化集聚和发展的互动影响呈现倒“U”型;区域人口规模对区域产业多样性集聚和发展的互动影响呈现“U”型;在区域产业专业化、多样性集聚过程中,存在空间溢出效应;中原城市群、珠三角城市群和京津冀城市群产业集聚的专业化效应和多样性效应得到充分释放,长三角城市群产业集聚的多样性效应更加明显。这充分说明在拥有巨大人口规模形成的超大市场和充沛的劳动力供给且国土广袤的前提下,各个空间单元(行政区域)可以根据自身禀赋优势和人口规模,在国内大市场中选择更适宜的产业集聚模式,即专业化和多样性,从而实现区域产业分工协调发展,如此便能够在总体人口负增长和区域人口增减分异明显的状态下,保持全国产业体系完整和基础性产业丰裕度提升。这一结果充分证明巨大的人口规模以及各个区域合理的分布使我国在区域产业专业化、多样性和产业体系完整性方面具有较大的回旋空间。当然,人口规模回旋空间效应的释放不会完全自动形成,需要以国家战略需求为导向,推进国内统一大市场建设,畅通要素流动,破除行政壁垒;人口需要朝着规模稳定、素质提升、结构均衡、分布合理和世代赓续的高质量发展方向和轨道转变。只有人口高质量发展才能够为现代化产业体系建设和经济高质量发展提供更大更多的新动能。

沈阳市农业特色产业发展现状与对策研究

随着国家农业战略结构不断优化和调整,新时期下发展农业特色产业具有广阔前景和重要意义。该文在分析沈阳市农业特色产业发展现状基础上,提出农业企业自主创新能力较弱、国家重点农业龙头企业少、特色产业聚集度不强等主要问题,并对沈阳市农业特色产业未来发展提供思路与对策。

民用航空产业集聚对经济高质量发展的影响——基于省级面板数据的门槛回归模型检验

民用航空产业集聚是构建高端供求市场、高度产业协作、高度交通便利而实现区域资源优化配置与区域经济发展的重要因素。采用2009—2020年省级数据,探究民用航空产业的专业化集聚、多样化集聚和竞争效应3种集聚模式对区域经济高质量发展的影响,进一步检验集聚效应的阶段性作用。结果表明,随着集聚水平的上升,民用航空产业的专业化集聚与多样化集聚对区域经济高质量发展呈先抑制、后驱动的影响,竞争效应与区域经济高质量发展呈正相关关系。

要素禀赋改善、产业结构优化与特殊类型地区共同富裕

特殊类型地区是推进高质量发展的重点区域,建构“以要素禀赋改善为支撑,产业结构转型升级为引擎,协同驱动区域共同富裕”的逻辑框架,计量分析要素禀赋和产业结构耦合协调度,实证检验三者之间互动关联并探讨其理论蕴含,有益于加快构建支持特殊类型地区振兴发展的政策体系和长效机制。结果表明,产业结构调整在要素禀赋影响特殊类型地区振兴发展的过程中发挥中介作用;实现要素禀赋与产业结构的耦合协调可以更好推进区域共同富裕,二者耦合协调程度在要素禀赋促进区域共同富裕过程中发挥门槛效应;要素禀赋及其与产业结构耦合协调度发挥正向作用时,其滞后一期变量对促进区域共同富裕具有阻滞作用。据此针对要素品质提升、产业结构高阶演进以及政府与市场作用协同发挥等领域给出相关建议,力争推动特殊类型地区在要素禀赋改善与产业结构优化良性互动中实现高质量发展。

“双循环”促进利用外资“稳中提质”的效应评估

受日趋复杂和严峻的外部环境变化冲击以及内部传统低成本优势不断丧失的影响,近年来,中国利用外资虽面临挑战,但与全球对外直接投资下滑相比却成功实现了“逆势上扬”,其根本逻辑在于“双循环”能够形成吸引外资的新优势。具体而言,超大本土市场规模优势下的产业配套能力提升和消费需求规模的扩大、更高开放水平下的国际循环畅通以及二者的相互作用,高度契合了全球价值链分工条件下跨国公司布局全球生产网络,尤其是布局高端生产环节和阶段的现实需求,在利用外资上即表现为“稳中提质”。在创新性地对国内国际双循环进行定量和有效测度的基础上,进一步开展的计量检验结果证实了上述理论预期的正确性,即“双循环”能够显著促进利用外资“稳中提质”,并且主要通过更加畅通的国内循环和国际循环及其二者相互促进的机制发挥作用。在经济全球化新形势下和中国迈入高质量发展新阶段后,为充分发挥外资在现代化建设中的作用,中国应加快构建新发展格局,依托超大本土市场规模优势,在实施扩大内需战略、加快国内市场一体化和制度创新的同时积极参与全球生产网络和价值链分工体系,以形成利用外资“稳中提质”的新优势。

全球价值链重构对中国制造业竞争优势的影响

中国亟须针对GVC重构的不同趋势特征部署中国制造业应对战略。鉴于此,研究以GVC重构本土化趋势影响中国制造业竞争优势的理论机制为先导,选取1995年—2020年中国制造业14个细分行业的面板数据,构建计量模型进行分组回归检验以明确各组行业所受的差异化影响。实证结果表明:GVC重构本土化趋势对中国制造业部分低技术行业或低技术生产环节影响较大,其存在被其他竞争主体挤出取代的风险;GVC重构本土化趋势使得中国制造业部分具有比较优势的中技术行业短期内无法被其他竞争主体取代;GVC重构本土化趋势使得中国制造业高技术行业短板依旧。研究依据重构后中国制造业各行业竞争优势演变特征,提出分类、分阶段推进制造业渐进式发展的应对战略,以应对行业供应链中断风险。

京津冀城市群产业链分工格局、机制与发展方向

区域产业分工历经从部门间分工向部门内分工再到产业链分工为主的形式演进,产业链分工表现为功能专业化。以功能专业化指数为基础,运用区位商对京津冀城市群产业链分工进行测度,结果表明:京津冀城市群中心城市与外围城市功能性分工显著,形成中心城市主要承担生产性服务功能,外围城市主要承担生产制造功能的分工格局。其生产性服务功能呈现明显的单中心集聚趋势,各城市优势产业突出。市场需求的多样化、交易成本的降低、城市间密切的经济联系,以及便捷的交通联系会促进京津冀产业链分工的形成与发展。未来京津冀应形成超大城市、特大城市、大城市、中小城市和县城特色突出、功能各异、协调发展的产业链分工体系。